Cancer Stem Cell News 6.30 August 2, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYThe authors report that transglutaminase 2 is upregulated in the perinecrotic region of glioblastoma and triggered mesenchymal transdifferentiation of glioma stem cells by regulating master transcription factors, such as C/EBPβ, TAZ, and STAT3. [Cancer Res] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Researchers report that the miR-302/367 cluster, a previously identified potent pluripotency regulator, is upregulated in prostate tumors. The forced expression of the miR-302/367 cluster accelerated the in vitro and in vivo growth of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and their resistance to androgen ablation, whereas the knockdown of the miR-302/367 cluster using anti-sense RNA suppressed the incidence of formation, growth rate and endpoint weight of PCa cell tumors. [Oncogene] Abstract Investigators elucidated the molecular mechanisms responsible for evading cell death in colorectal CSCs mediated by anticancer agents. During the cell cycle arrest caused by anticancer agents, they found that c-Myc expression was substantially decreased in colorectal CSCs. The c-Myc expression alterations were mediated by upregulation of F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7), as evidenced through FBXW7-small interfering RNA knockdown experiments that resulted in enhanced cell sensitivity to anticancer agents. [Stem Cells] Abstract Scientists provide the first evidence that CSCs are one of the key sources of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor niche. They generated CSC-like cells by treating mouse induced pluripotent stem cells with conditioned medium from breast cancer cell lines. The resulting cell population expressed both CSC and pluripotency markers, and the sphere-forming CSC-like cells formed subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article Suppression of Transposable Elements in Leukemic Stem Cells The authors studied transposable element (TE) expression in several cell fractions of acute myeloid leukemia while tracking its development (pre-leukemic hematopoietic stem cells, leukemic stem cells (LSCs), and leukemic blasts). LSCs, which are resistant to chemotherapy and serve as reservoirs for relapse, showed significant suppression of TEs and interferon pathways. [Sci Rep] Full Article Investigators report that overexpression of RON/MST1R and HGFL/MST1 in cell lines and primary tumors increased breast CSC (BCSC) self-renewal, numbers, and tumorigenic potential after syngeneic transplantation. Transcriptome analyses revealed that the HGFL-RON signaling pathway regulates additional BCSC functions and supports an immunosuppressive microenvironment to stimulate tumor formation and progression. [Oncotarget] Full Article Scientists determined the biological roles and clinical significance of miR-500a-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and identified whether miR-500a-3p has an effect on the activity of JAK/STAT3 signaling in HCC. miR-500a-3p was dramatically elevated in HCC tissues and cells and high expression of miR-500a-3p correlated with poor overall and relapse-free survival in HCC patients. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article Researchers utilized a microfluidic device to recapitulate the 3D brain tumor microenvironments constituted by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and type I collagen. Using the device, they found that HUVECs promoted the 3D invasion of heterogeneous glioma cell populations into type I collagen gel. [Integr Biol (Camb)] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Targeting Apoptotic Activity against Prostate Cancer Stem Cells The authors examined the apoptotic effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and taxanes using flow cytometry and Annexin-V-PE staining. The co-treatment with taxanes and TRAIL enhanced significantly the apoptosis in CD44+/CD24− cells only in the PC3 cell line but not in DU145 cells. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article CD133 Regulates IL-1Beta Signaling and Neutrophil Recruitment in Glioblastoma Investigators demonstrated that forced expression of CD133 increased the expression of IL-1beta and its downstream chemokines, namely, CCL3, CXCL3 and CXCL5, in U87MG glioma cells. Although there were no apparent changes in cell growth and sphere formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, in vitro trans-well studies and in vivo tumor xenograft assays showed that neutrophil recruitment was markedly increased by the ectopic expression of CD133. [Mol Cells] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSThe authors describe the characteristics of leukemic/preleukemic stem cells, the importance of the bone marrow stem cell niches in leukemogenesis, and possible therapeutic strategies to target the preleukemic/leukemic stem cells. [Expert Opin Drug Discov] Abstract Roles of Wnt Target Genes in the Journey of Cancer Stem Cells Researchers provide a comprehensive understanding of Wnt target genes and a plausible explanation for how Wnt allows CSC variation during cancer progression. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSThe St. Baldrick’s Foundation is awarding 90 new grants totaling $23.5 million in its summer grant cycle to support the brightest minds in the pediatric cancer field. [St. Baldrick’s Foundation] Press Release Zander Therapeutics, Inc. reported that researchers for Regen BioPharma Inc. have identified what the company believes to be a strong activator for modulating checkpoint NR2F6. [Entest BioMedical Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSIranian Scientist to Go on Trial for Espionage An Iranian disaster-medicine researcher who was sent to prison in April 2016 is due to go to trial, on charges of “collaboration with a hostile government”. Ahmadreza Djalali has been warned by the Iranian court that he may be facing a death sentence, according to his wife, Vida Mehrannia. [Nature News] Editorial Jordan Stakes Its Future on Science Princess Sumaya bint El Hassan successfully lured the high-profile biennial conference to the Middle East for the first time — part of Jordan’s ongoing push to transform itself into a regional research powerhouse. The country hopes to emphasize the power of science to transcend politics and war in the increasingly volatile Middle East. [Nature News] Editorial University of Tokyo Probe Says Chromosome Team Doctored Images After a nearly year-long investigation into anonymous allegations of data and image falsification in numerous papers, a University of Tokyo committee announced it had confirmed that one research group falsified images and graphs in five papers. The panel cleared five other research groups of wrongdoing. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Why Would a University Pay a Scientist Found Guilty of Misconduct to Leave? In June 2016, investigators at the University of Georgia in Athens concluded that Azza El-Remessy, a faculty member who studied the impact of diabetes on the eye, had committed misconduct and recommended she be terminated. El-Remessy hired a lawyer to dispute the findings, but the following October she gave up her challenge after the university paid her $100,000—essentially to leave. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 51st Miami Winter Symposium Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Assistant of Associate Professor – Cancer Immunotherapeutics (City of Hope) NEW Assistant Professor – Cell Science (University of Manitoba) Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Stem Cells (Duke University Medical Center) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Signaling and Cancer Biology (Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Epithelial Stem Cell Biology (University of Michigan Healthcare System) Research Scientist – Bioinformatics (University of Glasgow) Faculty Positions – Cancer and Stem Cell Biology (Sun Yat-Sen University) Postdoctoral Fellows – Cancer Stem Cell Biology (Genome Institute of Singapore) Research Officers – Cancer Stem Cell Biology (Genome Institute of Singapore) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 6.30 | Aug 2 2017