Dermal Cell News 5.17 May 13, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers describe how the hyperactivation of Rac1 via the P29S mutation (Rac1P29S) in melanoma hijacked branched actin network assembly to coordinate proliferative cues that facilitated metastasis and drug resistance. Upon growth challenge, Rac1P29S-harboring melanoma cells massively upregulated lamellipodia formation by dendritic actin polymerization. [Dev Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATIONDeletion of Exons 17 and 18 in Prestin’s STAS Domain Results in Loss of Function Investigators sought to delete the intrinsically disordered region to study the functional significance of calcium-dependent, calmodulin binding on outer hair cell function. The hybrid exon that contained the targeted deletion failed to splice in vitro and prestin protein lacking exons 17 and 18 aggregated and failed to target the cell membrane. [Sci Rep] Full Article Researchers showed that pharmacological coenzyme Q10 deprivation at concentrations of statins >10000 nM triggered intracellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and generated cell death in human dermal fibroblasts. On the contrary, at lower statin concentrations, cells and mainly mitochondria, were able to partially adapt and prevent oxidative imbalance and overt mitochondrial toxicity. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERSThe Small GTPase ARF6 Activates PI3K in Melanoma to Induce a Pro-Metastatic State Investigators showed that constitutive activation of the small GTPase ARF6 was sufficient to accelerate metastasis in mice with BRAFV600E/Cdkn2aNULL melanoma at a similar incidence and severity to Pten loss, a major driver of PI3K activation and melanoma metastasis. [Cancer Res] Abstract Melanocyte identity genes displayed loss of active chromatin marks and RNA polymerase II and gain of heterochromatin marks, indicating epigenetic reprogramming during tumor progression. Nevertheless, late-stage tumor cells grown in culture re-expressed Mitf, and melanocyte markers and Mitf together with Sox10 coregulated a large number of genes essential for their growth. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract Scientists demonstrated that hydroxyurea effectively synergized with CHK1, but not ATR inhibition, in >70% of melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer cells assessed, resulting in apoptosis and complete loss of proliferative potential in vitro and in vivo. [Mol Oncol] Abstract | Full Article The authors characterized a linear murine model of melanoma progression and showed that the aggressiveness of melanoma cells was closely associated with high expression of angiogenic factors, such as Vegfc, Angpt2 and Six1, and that blockade of the VEGF pathway by the inhibitor axitinib abrogates their tumorigenic potential in vitro and in the in vivo CAM assay. [Mol Oncol] Abstract | Full Article JNK2 Is Required for Tumorigenic Properties of Melanoma Cells Scientists expressed WT and C116S mutants in melanoma cell lines and used c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-IN-8 to enable chemical-genetic dissection of JNK1 and JNK2 activity. They found that the JNK2C116S allele consistently enhanced colony proliferation and cell invasiveness in the presence of JNK-IN-8. [ACS Chem Biol] Abstract Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Cell Apoptotic Signature Modified by Heparanase in Melanoma Cells By silencing the heparanase gene (HPSE) in MDA-MB-435s melanoma cells, the authors investigated the impact of this protein on gene transcription. They demonstrated significantly increased apoptotic cells by TUNEL staining upon HPSE silencing, mediated by activation of caspase 3/PARP1 pathway. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article The MIF-CD74 Interaction Regulates the Expression of PD-L1 in Melanoma Cells Immunohistochemical analyses of 97 melanoma tissue samples showed significant correlations between CD74 and the expression status of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). In vitro analysis of two melanoma cell lines, which were known to secrete migration inhibitory factor (MIF) constitutively and express cell surface CD74 upon interferon gamma (IFN)-γ stimulation, showed upregulation of PD-L1 levels by IFN-γ stimulation. [Cancer Sci] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Extracellular Matrix News & Cancer Stem Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSMicroRNA Dysregulation in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma The authors focus on the recent evidence about the role of miRNAs in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and in the prognosis of this form of skin cancer. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSVyome Therapeutics Presents Positive Results from Two Key Clinical Trials Vyome Therapeutics presented positive results from two clinical trials testing its lead anti-acne candidate, VB-1953. [Press release from Vyome Therapeutics, Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.) discussing research presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology (SID), Chicago] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSPolarityTE, Inc. announced data from two pilot studies on the use of its SkinTE™ product both showing successful closure of diabetic foot ulcers and venous stasis leg ulcers within a 12-week period. The cases involved patients with lower extremity chronic wounds that were difficult to treat or had failed to heal with standard dressing care and conventional treatments, using a single application of SkinTE. [PolarityTE, Inc.] Press Release Allakos Announces Positive Results with AK002 in Patients with Severe Allergic Conjunctivitis Allakos Inc. announced positive Phase I results in patients with severe allergic conjunctivitis. In addition, patients suffering from comorbid atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis, despite treatment with currently available therapies, reported improvements in their symptoms while receiving AK002. [Allakos, Inc.] Press Release MediWound Ltd. announced that it has entered into exclusive license and supply agreements with Vericel Corporation to commercialize NexoBrid® in North America. [MediWound Ltd.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSAcademics Raise Concerns about Predatory Journals on PubMed The National Library of Medicine has quality control procedures in place, but some researchers believe additional scrutiny is necessary. [The Scientist] Editorial Intolerance and Funding Concern Indian Scientists ahead of Election A rising intolerance towards intellectuals and minority groups in India has prompted scientists there to speak out ahead of the country’s mammoth general election. More than 200 scientists have signed an open letter appealing to citizens to reject the discrimination and violence being promoted by some extremist groups. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2019 Congress Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Epigenetics (Harvard University) NEW Faculty Positions – Allergy, Rheumatology or Skin Biology (University of Rochester) Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biologist (IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine) Postdoctoral Positions – Cell Competition (University of Bristol) Faculty Positions – Skin Cancer (Columbia University) Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular Biology & Cancer Research (Augusta University) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Biology (University of Miami) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Epidermal Stem Cell Research (University of California, San Diego) PhD Position – Epidermal Tissue Mechanics (Forschungszentrum Jülich) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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