Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 5.20 | May 24 2016

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 5.20 May 25, 2016

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    High Levels of Protein p62 Predict Liver Cancer Recurrence
    Researchers have discovered that high levels of the protein p62 in human liver samples are strongly associated with cancer recurrence and reduced patient survival. In mice, they also found that p62 is required for liver cancer to form. [Press release from the University of California San Diego discussing online prepublication in Cancer Cell] Press Release | Abstract | Graphical Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    KPT-8602, a Second-Generation Inhibitor of XPO1-Mediated Nuclear Export, Is Well Tolerated and Highly Active against AML Blasts and Leukemia-Initiating Cells
    Scientists report the anti-leukemic efficacy and tolerability of KPT-8602, a second-generation XPO1 inhibitor. KPT-8602 demonstrated substantially reduced brain penetration compared to selinexor, with resultant attenuation of the CNS-mediated side effects of anorexia and weight loss. [Leukemia] Full Article

    Dicer Elicits Paclitaxel Chemosensitization and Suppresses Cancer Stemness in Breast Cancer by Repressing AXL
    Paclitaxel is a standard-of-care chemotherapy for breast cancer, despite the increasing recognition of its poor effectiveness in the treatment of patients with advanced disease. Investigators report that adenovirus type 5 E1A-mediated elevation of the microRNA processing enzyme Dicer is sufficient to enhance paclitaxel sensitization and reduce cancer stem-like cell properties in this setting. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    The Tumor-Associated Glycosyltransferase ST6Gal-I Regulates Stem Cell Transcription Factors and Confers a Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype
    Researchers showed that ST6Gal-I is upregulated in ovarian and pancreatic carcinomas, enriched in metastatic tumors and associated with reduced patient survival. Notably, ST6Gal-I upregulation in cancer cells conferred hallmark cancer stem-like cell characteristics. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    De Novo HAPLN1 Expression Hallmarks Wnt-Induced Stem Cell and Fibrogenic Networks Leading to Aggressive Human Hepatocellular Carcinomas
    Wnt3a reprogrammed liver progenitors to replicating fibrogenic myofibroblast-like cells displaying stem and invasive features. Invasion was inhibited by 30 nM FZD7 and FZD8 CRDs. Translation of these data to human hepatocellular carcinoma revealed two tight gene networks associating cell surface Wnt signaling, stem/progenitor markers and mesenchymal commitment. [Oncotarget] Full Article

    PDTargeting Glioma Stem Cells Enhances Anti-Tumor Effect of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
    To increase (10)boron uptake in glioma stem cells (GSCs), researchers created a polyamido amine dendrimer, conjugated CD133 monoclonal antibodies, encapsulating mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate in void spaces, and monitored the uptake of the bioconjugate nanoparticles by GSCs in vitro and in vivo. [Oncotarget] Full Article

    Reciprocal Activation between STAT3 and miR-181b Regulates the Proliferation of Esophageal Cancer Stem-Like Cells via the CYLD Pathway
    Sphere formation cells (SFCs) with properties of esophageal cancer stem-like cells were enriched. Enriched SFCs in serum-free suspension culture exhibited cancer stem-like cell properties and increased single-positive CD44+ CD24, stemness factor, mesenchymal marker expression ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters and tumorigenicity in vivo compared with the parental cells. [Mol Cancer] Full Article

    Evidence that High-Migration Drug-Surviving MOLT4 Leukemia Cells Exhibit Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties
    Scientists obtained high migration drug-surviving (short term) MOLT4 cells (hMDSCs-MOLT4) with treatment of doxorubicin after Transwell assay. Then they detected stem cell-associated molecular markers on hMDSCs-MOLT4 cells and the parental MOLT4 cells by FCM, QPCR, western blotting, H&E staining and immunohisto-chemistry experimental techniques in vitro and in vivo. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

