Dermal Cell News Volume 2.12 | Apr 4 2016

Dynamic Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Differentiation
The authors used DeepCAGE, genome-wide profiling of histone modifications and retroviral integration analysis, to map transcripts, promoters, enhancers, and super-enhancers in prospectively isolated keratinocytes and transit-amplifying progenitors, and retrospectively defined keratinocyte stem cells. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article

Immobilized Epidermal Growth Factor Stimulates Persistent, Directed Keratinocyte Migration via Activation of PLCγ1
To address the hypothesis that tethered epidermal growth factor (EGF) can stimulate cell behaviors not achievable with soluble EGF, researchers examined single-cell movement and signaling in human immortalized keratinocytes treated with soluble or immobilized EGF. [FASEB J] Abstract

The Influence of Citrate or PEG Coating on Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity to a Human Keratinocyte Cell Line
Human keratinocytes were exposed for 24 and 48 hours to well-characterized 30 nm AgNPs coated either with citrate or with poly(ethylene glycol), and assessed for cell viability, reactive oxygen species, cytokine release, apoptosis and cell cycle dynamics. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract

Effects of UV Rays and Thymol/Thymus vulgaris L. Extract in an Ex Vivo Human Skin Model: Morphological and Genotoxicological Assessment
Scientists compared the acute effects induced by ultraviolet (UV)A and UVB rays on epidermal morphology and proliferation, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Normal human skin explants were obtained from young healthy women after informed consent and cultured at the air-liquid interface overnight. [Cells Tissues Organs] Abstract

Bioengineering a 3D Integumentary Organ System from iPS Cells Using an In Vivo Transplantation Model
Researchers developed a novel in vivo transplantation model designated as a clustering-dependent embryoid body transplantation method and generated a bioengineered three-dimensional (3D) integumentary organ system, including appendage organs such as hair follicles and sebaceous glands, from induced pluripotent stem cells. [Sci Adv] Abstract | Press Release

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

KLF13 Regulates the Differentiation-Dependent Human Papillomavirus Life Cycle in Keratinocytes through STAT5 and IL-8
Researchers showed that the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) has a critical role in the human papillomavirus (HPV) life cycle. KLF13 is overexpressed in HPV-positive keratinocytes and cervical cancer cell lines. [Oncogene] Abstract

Keratinocytes Express Functional CARD18, a Negative Regulator of Inflammasome Activation, and Its Altered Expression in Psoriasis May Contribute to Disease Pathogenesis
Scientists demonstrated that keratinocytes express caspase recruitment domain family member 18 (CARD18) both at mRNA and protein levels and the expression increased in parallel with differentiation. The investigation of cellular inflammatory processes revealed that psoriasis-associated danger signals triggered the expression of inflammasome components and CARD18 as well as IL-1β production of keratinocytes. [Mol Immunol] Abstract

Sakuranetin Induces Melanogenesis in B16BL6 Melanoma Cells through Inhibition of ERK and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways
Investigators determined that sakuranetin strongly stimulates melanogenesis in B16BL6 melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. [Phytother Res] Abstract

The Inflammatory Response in Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review
The pathogenesis of psoriasis is complex and the exact mechanism remains elusive. However, psoriasis is thought to result from a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences. Recent studies have identified that epigenetic factors including dysregulated DNA methylation levels, abnormal histone modification and microRNAs expressions are involved in the development of psoriasis. [Clin Rev Allergy Immunol] Abstract

Current Concepts Related to Hypertrophic Scarring in Burn Injuries
The identification of molecular events occurring in the evolution of the burn scar has increased our knowledge; however, this information has not yet translated into effective treatment modalities. Although many of the pathophysiologic pathways that bring about exaggerated scarring have been identified, certain nuances in burn scar formation are starting to be recognized. [Wound Repair Regen] Abstract

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Bristol-Myers Squibb Receives Positive CHMP Opinion for Opdivo^® (Nivolumab) in Combination with Yervoy^® (Ipilimumab) for Treatment of Advanced Melanoma
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced that the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) has recommended the approval of Opdivo in combination with Yervoy for the treatment of advanced melanoma in adults. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

American Skin Association Announces 2016 Research Scholar Awards and Research Grants
As American Skin Association (ASA) celebrates 29 years of promoting good skin health through research and education, they continue their long history of awarding significant research grants by announcing the funding of 18 grants for 2016. Grants are concentrated in various areas: melanoma, non-melanoma, skin cancer, psoriasis and inflammatory diseases, vitiligo and pigment cell disorders, and childhood skin diseases. [American Skin Association (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

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PhD Student – Immunology/Dermatology (University Hospital Heidelberg)

Postdoctoral Positions – Tissue Repair/Inflammation (Institut Pasteur)

Faculty Position – Radiation Biology (Yale University)

Research Technician – Tumor Initiation and Metastasis (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

PhD Position – Stem Cells and Developmental Biology (Vienna Biocenter)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Regulation of Tissue Repair and Fibrosis (US Army Institute of Surgical Research)

Faculty Position – Melanoma and Immunotherapy (Weill Cornell College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology, Cancer, and Stem Cells (University of Connecticut)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Mechanisms of Metastatic Melanoma (Penn State College of Medicine)

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