Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 4.09 | Mar 11 2015

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 4.09 March 11, 2015

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    p63 Sustains Self-Renewal of Mammary Cancer Stem Cells through Regulation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling
    Investigators exploited the transgenic MMTV-ErbB2 (v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2) mouse model of carcinogenesis to dissect the role of p63 in the regulation of mammary cancer stem cell self-renewal and breast tumorigenesis. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    IKKβ Enforces a LIN28B/TCF7L2 Positive Feedback Loop that Promotes Cancer Cell Stemness and Metastasis
    Researchers report that the let7 repressor LIN28B and its regulator IKKβ sustained cancer cell stemness by interacting with the Wnt/TCF7L2 signaling pathway to promote cancer progression. They also found that LIN28B expression correlated with clinical progression and stemness marker expression in breast cancer patients. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    Expression of miR-200c in Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Alters Stem Cell Functionality, Enhances Chemosensitivity and Reduces Metastatic Potential
    The authors investigated the role of known epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators, miR-200 family of microRNAs in controlling the epithelial state, stem-like properties and therapeutic response in an in vivo primary, syngeneic p53null claudin-low tumor model that is normally deficient in miR-200 expression. [Oncogene] Abstract

    ECM1 Regulates Tumor Metastasis and CSC-Like Property through Stabilization of β-Catenin
    Scientists detected high extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) level in breast cancer patient sera that was associated with recurrence of tumor. ECM1 regulated the gene expression associated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition progression and cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance. [Oncogene] Abstract

    YAP1 Regulates OCT4 Activity and SOX2 Expression to Facilitate Self-Renewal and Vascular Mimicry of Stem-Like Cells
    Researchers showed that the transcriptional co-activator YAP1, which is the oncogenic component of the Hippo signaling pathway, is elevated in the stem-like cells from non-small cell lung cancer and contributes to their self-renewal and ability to form angiogenic tubules. [Stem Cells] Abstract

    Evolution and Phenotypic Selection of Cancer Stem Cells
    Researchers explored orthogonal cell traits, including cell migration to facilitate invasion, spontaneous cell death due to genetic drift after accumulation of irreversible deleterious mutations, symmetric cancer stem cell division that increases the cancer stem cell pool, and telomere length and erosion as a mitotic counter for inherited non-stem cancer cell proliferation potential. [PLoS Comput Biol] Full Article

    All-Trans Retinoic Acid Downregulates ALDH1-Mediated Stemness and Inhibits Tumor Formation in Ovarian Cancer Cells
    Scientists showed that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity is positively correlated with stemness in ovarian cancer cells according to measures such as sphere formation and cancer stem-like cell marker expression as well as tumorigenesis in a mouse xenograft model. [Carcinogenesis] Abstract

    PIK3R1 Negatively Regulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem-Like Phenotype of Renal Cancer Cells through the AKT/GSK3β/CTNNB1 Signaling Pathway
    786-O and A-704 cells with PIK3R1 depletion introduced by CRISPR/Cas9 system displayed enhanced proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and acquired a stem-like phenotype. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Autophagy Contributes to the Enrichment and Survival of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells under Oxaliplatin Treatment
    The authors showed that oxaliplatin-induced autophagy enriched the population of colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) and participated in maintaining the stemness of colorectal CSCs, thus making the cells more resistant to chemotherapy. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

    CD133+CD44+ Cells Mediate in the Lung Metastasis of Osteosarcoma
    Scientists identified the CD133+CD44+ cells in lung metastatic lesions and osteosarcoma cell lines, and demonstrated CD133+CD44+ cells were more aggressive in sphere formation, migration and invasiveness compared with CD133+CD44, CD133CD44+ or CD133CD44 cells. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

    EML4-ALK Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Consistent with Cancer Stem Cell Properties in H1299 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
    Researchers showed that H1299 non-small-cell lung cancer cells stably expressing echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) – anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) acquired EMT phenotype, associated with enhanced invasive migration and increased expression of EMT-inducing transcription factors. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    The p53 Isoform Δ133p53β Promotes Cancer Stem Cell Potential
    Investigators report that Δ133p53β, a TP53 splice variant, enhanced cancer cell stemness in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, while its depletion reduced it. Δ133p53β stimulated the expression of the key pluripotency factors SOX2, OCT3/4, and NANOG. Similarly, in highly metastatic breast cancer cells, aggressiveness was coupled with enhanced cancer stem cell potential and Δ133p53β expression. [Stem Cell Rep] Full Article

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    REVIEWS
    The Cancer Stem Cell Niche: How Essential Is the Niche in Regulating Stemness of Tumor Cells?
    The authors focus on the cancer stem cell (CSC) niche and discuss its contribution to tumor initiation and progression. Since CSCs survive many commonly employed cancer therapies, they examine the prospects of targeting the niche components as preferable therapeutic targets. [Cell Stem Cell]
    Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    Metabolic Control of Cancer Cell Stemness: Lessons from iPS Cells
    The author reviews the cancer stem cell (CSC)-related metabolic features found in induced pluripotent stem cells to provide an easily understandable framework in which the infrastructure and functioning of cellular metabolism might control the efficiency and kinetics of reprogramming in the re-routing of non-CSC to CSC-like cellular states. [Cell Cycle] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    CPRIT Awards Faculty $11.5 Million for Recruitment and Research in Brain and Bone Cancer, Biology, and Immunotherapy
    The Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) has awarded UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers more than $7.5 million in research grants to improve diagnostic and therapeutic services and research relating to cancers of the brain, breast, throat, and bone, as well as to improve scientific understanding of cancer biology. UT Southwestern received an additional $4 million for recruiting emerging cancer scientists. [UT Southwestern Medical Center] Press Release

    Regen BioPharma Acquires Issued Patent and Preclinical Data Package for Targeting Cancer Stem Cell
    Regen BioPharma Inc. announced the closing of a transaction resulting in acquisition of issued US patent #8,263,571, and associated preclinical data package. The intellectual property covers specific therapeutic agents that gene silence CTCFL, a gene that is critical for cancer stem cells to survive. [Regen BioPharma Inc. (MarketWired LCC)] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Precision Cancer Biology and Medicine
    May 4-8, 2015
    Suzhou, China

    NEW 2015 World Stem Cell Summit (WSCS15)
    December 10-12, 2015
    Atlanta, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Research Scientist – Cell Signaling in Normal and Leukemic Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (Indiana University)

    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cell Biology, Epigenetics & Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Gene Regulation in Breast Cancer/Stem Cell Biology (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    PhD Positions – Immunological Aspects of Cancer and Allergy (University of Salzburg)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital)

    Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cell Biology & Cancer Biology (Oregon Health and Science University)

    Research Technician II – Pediatric Cancer and Stem Cells (Massachusetts General Hospital)

    Director – Vector Production (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    Senior Process Development Engineer (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cells and Breast Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)


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