Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 4.37 | Sep 30 2015

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 4.37 September 30, 2015

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Hematopoietic Differentiation Is Required for Initiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
    Using murine MLL-AF9 and MOZ-TIF2 acute myeloid leukemia models, researchers showed that myeloid differentiation to granulocyte macrophage progenitors is critical for leukemia stem cell generation. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    PBX3 Is Targeted by Multiple miRNAs and Is Essential for Liver Tumor-Initiating Cells
    The authors previously demonstrated that voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ1 subunit marks hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor-initiating cells (TICs). They confirmed directly that α2δ1 is a HCC TIC surface marker, and identified let-7c, miR-200b, miR-222 and miR-424 as suppressors of α2δ1+ HCC TICs. [Nat Commun] Abstract

    The Nuclear Orphan Receptor NR2F6 Is a Central Checkpoint for Cancer Immune Surveillance
    The authors showed that genetic ablation of nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 6 (Nr2f6) significantly improves survival in the murine transgenic TRAMP prostate cancer model. Furthermore, Nr2f6−/− mice spontaneously reject implanted tumors and develop host-protective immunological memory against tumor rechallenge. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract | Press Release

    LncRNA-Hh Strengthen Cancer Stem Cells Generation in Twist-Positive Breast Cancer via Activation of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
    The Shh-GLI1 pathway associated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-Hh, transcriptionally regulated by Twist, directly targets GAS1 to stimulate the activation of hedgehog signaling (Hh). The activated Hh increases GLI1 expression, and enhances the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 to play a regulatory role in cancer stem cell maintenance. [Stem Cells] Abstract

    Enhanced Efficacy of Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Simultaneous Suppression of Multidrug Resistance and Antiapoptotic Cellular Defense
    Investigators studied the characteristics of 231-cancer stem cells (CSCs) sorted from human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and demonstrated that 231-CSCs exhibited enhanced capacities for proliferation, migration, tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. [Acta Biomater] Abstract

    Essential Role of miR-200c in Regulating Self-Renewal of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Their Counterparts of Mammary Epithelium
    MUC1− ESA+ cells were isolated from normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and tested for stemness by clonogenic assay and multi-potential differentiation experiments. The miRNA profiles of mammary epithelial stem cells, breast cancer stem cells and breast cancer MCF-7 cells were compared to obtain the candidate miRNAs that may regulate breast tumorigenesis. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

    Inhibition of Phosphatidylcholine-Specific Phospholipase C Interferes with Proliferation and Survival of Tumor Initiating Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Researchers investigated phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) expression and effects of PC-PLC inhibition in two adherent squamous carcinoma cell lines, with different proliferative and stemness potential, and in tumor initiating cell-enriched floating spheres originated from them. [PLoS One] Full Article

    PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway Dual Inhibitor BEZ235 Suppresses the Stemness of Colon Cancer Stem Cells
    Investigators isolated colon cancer stem cells through sphere culture and verified with the cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, and CD24. They demonstrated that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was highly activated in the colon cancer stem cells and that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by the inhibitor BEZ235 suppressed the colon cancer stem cell proliferation with reduced stemness indicated by CD133 and Lgr5 expressions. [Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol] Abstract

    Salinomycin Possesses Anti-Tumor Activity and Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells via an Apoptosis-Independent Pathway
    The authors investigated the mechanisms responsible for salinomycin’s selective targeting of breast cancer stem cells and its anti-tumor activity. Salinomycin suppressed cell viability, concomitant with the downregulation of cyclin D1 and increased p27kip1 nuclear accumulation. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    Garcinol Downregulates Notch1 Signaling via Modulating miR-200c and Suppresses Oncogenic Properties of PANC-1 Cancer Stem-Like Cells
    Scientists identified and isolated pancreatic cancer stem-like cells using side-population method from human pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1. PANC-1 SP cells exhibited cancer stem-like cell properties including enhanced self-renewal ability, increased metastatic potential and resistance towards gemcitabine treatment. [Biotechnol Appl Biochem] Abstract

    Learn More: Standardized Tools for Cancer Research

     
    REVIEWS
    Fbw7 and Its Counteracting Forces in Stem Cells and Cancer: Oncoproteins in the Balance
    Fbw7 is well characterized as a stem cell regulator and tumor suppressor, powerfully positioned to control proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis by targeting key transcription factors for ubiquitination and destruction. Evidence in support of these roles continues to accumulate from in vitro studies, mouse models and human patient data. [Semin Cancer Biol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    OncoRx Pharmaceuticals Inc. Announces Treatments for Therapy-resistant Tumors
    OncoRx has exclusively licensed the patent rights for drugs that target and control the proliferation and invasiveness of self-renewing cancer stem cells, aggressive metastatic mesenchymal cells, and brain tumors through two complementary pathways for re-activating tumor suppressors. [OncoRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Business Wire)] Press Release

    Kiadis Pharma Announces Initiation of a Repeat-Dosing Phase II Clinical Trial with ATIR101â„¢
    Kiadis Pharma N.V., a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company developing innovative T-cell immunotherapy treatments for blood cancers and inherited blood disorders, announced that it has obtained regulatory approvals from the national authorities both in Canada and in Belgium to start a further Phase II clinical trial with its lead product ATIR101â„¢. [Kiadis Pharma N.V.] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Learn about applications of ALDHbr cells in regenerative medicine. Watch the video.

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Pathology 2015
    December 1-3, 2015
    London, United Kingdom

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Assistant, Associate or Full Professor – Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology (Mayo Clinic)

    NEW Research Technician II – Stem Cell and Gene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    NEW Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell Biology (University of California Los Angeles)

    NEW Assistant Professor – Stem Cell Biology (Stanford University)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology (University of California Santa Cruz)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Stem Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology (Columbia University Medical Center)

    Assistant Professor – Stem Cell Biology (University of South Carolina)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Epigenetic Modifiers (Van Andel Research Institute)

    Postdoctoral Position – Immunology/Vascular Biology/Oncology (University of Toulouse)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (National Cancer Institute)


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