Endothelial Cell News 2.09 March 20, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYDistinct Regulatory Effects of Myeloid Cell and Endothelial Cell Nox2 on Blood Pressure The authors generated a novel mouse model with a Floxed Nox2 gene and used Tie2-Cre, LysM Cre or Cdh5-CreERT2 driver lines to develop cell-specific models of Nox2 perturbation to investigate its role in blood pressure (BP) regulation. Unexpectedly, Nox2 deletion in myeloid but not endothelial cells resulted in a significant reduction in basal BP. [Circulation] Abstract | Full Article (Download) | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)VEGFR3 Modulates Vascular Permeability by Controlling VEGF/VEGFR2 Signaling Scientists investigated the role of vascular permeability via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 3 (VEGFR3) in the regulation of VEGF-induced vascular permeability. Long-term global Vegfr3 gene deletion in adult mice resulted in increased fibrinogen deposition in lungs and kidneys. Short-term deletion of Vegfr3 in blood vascular endothelial cells increased baseline leakage in various tissues, as well as in tumors, and exacerbated vascular permeability in response to VEGF. [Circ Res] Abstract Angiogenic Mechanisms of Human CD34+ Stem Cell Exosomes in the Repair of Ischemic Hindlimb Researchers investigated the mechanisms of CD34+ stem cell exosome (CD34Exo)-mediated ischemic tissue repair and therapeutic angiogenesis by studying their miRNA content and uptake. When injected into mouse ischemic hindlimb tissue, CD34Exo, but not the CD34Exo-depleted conditioned media, mimicked the beneficial activity of their parent cells by improving ischemic limb perfusion, capillary density, motor function and their amputation. [Circ Res] Abstract Inhibition of Atherogenesis by the COP9 Signalosome Subunit 5 In Vivo Investigators generated a conditional KO mouse in which macrophage/granulocyte-constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5) was deleted. They showed that CSN5 suppresses macrophage inflammation and that mice lacking myeloid CSN5 developed larger atherosclerotic lesions. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article A Novel Biodegradable Self-Healing Hydrogel to Induce Blood Capillary Formation The authors developed a novel chitosan–fibrin (CF)-based self-healing hydrogel with a modulus of ~1.2 kPa. The self-healing hydrogel was found to be injectable and to degrade ~70% in two weeks. Vascular endothelial cells seeded in the CF hydrogel were able to form capillary-like structures. [NPG Asia Mater] Full Article TNF-α Stimulates Endothelial Palmitic Acid Transcytosis and Promotes Insulin Resistance Researchers discovered that TNF-α might stimulate palmitic acid (PA) transcytosis across cardiac microvascular endothelial cells, which further impaired the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes and promoted insulin resistance. In this process, TNF-α-stimulated endothelial autophagy and NF-κB signaling crosstalked with each other and orchestrated the whole event, ultimately resulting in increased expression of fatty acid transporter protein 4 in endothelial cells and mediating the increased PA transcytosis across microvascular endothelial cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists identified myosin phosphatase holoenzyme consisting of protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) and MP target subunit-1 (MYPT1) as an endothelial nitric oxide synthase at Thr497 (eNOSpThr497) phosphatase. In support of this finding are: (i) eNOS and MYPT1 interaction in various endothelial cells (ECs) and in in vitro binding assays (ii) MYPT1 targeted and stimulated PP1c toward eNOSpThr497 substrate (iii) phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr696 controlled the activity of MP on eNOSpThr497. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors established that the application of Wnt agonist CHIR99021 efficiently promotes differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells in the absence of any hematopoietic cytokines to the stage of hemogenic endothelium capable of definitive hematopoiesis. Monolayer induction based on GSK3 inhibition yielded a large number of CD31+CD34+ hemogenic endothelium cells. When isolated and propagated in adherent conditions, these progenitors gave rise to mature endothelium. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article Scientists investigated whether chronic treatment with the novel dual neutral endopeptidase (NEP)/endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) inhibitor SOL1 improves functional and structural properties of resistance-sized arteries of 32-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). [Hypertens Res] Abstract Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema Investigators hypothesized that endothelial progenitor cell populations would be decreased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema and that circulating endothelial cells would be increased. Among 257 participants, both endothelial progenitor cell populations, and particularly CD34+KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells, were reduced in COPD. [PLoS One] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSPersonalizing and Targeting Antiangiogenic Resistance: A Complex and Multifactorial Approach Preclinical and clinical data suggest that tumors can show dual, different adaptive responses against antiangiogenic agents: one successful adaptation is vascular normalization, whereas the second adaptation is elicited through vascular trimming and increased hypoxia. The authors review how the dual stromal adaptive patterns determine the mechanisms of escape that go beyond the reprogramming of signal transduction pathways. [Br J Cancer] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSBioLineRx Ltd. reported partial results from its open-label Phase II trial for BL-8040 as a novel monotherapy approach for the mobilization and collection of blood forming stem and progenitor cells from the peripheral blood. Interim results showed that a single injection of BL-8040 mobilized sufficient amounts of cells required for transplantation at a level of efficacy similar to that achieved by using four to six injections of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, the current standard of care. [BioLineRx Ltd.] Press Release LSK BioPharma Announces Enrolment of First Patient in Phase III Apatinib Trial in Gastric Cancer LSK BioPharma announced enrolment of the first patient in a global, multicenter Phase III trial to evaluate apatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. [LSK BioPharma] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSJailed Iranian Researcher’s Health Worsening Rapidly An Iranian researcher jailed in Tehran for the last 11 months is in declining health after spending more than two months on hunger strike. This month, researchers around the world made urgent appeals for his release. [Nature News] Editorial Trump’s NIH Budget May Include Reducing Overhead Payments to Universities The Trump administration may be planning to help pay for a massive 18% cut to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) by slashing payments to universities and research institutes for overhead costs, ScienceInsider has learned. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 6th China-Europe Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Associate – Cell Biology (University of Bristol) NEW Postdoctoral Position – Bioinformatics (The National Center for Scientific Research) NEW PhD Student – Brain Vascular Biology (ETH Zurich) Postdoctoral Research Position – Retinal Cell Biology (University of California, Davis) Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Biology (Northwestern University) PhD Position – Molecular Biology (Institute of Molecular Biology) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School) Postdoctoral Fellowship – RNA Biology (Goethe University Frankfurt) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Endothelial Cell News Volume 2.09 | Mar 20 2017