Category Archives: Immunology of Infectious Disease

Immunology of Infectious Disease News is an online publication and email newsletter dedicated to covering the latest research and developments in the field of infectious diseases.
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Immunology of Infectious Disease News was founded to keep the scientific community current with the latest developments in infectious disease research. We feature high-impact publications, news, jobs, and events focused on immune responses to and the development of treatments for infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, influenza, and malaria.

In New Strategy, Wellcome Trust Will Take On Global Health Challenges

One of the world’s largest nongovernmental funders of science, the Wellcome Trust, is enlarging its focus to include goal-oriented, as well as basic research. The London-based philanthropy, which spends more than £1 billion per year, said today it will boost funding for research on infectious diseases, the health effects of global warming, and mental health.
[ScienceInsider]
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Dozens to Be Deliberately Infected With Coronavirus in UK ‘Human Challenge’ Trials

Proponents of the trials say they can be run safely and help to identify effective vaccines, but others have questioned their value.
[Nature News]
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The Structural Basis of Herpesvirus Entry

Scientists discuss recent insights into herpesvirus entry by analysing the structures of entry glycoproteins, including the diverse receptor-binding glycoproteins, EBV glycoprotein 42 and HCMV gH–gL–gO trimer and gH–gL–UL128–UL130–UL131A pentamer.
[Nature Reviews Microbiology]
Connolly, S. A., Jardetzky, T. S., & Longnecker, R. (2020). The structural basis of herpesvirus entry. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00448-w Cite
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The Unsung Heroes of the Nobel-Winning Hepatitis C Discovery

A tight-knit team of scientists worked feverishly to identify the deadly virus. Only one of them was awarded the Nobel.
[Nature News]
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Immunity, Endothelial Injury and Complement-Induced Coagulopathy in COVID-19

Insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 progression are emerging and highlight the critical role of the immunological hyper-response – characterized by widespread endothelial damage, complement-induced blood clotting and systemic microangiopathy – in disease exacerbation.
[Nature Reviews Nephrology]
Immunity, endothelial injury and complement-induced coagulopathy in COVID-19 | Nature Reviews Nephrology. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2020, from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41581-020-00357-4#Abs1 Cite
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Interferons and Viruses Induce a Novel Truncated ACE2 Isoform and Not the Full-Length SARS-CoV-2 Receptor

In vitro, dACE2, which lacked 356 amino-terminal amino acids, was non-functional in binding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and as a carboxypeptidase.
[Nature Genetics]
Onabajo, O. O., Banday, A. R., Stanifer, M. L., Yan, W., Obajemu, A., Santer, D. M., Florez-Vargas, O., Piontkivska, H., Vargas, J. M., Ring, T. J., Kee, C., Doldan, P., Tyrrell, D. L., Mendoza, J. L., Boulant, S., & Prokunina-Olsson, L. (2020). Interferons and viruses induce a novel truncated ACE2 isoform and not the full-length SARS-CoV-2 receptor. Nature Genetics, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-00731-9 Cite
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Lyn Kinase Regulates Egress of Flaviviruses in Autophagosome-Derived Organelles

Scientists investigated how flaviviruses exploit Src family kinases for exit from infected cells. They identifyied Lyn as a critical component for secretion of Dengue and Zika infectious particles and their corresponding virus like particles
[Nature Communications]
Li, M. Y., Naik, T. S., Siu, L. Y. L., Acuto, O., Spooner, E., Wang, P., Yang, X., Lin, Y., Bruzzone, R., Ashour, J., Evans, M. J., & Sanyal, S. (2020). Lyn kinase regulates egress of flaviviruses in autophagosome-derived organelles. Nature Communications, 11(1), 5189. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19028-w Cite
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Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis E Virus in Pregnant Rhesus Macaques

Pregnant rhesus macaques were infected with HEV to explore the pathogenesis of genotype 4 HEV infection during pregnancy. Active HEV infections were established with shedding viruses in the feces and blood, and elevated liver enzymes.
[Scientific Reports]
Vertical transmission of hepatitis E virus in pregnant rhesus macaques | Scientific Reports. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2020, from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-74461-7 Cite
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A Nanoluciferase SARS-CoV-2 for Rapid Neutralization Testing and Screening of Anti-Infective Drugs for COVID-19

Scientists present a high-throughput nanoluciferase severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that was genetically stable and replicated similarly to the wild-type virus in cell culture.
[Nature Communications]
Xie, X., Muruato, A. E., Zhang, X., Lokugamage, K. G., Fontes-Garfias, C. R., Zou, J., Liu, J., Ren, P., Balakrishnan, M., Cihlar, T., Tseng, C.-T. K., Makino, S., Menachery, V. D., Bilello, J. P., & Shi, P.-Y. (2020). A nanoluciferase SARS-CoV-2 for rapid neutralization testing and screening of anti-infective drugs for COVID-19. Nature Communications, 11(1), 5214. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19055-7 Cite
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The Differential Immune Responses to COVID-19 in Peripheral and Lung Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

Using single-cell RNA sequencing, researchers characterized the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uninfected controls and COVID-19 patients and cells in paired broncho-alveolar lavage fluid.
[Cell Discovery]
The differential immune responses to COVID-19 in peripheral and lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing | Cell Discovery. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2020, from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-020-00225-2 Cite
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Symvivo Corporation Receives Funding for COVID-19 Vaccine Program

Symvivo Corporation announced that it is receiving advisory services and funding of up to $2.8 million from the National Research Council Industrial Research Assistance Program to support the clinical advancement of bacTRL-Spike™, the company’s oral, room temperature-stable DNA vaccine candidate for the prevention of COVID-19.
[Symvivo Corporation]
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