Endothelial Cell News Volume 2.23 | Jul 10 2017

TOP STORY

Whole-Body Imaging of Lymphovascular Niches Identifies Pre-Metastatic Roles of Midkine

The authors exploited the inducibility of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 to engineer mouse melanoma models for whole-body imaging of metastasis generated by human cells, clinical biopsies or endogenously deregulated oncogenic pathways. This strategy revealed early induction of distal pre-metastatic niches uncoupled from lymphangiogenesis at primary lesions. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release | Video

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MiR-497~195 Cluster Regulates Angiogenesis during Coupling with Osteogenesis by Maintaining Endothelial Notch and HIF-1α Activity

Researchers showed that expression of the miR-497~195 cluster is high in a specific bone vessel subtype, strongly positive for CD31 and endomucin (CD31^hiEmcn^hi) endothelium but gradually decreases during aging. Mice with depletion of miR-497~195 in endothelial cells showed fewer CD31^hiEmcn^hi vessels and lower bone mass. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Multimerin-2 Is a Ligand for Group 14 Family C-Type Lectins CLEC14A, CD93 and CD248 Spanning the Endothelial Pericyte Interface

The C-type lectin domain containing group 14 family members CLEC14A and CD93 are proteins expressed by endothelium and are implicated in tumor angiogenesis. CD248 (alternatively known as endosialin or tumor endothelial marker-1) is also a member of this family and is expressed by tumor-associated fibroblasts and pericytes. Scientists showed that the group 14 C-type lectins CLEC14A, CD93 and CD248 directly bind to multimerin-2 and only thrombomodulin of the family does not. [Oncogene] Full Article

Voltage-Dependent Ca²⁺ Entry into Smooth Muscle during Contraction Promotes Endothelium-Mediated Feedback Vasodilation in Arterioles

Investigators provide evidence that Ca²⁺ entry through L-type voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels in vascular smooth muscle can pass to the endothelium through positions aligned with holes in the internal elastic lamina in amounts sufficient to activate endothelial cell Ca²⁺ signaling. [Sci Signal] Abstract

Endothelial Microparticles Prevent Lipid-Induced Endothelial Damage via Akt/eNOS Signaling and Reduced Oxidative Stress

Scientists investigated the effect of endothelial microparticles on endothelial cell function and dysfunction in a model of free fatty acid palmitate-induced oxidative stress. [FASEB J] Abstract

Syncytiotrophoblast Derived Extracellular Vesicles Transfer Functional Placental MiRNAs to Primary Human Endothelial Cells

The authors investigated the uptake of normal and preeclampsia syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles (STBEVs) by primary human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and the effects of free free fetal hemoglobin on this uptake. Their results show internalization of STBEVs into primary HCAEC, and transfer of placenta specific miRNAs from STBEVs into the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of these recipient cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Serum Podocalyxin Is Significantly Increased in Early-Onset Preeclampsia and May Represent a Novel Marker of Maternal Endothelial Cell Dysfunction

Podocalyxin is a glomerular podocyte protein and increased in urine of preeclampsia. However, podocalyxin is also expressed in endothelial cells of other organs. Researchers investigated whether podocalyxin is detectable in pregnant serum and whether the levels are altered in preeclampsia. [J Hypertens] Abstract

Linc00152 Suppresses Apoptosis and Promotes Migration by Sponging miR-4767 in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Scientists explored the role of a intergenic lncRNA named linc00152 in the apoptosis and migration of vascular endothelial cells (VECs). They found that linc00152 was downregulated in human umbilical vein VECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner following treatment with oxLDL, which is a typical proinflammatory factor in the initiation and progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Clathrin-Mediated Post-Fusion Membrane Retrieval Influences the Exocytic Mode of Endothelial Weibel-Palade Bodies

Compensatory endocytosis is thought to limit changes in cell size and retrieve fusion machinery and other misplaced integral membrane proteins following exocytosis, however little is known about the extent, timing, mechanism and precise function of compensatory endocytosis in endothelial cells. Using biochemical assays, live cell imaging and correlative spinning disk microscopy and transmission electron microscopy assays, researchers provide the first in-depth high-resolution characterization of this process. [J Cell Sci] Full Article

Occludin as a Functional Marker of Vascular Endothelial Cells on Tube-Forming Activity

Scientists compared the gene expression profiles of several human cord blood derived late endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) lines which exhibit different tube formation activity, and they observed that the expression of occludin (OCLN) in these lines correlated with the tube formation ability, suggesting that OCLN is a candidate functional marker of late EPCs. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Endothelial Damage Is Aggravated in Acute GvHD and Could Predict Its Development

Investigators explored whether there is enhanced endothelial dysfunction in patients developing acute GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and to identify biomarkers with predictive and/or diagnostic value. [Bone Marrow Transplant] Abstract

Intestinal Lymphatic Vasculature: Structure, Mechanisms and Functions

Scientists provide in-depth information concerning the organization and structure of intestinal lymphatics, the current view of their developmental origins, as well as molecular mechanisms of intestinal lymphatic patterning and maintenance. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

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Stem Cell Agency Invests More than $44 Million in Treatments for Stroke and Fixing Blood Disorders in the Womb

Two projects aimed at helping people who have had a stroke, plus a therapy that hopes to correct a fatal blood disorder by operating on a baby in the womb, are among the programs approved by the governing Board of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine. [California Institute for Regenerative Medicine] Press Release

Exelixis and Bristol-Myers Squibb Initiate Phase III Trial of Opdivo^® in Combination with CABOMETYX^™ or Opdivo and Yervoy^® in Combination with CABOMETYX, Versus Sunitinib in Previously Untreated Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell

Exelixis, Inc. and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced the initiation of the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial to evaluate Opdivo^® in combination with CABOMETYX^™ tablets, a small molecule inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases, or Opdivo and Yervoy^® in combination with CABOMETYX versus sunitinib in patients with previously untreated, advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. [Exelixis, Inc.] Press Release

French Scientist Fined for Failure to Disclose Industry Ties

In an unprecedented court case in Paris, an eminent French lung specialist has been fined €50,000 and given a six-month suspended jail sentence because he didn’t disclose his ties to the oil industry during a Senate air-pollution inquiry. [Nature News] Editorial

Trump Administration Chooses Georgia Physician to Lead US Public-Health Agency

Obstetrician and gynecologist Brenda Fitzgerald will direct the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price announced. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Keystone Symposia: Endoderm Development and Disease: Cross-Organ Comparison and Interplay
February 25-March 1, 2018
Taos, New Mexico, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Brain Endothelium (University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Endocrinology (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Vascular Biology (University Hospital of Bonn)

NEW Associate Scientist – Cardiovascular Research (University of Iowa Hospital)

NEW Tenure-Track Faculty Position – Angiogenesis (University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Angiogenesis and Tumor Biology (University of Illinois)

Faculty Position – Endothelial Cell Biology (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Vascular Cell Signaling (Louisiana State University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor and Immune Angiogenesis (Stanford University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cardiopulmonary Molecular Biology (Hannover Medical School)

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