    Spheroid-Formation (Colonosphere) Assay for In Vitro Assessment and Expansion of Stem Cells in Colon Cancer
    The authors described a protocol for the development of an enrichment/culture assay using colorectal cancer (CRC)-cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) to facilitate colorectal cancer research through immunofluorescence staining of colonospheres. They have developed colonospheres from HCT116 CRC cell line to compare and link CRC-CSC markers to the NANOG expression level using an immunofluorescence assay. [Stem Cell Rev] Full Article

    Auraptene Attenuates Malignant Properties of Esophageal Stem-Like Cancer Cells
    Investigators aimed to determine the effects of auraptene, an interesting dietary coumarin with various biological activities, on malignant properties of stem-like esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, in terms of sensitivity to anticancer drugs and expression of specific markers. [Technol Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Hallmarks of Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism
    The apparent dependence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) on mitochondrial function, regardless of their primary metabolic phenotype, represents a previously unrecognized Achilles heel amendable for therapeutic intervention. Elimination of highly chemoresistant CSCs as the root of many cancers via inhibition of mitochondrial function bears the potential to prevent relapse from disease and thus improve patients’ long-term outcome. [Br J Cancer] Full Article

    Role of Pericellular Matrix in the Regulation of Cancer Stemness
    The authors review the key roles of hyaluronan and CD44 in cancer stem cells (CSC) maintenance and propagation and will show that CSC-like spheroids from a rabdhomyosarcoma cell line, namely RD, have a prominent pericellular coat necessary for sphere formation and for elevated migration. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Boston Biomedical Announces Clinical Data on First-in-Class Investigational Cancer Stem Cell Pathway Inhibitors Napabucasin and Amcasertib in Multiple Cancer Types
    Boston Biomedical will feature clinical data on investigational compounds napabucasin (BBI-608) and amcasertib (BBI-503) in multiple tumor types. Data to be exhibited underscore the potential of napabucasin – an orally administered investigational cancer stemness inhibitor designed to inhibit cancer stem cell pathways by targeting STAT3 – to enhance anti-cancer activity when used in combination with other chemotherapeutics. [Press release from Boston Biomedical discussing research to be presented at the 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    FDA Grants Genentech’s Cancer Immunotherapy TECENTRIQ™ (Atezolizumab) Accelerated Approval for People with a Specific Type of Advanced Bladder Cancer
    Genentech announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to TECENTRIQâ„¢ for the treatment of people with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. [Genentech] Press Release

    Human Trials of Cancer Drug PAC-1 Continue with New Investment
    Clinical trials of the anti-cancer agent PAC-1 are continuing to expand, thanks to a $7 million angel investment from an anonymous contributor who originally invested $4 million to help get the compound this far in the drug-approval pipeline. [University of Illinois] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    Overtime Pay for Postdoctoral Scientists Is Welcome — But Could Mean Fewer Positions
    In a long-overdue revision of American overtime regulations, the Department of Labor explicitly included postdocs among those who are eligible for overtime pay if they earn less than $47,476 per year. [Nature News] Editorial

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2016
    October 7-11, 2016
    Copenhagen, Denmark

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Role of RNA Polymerase III in Cancer (Institute of Cancer Research)

    NEW Associate Director – Scientific Operations (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

    NEW Senior Scientist and Laboratory Manager – Novel Biomarkers of Disease (Manchester Cancer Research Centre)

    Scientific Communications and Publishing Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Associate Director – Translational Science Oncology (AstraZeneca)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Adaptive T-Cell Therapy for Cancer (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Myeloid Cells in Cancer Patients (The Wistar Institute)

    Faculty Position – Multidisciplinary Research Programs (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Genome and Epigenome of Pediatric Cancer (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

    Group Leader – Normal Epithelium and Cancer Stem Cells (Institut Curie)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Epithelial Homeostasis and Carcinogenesis (Baylor College of Medicine)

    Senior Scientist – Immune-Oncology (PTM Biolabs Inc.)

    Director – Cancer Genomics (Ontario Institute for Cancer Research)


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