Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 9.12 | Apr 01 2020

TOP STORY

Paracrine Orchestration of Intestinal Tumorigenesis by a Mesenchymal Niche

Specific ablation of Ptgs2 in fibroblasts was sufficient to prevent tumor initiation in two different models of sporadic, autochthonous tumorigenesis. [Nature] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Actinomycin D Downregulates Sox2 and Improves Survival in Preclinical Models of Recurrent Glioblastoma

Treatment with actinomycin D (ACTD) was shown to significantly reduce tumor growth in two recurrent glioblastoma patient-derived models and significantly increased survival. ACTD was also shown to specifically downregulate the expression of Sox2 both in vitro and in vivo. [Neuro Oncol] Abstract

Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives as Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: Novel Chemotypes to Target Glioblastoma Stem Cells

Researchers describe a novel class of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 inhibitors, reporting the evidence of their significance as novel drug candidates for the treatment of glioblastoma. [J Med Chem] Abstract

CSN6-TRIM21 Axis Instigates Cancer Stemness During Tumorigenesis

The role of COP9 signalosome subunit 6 (CSN6) in regulating cancer stemness was evaluated by organoid formation and limited dilution analysis. The role of CSN6-TRIM21-OCT1-ALDH1A1 axis in CSC formation was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Renal Carcinoma CD105-/CD44- Cells Display Stem-Like Properties In Vitro and Form Aggressive Tumors In Vivo

CD105+, CD105-, CD44+ and CD44- as well as CD44-/CD105- CD44+/CD105+ and CD44-/CD105+ cells were isolated from Caki-1 renal cell carcinoma cell line, confirming coexistence of multiple subpopulations of stem-related phenotype in stable cell line. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The IL-17A/IL-17RA Axis Is Not Related to Overall Survival and Cancer Stem Cell Modulation in Pancreatic Cancer

In vitro, the wound-healing assay, the sphere formation assay, and flow cytometry were applied to assess cancer stem cell features. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Inhibiting of Self-Renewal, Migration and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells by Blocking TGF-β Pathway

ALDHhigh-expressing CSCs were isolated from human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 by flow cytometry and treated with 2μg/mL SB525334 for six hours. The sphere forming assay was used to detect the ability of self-renewal of CSCs and the colony formation assay was used to detect the tumorigenicity in vitro. [PLoS One] Full Article

Metformin Treatment Decreases the Expression of Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD44 and Stemness Related Gene Expression in Primary Oral Cancer Cells

Scientists prepared single-cell suspension from primary oral tumors and subjected the cells to grow in vitro. Gene expression of transcription factors was assessed by real-time PCR. [Arch Oral Biol] Abstract

Zebrafish Microenvironment Elevates EMT and CSC-Like Phenotype of Engrafted Prostate Cancer Cells

Metastatic potentials of ALDH^hi CSCs and ALDH^low non-CSCs were analyzed in zebrafish. [Cells] Full Article

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Lineage Decision-Making within Normal Haematopoietic and Leukemic Stem Cells

Many of the leukemias arise in haematopoietic stem cells with the bulk of the often partially differentiated leukemia cells belonging to just one cell type. The authors argue that the reason for this is that an oncogenic insult to the genome “hard wires” leukemia stem cells, either through development or at some stage, to one cell lineage. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

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Takeda Receives Positive CHMP Opinion for ADCETRIS^® (Brentuximab Vedotin) in Combination with CHP (Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin and Prednisone) for Treatment of Adult Patients with Previously Untreated Systemic Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced that the European Medicines Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) granted a positive opinion for the extension of the marketing authorization of ADCETRIS^® and recommended its approval in combination with CHP as a treatment for adult patients with previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma. [Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited] Press Release

AVEO Oncology and Biodesix to Discontinue CyFi-2 Study of Ficlatuzumab in Relapsed and Refractory AML in Response to Public Health Crisis

AVEO Oncology announced the discontinuation of their CyFi-2 study, a randomized Phase II clinical study evaluating ficlatuzumab, AVEO’s potent hepatocyte growth factor inhibitory antibody product candidate, in combination with high-dose cytarabine vs. high-dose cytarabine alone in patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [AVEO Oncology] Press Release

Cull, Release or Bring Them Home: Coronavirus Crisis Forces Hard Decisions for Labs with Animals

As universities scale back operations and scientists observe stay-at-home orders, many are struggling to protect their research and the animals that power it. [Nature News] Editorial

Tens of Thousands of Scientists Are Redeploying to Fight Coronavirus

As labs shut down around the world, researchers are finding creative ways to donate their time, supplies and expertise. [Nature News] Editorial

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NEW Postdoctoral Positions – DNA Repair in Leukemia (Temple University School of Medicine)

Associate Professor – Regenerative Medicine (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Position – Glioma Epigenomic Research (NIH National Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – RAS Proteins and Cancer Cell Stemness (University of Luxembourg)

Postdoctoral Position – Leukemia and Cancer Stemness (Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego)

Research Fellow – Leukemia Stem Cell Research (Dana Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Stem Cells (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

Research Fellow – Leukemia Stem Cell Biology (University College London)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Stem Cell Biology in Leukemia (University of Manchester)

Postdoctoral Fellow Position – RAS Cancer Cell Biology (University of Luxembourg)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Cancer Stem Cells (Cancer Research Center of Lyon)

Postdoctoral Associate – Glioma Stem Cell Biology (Cornell University)

Postdoctoral Research Fellowship – Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Biology (UT Southwestern Medical Center)

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