Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 9.46 | Dec 9 2020

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    2020-12-09 | CSCN 9.46


    Cancer Stem Cell News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 9.46 – 9 December, 2020
    TOP STORY

    Single-Cell
    Analyses Reveal YAP/TAZ as Regulators of Stemness and Cell Plasticity in Glioblastoma

    Investigators used single-cell datasets and identified glioma stem cells (GSC) at the apex of the differentiation hierarchy of glioblastoma (GBM). By reconstructing the GSCs’ regulatory network, they identified the YAP/TAZ coactivators as master regulators of this cell state, irrespectively of GBM subtypes.
    [Nature Cancer]

    Abstract

    The StemSpan™ T Cell Generation Kit is designed to promote differentiation of HSPCs into T cells in stroma- and serum-free culture conditions.
    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Small
    Molecule Inhibition of Dynamin-Dependent Endocytosis Targets Multiple Niche Signals and Impairs Leukemia Stem Cells

    Researchers showed that Dynole 34-2, a potent inhibitor of Dynamin GTPase activity, could block transduction of key signaling pathways and overcome chemoresistance of leukemia stem cells.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Tumor
    Derived UBR5 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Growth and Metastasis through Inducing Immunosuppressive Macrophages

    The authors demonstrated that tumor-derived UBR5, an E3 ligase overexpressed in human ovarian cancer (OC) associated with poor prognosis, was essential for OC progression principally by promoting tumor-associated macrophage recruitment and activation via key chemokines and cytokines.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Cell Softness Regulates Tumorigenicity and Stemness of Cancer Cells

    Researchers showed that microfluidic devices could be used to sort marker‐based heterogeneous CSC into mechanically stiff and soft subpopulations. The isolated soft tumor cells but not the stiff ones could form a tumor in immunocompetent mice with 100 cells per inoculation.
    [EMBO Journal]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Cyclophosphamide
    and Vinorelbine Activate Stem-Like CD8+ T Cells and Improve Anti-PD-1 Efficacy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

    Using models of triple-negative breast cancer with different intratumoral immune contexture, the authors demonstrates that a combinatorial therapy of intermittent cyclophosphamide, checkpoint inhibitors, and vinorelbine, activated antigen presenting cells, and abrogated local and metastatic tumour growth by a T-cell-related effect.
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Selective
    Inhibition of Stemness through EGFR/FOXA2/SOX9 Axis Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis

    Afatinib alone or in combination with gemcitabine decreased stemness and tumorspheres by reducing phosphorylation of EGFR family proteins, ERK, FAK, and cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. Mechanistically, afatinib treatment decreased CSC markers by downregulating SOX9 via FOXA2.
    [Oncogene]

    Abstract

    Lymphatic
    Metastasis-Related TBL1XR1 Enhances Stemness and Metastasis in Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells by Activating ERK1/2-SOX2 Signaling

    The correlation of expression of transducin (β)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) and clinical features and gastric cancer patients’ outcomes was evaluated. Knockdown or exogenous expression of TBL1XR1 was combined with in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate the function of TBL1XR1.
    [Oncogene]

    Abstract

    Loss
    of miR-100 and miR-125b Results in Cancer Stem Cell Properties through IGF2 Upregulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Overexpression of stemness factors NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 by introduction of gene constructs in Hep3B cells suppressed two miRNA expression levels. Treatment of chromeceptin, an IGF signaling pathway inhibitor, decreased numbers of tumorsphere and inhibited the AKT/mTOR pathway.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    BEX2
    Suppresses Mitochondrial Activity and Is Required for Dormant Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

    Investigators found that BEX2 was highly expressed in CD274low cells, and that BEX2 knockdown decreased the tumorigenicity and G0 phase of cholangiocarcinoma cells.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article

    Patient-Derived
    Glioblastoma Stem Cells Transfer mitochondria through Tunneling Nanotubes in Tumor Organoids

    Both glioblastoma stem cells, grown in classical 2D culture and in 3D-tumor organoids, formed functional tunneling nanotubes which allowed mitochondria transfer.
    [Biochemical Journal]

    Abstract


    She wanted to join the battle against cancer. So she started a company. Read Sofie Pattijn's story.
    REVIEWS

    Breast
    Cancer Stem Cells, Heterogeneity, Targeting Therapies and Therapeutic Implications

    One major challenge is determining the cancer stem cell properties that can be exploited as therapeutic targets. Another challenge is identifying suitable breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) biomarkers to assess the efficacy of novel BCSC-targeted therapies.
    [Pharmacological Research]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Differences
    and Similarities between Cancer and Somatic Stem Cells: Therapeutic Implications

    Understanding the differences in origin, mechanism of self-renewal, and signaling pathways of CSCs and somatic stem cells will provide a better approach to target these specific populations in order to protect healthy cells and minimize side effects.
    [Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy]

    Full Article
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    Y-mAbs
    and Takeda Announce Exclusive License and Distribution Agreement for DANYELZA® (Naxitamab-Gqgk) and Omburtamab in Israel

    Y-mAbs Therapeutics, Inc. and Takeda Israel announced that they have entered into an exclusive license and distribution agreement for the registration and commercialization in Israel of DANYELZA® for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma and omburtamab for the treatment of pediatric patients with CNS/leptomeningeal metastasis from neuroblastoma.
    [Y-mAbs Therapeutics, Inc.]

    Press Release

    Flinders
    University Receives Funding for New Brain Cancer Research Project

    Flinders University’s Dr. Cedric Bardy, Director of the Laboratory for Human Neurobiology at SAHMRI, says the need to understand how brain functions affect cancer cell development is urgent because the clinical outcomes of brain cancer remain extremely low.
    [Flinders University (News-Medical)]

    Press Release
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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Immuno-Oncology research

    Salk Institute of Biological Studies – La Jolla, California, United States

    Faculty Position – Skin Cancer

    Columbia University Medical Center – New York, New York, United States

    Senior
    Investigator – Replication Stress and Chromatin Alterations

    NIH National Cancer Institute – Bethesda, Maryland, United States

    Postdoctoral
    Research Assistant – Glioblastoma

    Queen Mary University of London – London, England, United Kingdom

    Dean and Faculty Positions – Brain Cancer Biology

    Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School – Shenzhen, China

    > See All Jobs

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