Category Archives: Human Immunology

Human Immunology News is an online publication and email newsletter for researchers studying the human immune system.
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Each issue of Human Immunology News provides up-to-date coverage of the latest news in immunology research performed using human cells or subjects. Our expert editors hand-pick recent research papers and review articles from relevant high-impact peer-reviewed journals on topics including immunotherapy, autoimmunity, adaptive, and innate immunity in humans. We also feature news on clinical trials, award announcements, and funding opportunities.

Improving Outcomes in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia through Harnessing the Immunological Landscape

Scientists focus on immune dysfunction in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia patients, and the role that tyrosine kinase inhibitors and other therapies have in restoring immune surveillance.
[Leukemia]
Hsieh, Y.-C., Kirschner, K., & Copland, M. (2021). Improving outcomes in chronic myeloid leukemia through harnessing the immunological landscape. Leukemia, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01238-w Cite
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Symbiotic Polyamine Metabolism Regulates Epithelial Proliferation and Macrophage Differentiation in the Colon

Scientists showed that microbial polyamines reinforce colonic epithelial proliferation and regulate macrophage differentiation.
[Nature Communications]
Nakamura, A., Kurihara, S., Takahashi, D., Ohashi, W., Nakamura, Y., Kimura, S., Onuki, M., Kume, A., Sasazawa, Y., Furusawa, Y., Obata, Y., Fukuda, S., Saiki, S., Matsumoto, M., & Hase, K. (2021). Symbiotic polyamine metabolism regulates epithelial proliferation and macrophage differentiation in the colon. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2105. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22212-1 Cite
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CAR Directs T Cell Adaptation to Bile Acids in the Small Intestine

Scientists identified the nuclear xenobiotic receptor CAR as a regulator of MDR1 expression in T cells that could safeguard against bile acid toxicity and inflammation in the mouse small intestine.
[Nature]
Chen, M. L., Huang, X., Wang, H., Hegner, C., Liu, Y., Shang, J., Eliason, A., Diao, H., Park, H., Frey, B., Wang, G., Mosure, S. A., Solt, L. A., Kojetin, D. J., Rodriguez-Palacios, A., Schady, D. A., Weaver, C. T., Pipkin, M. E., Moore, D. D., & Sundrud, M. S. (2021). CAR directs T cell adaptation to bile acids in the small intestine. Nature, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03421-6 Cite
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Immunological Memory in Rheumatic Inflammation — a Roadblock to Tolerance Induction

Scientists discuss a paradigm shift by suggesting that beyond these reactions, chronic inflammation is driven by imprinted, pathogenic ‘memory’ cells of the immune system.
[Nature Reviews Rheumatology]
Maschmeyer, P., Chang, H.-D., Cheng, Q., Mashreghi, M.-F., Hiepe, F., Alexander, T., & Radbruch, A. (2021). Immunological memory in rheumatic inflammation — a roadblock to tolerance induction. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-021-00601-6 Cite
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Metabolic Control of Memory T-Cell Generation and Stemness

The authors describe the different requirements for metabolic programs and metabolism-related signaling pathways in memory T-cell development.
[Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology]
Raynor, J. L., Chapman, N. M., & Chi, H. (2021). Metabolic Control of Memory T-Cell Generation and Stemness. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, a037770. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a037770 Cite
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Chimeric CTLA4-CD28-CD3z T Cells Potentiate Antitumor Activity against CD80/CD86–Positive B Cell Malignancies

CTLA4-chimeric antigen receptor T cells were found to accumulate in tumors and are toxic to myeloid-derived suppressor cells without signs of severe GVHD and CRS in preclinical models.
[Frontiers in Immunology]
Lin, S., Cheng, L., Ye, W., Li, S., Zheng, D., Qin, L., Wu, Q., Long, Y., Lin, S., Wang, S., Huang, G., Li, P., Yao, Y., & Sun, X. (2021). Chimeric CTLA4-CD28-CD3z T Cells Potentiate Antitumor Activity Against CD80/CD86–Positive B Cell Malignancies. Frontiers in Immunology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.642528 Cite
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Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Mount a Distinct Antiviral Response to Virus-Infected Cells

Human plasmacytoid dendritic cells produced high amounts of type I interferon when incubated with live cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts but not with free cytomegalovirus
[Science Immunology]
Yun, T. J., Igarashi, S., Zhao, H., Perez, O. A., Pereira, M. R., Zorn, E., Shen, Y., Goodrum, F., Rahman, A., Sims, P. A., Farber, D. L., & Reizis, B. (2021). Human plasmacytoid dendritic cells mount a distinct antiviral response to virus-infected cells. Science Immunology, 6(58). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.abc7302 Cite
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Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cells Lacking HLA Differ from Those Lacking GPI-Anchored Proteins in the Hierarchical Stage and Sensitivity to Immune Attack in Patients with Acquired Aplastic Anemia

To characterize glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein-deficient and HLA-class I allele-lacking hematopoietic stem progenitor cells in acquired aplastic anemia (AA), researchers studied the peripheral blood of 56 AA patients in remission.
[Leukemia]
Yoroidaka, T., Hosokawa, K., Imi, T., Mizumaki, H., Katagiri, T., Ishiyama, K., Yamazaki, H., Azuma, F., Nanya, Y., Ogawa, S., & Nakao, S. (2021). Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells lacking HLA differ from those lacking GPI-anchored proteins in the hierarchical stage and sensitivity to immune attack in patients with acquired aplastic anemia. Leukemia, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01202-8 Cite
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Development of a Bispecific Immune Engager Using a Recombinant Malaria Protein

Scientists used a protein conjugation system to produce a bispecific immune engager, V-aCD3, based on recombinant VAR2CSA as the cancer targeting moiety and an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment linked to a single-chain Fc as the immune engager.
[Cell Death & Disease]
Nordmaj, M. A., Roberts, M. E., Sachse, E. S., Dagil, R., Andersen, A. P., Skeltved, N., Grunddal, K. V., Erdoğan, S. M., Choudhary, S., Gustsavsson, T., Ørum-Madsen, M. S., Moskalev, I., Tian, W., Yang, Z., Clausen, T. M., Theander, T. G., Daugaard, M., Nielsen, M. A., & Salanti, A. (2021). Development of a bispecific immune engager using a recombinant malaria protein. Cell Death & Disease, 12(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03611-0 Cite
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A Slowly Cleaved Viral Signal Peptide Acts as a Protein-Integral Immune Evasion Domain

Researchers showed that the N-terminal signal peptide was the major US9 functional domain targeting MICA*008 to proteasomal degradation.
[Nature Communications]
Seidel, E., Dassa, L., Kahlon, S., Tirosh, B., Halenius, A., Seidel Malkinson, T., & Mandelboim, O. (2021). A slowly cleaved viral signal peptide acts as a protein-integral immune evasion domain. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2061. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21983-x Cite
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RNA-Sequencing Data-Driven Dissection of Human Plasma Cell Differentiation Reveals New Potential Transcription Regulators

The authors present a comprehensive, temporal program of gene expression data encompassing human plasma cell differentiation using RNA sequencing
[Leukemia]
Kassambara, A., Herviou, L., Ovejero, S., Jourdan, M., Thibaut, C., Vikova, V., Pasero, P., Elemento, O., & Moreaux, J. (2021). RNA-sequencing data-driven dissection of human plasma cell differentiation reveals new potential transcription regulators. Leukemia, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01234-0 Cite
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