Endothelial Cell News Volume 3.29 | Aug 27 2018

TOP STORY

Endothelial Dab1 Signaling Orchestrates Neuro-Glia-Vessel Communication in the Central Nervous System

Scientists found that reelin/disabled 1 (Dab1) signaling was conserved in endothelial cells and exerted potent proangiogenic effects in the developing vasculature of the central nervous system by controlling endothelial cell proliferation and active filopodia extension of the vascular network. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Impairment of Angiogenesis by Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibition Involves mTOR Malonylation

Investigators report that fatty acid synthase knockdown (FASN^KD) in endothelial cells (ECs) impeded vessel sprouting by reducing proliferation. Silencing acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 normalized malonyl-CoA levels and reactivated mTOR in FASN^KD ECs. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Quiescent Endothelial Cells Upregulate Fatty Acid β-Oxidation for Vasculoprotection via Redox Homeostasis

Notch1 orchestrated the use of fatty acid β-oxidation for redox balance in quiescent endothelial cells (ECs). Supplementation of acetate restored endothelial quiescence and countered oxidative stress-mediated EC dysfunction in CPT1A^ΔEC mice, offering therapeutic opportunities. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Interaction with an Endothelial Lumen Increases Neutrophil Lifetime and Motility in Response to P. aeruginosa

Researchers developed a microscale 3D model that incorporated an endothelial lumen, a 3D extracellular matrix, and an intact bacterial source to model the host microenvironment. They found that endothelial cells secreted inflammatory mediators induced by the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including GM-CSF, a known promoter of neutrophil survival and IL-6, a proinflammatory cytokine. [Blood] Abstract

PDGF-Mediated Mesenchymal Transformation Renders Endothelial Resistance to Anti-VEGF Treatment in Glioblastoma

The authors showed that VEGFR-2 expression was markedly reduced in human and mouse glioblastoma endothelial cells (ECs). They identified a PDGF/NF-κB/Snail axis that induced mesenchymal transformation and reduced VEGFR-2 expression in ECs. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

Incomplete Differentiation of Engrafted Bone Marrow Endothelial Progenitor Cells Initiates Hepatic Fibrosis in the Rat

Researchers showed that capillarization was due to repair of injured liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) by bone marrow endothelial progenitors that engraft but fail to fully mature. Lack of maturation of bone marrow derived LSECs was due to the cell autonomous pathway that inhibited the nitric oxide pathway. [Hepatology] Abstract

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promotes VEGF-C-Dependent Lymphangiogenesis by Regulating miRNA-132/TGF-β Pathway

The exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)/VEGF-C promoted lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation more potently than the exosomes from ADSCs, whereas pretreatment of ADSCs with miR-132 inhibitor attenuated VEGF-C-dependent lymphangiogenic response. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

In Vitro Modulation of Redox and Metabolism Interplay at the Brain Vascular Endothelium: Genomic and Proteomic Profiles of Sulforaphane Activity

Investigators showed that sulforaphane (SFN) stimulated the production of ATP by promoting the expression and activity of glucose transporter-1, and glycolysis. SFN upregulated anti-oxidative stress responses, redox signaling and Phase II drug metabolism/detoxification functions, thus elucidating further the previously observed neurovascular protective effects of this compound. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Improvement of Vascular Dysfunction by Argirein through Inhibiting Endothelial Cell Apoptosis Associated with ET-1/Nox4 Signal Pathway in Diabetic Rats

Researchers showed that high glucose significantly increased the protein expression of B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) associated X protein and caspase-3 and decreased Bcl2 protein level in rat aortic endothelial cells, which was normalized by argirein medication. [Sci Rep] Full Article

PARP1 Inhibitor (PJ34) Improves the Function of Aging-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Preserving Intracellular NAD⁺ Levels and Increasing SIRT1 Activity

Scientists observed that PJ34 treatment preserved intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) levels, increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, decreased p53 acetylation, and improved the function of stress-induced premature aging endothelial progenitor cells. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes, Loaded with miR-126, Promoted Deep Vein Thrombosis Resolution and Recanalization

Researchers indicated that miR-126-loaded endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes (miR-126-Exo) could enhance the migration and tube incorporation ability of endothelial progenitor cells. In vivo study manifested enhanced thrombus organization and recanalization after miR-126-Exo treatment. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

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A Fresh View on Lymph Node Organogenesis

Investigators highlight the key role of lymphatic endothelial cells during the initiation of lymph node (LN) formation. The involvement of lymphatic endothelial cells as an additional organizer cell type in LN organogenesis unveils multiple control levels that govern the generation of lymphoid organs. [Trends Immunol] Abstract

Emerging Role of SIRT3 in Endothelial Metabolism, Angiogenesis, and Cardiovascular Disease

Emerging evidence indicates that sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is involved in the regulation of endothelial metabolism and angiogenesis and thus affects the development of cardiovascular diseases associated with aging. The authors discuss the current knowledge of SIRT3 and its functional role on endothelial metabolism, cardiac function, and cardiovascular diseases. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field.

Real-World Data Supports Association between Elevated Triglyceride Levels and Increased Peripheral Arterial Revascularization in High Risk Statin-Treated Patients

Amarin Corporation plc supported the recent presentation of a scientific poster. This analysis indicated that patients with elevated triglycerides (TGs) were at a 37% higher rate of requiring a procedure for peripheral arterial revascularization per unit time than patients with normal TG levels. [Press release from AMARIN CORPORATION discussing research presented at the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress, Munich] Press Release

Janssen Announces Results from MARINER and COMMANDER HF Studies

The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced the results of the Phase III MARINER and COMMANDER HF (heart failure) studies. [Press release from Janssen Global Services, LLC discussing research presented at the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress, Munich] Press Release

European Commission Grants Marketing Authorization for Lenvima^® (Lenvatinib) as First-Line Treatment in Adults with Advanced or Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Eisai Co., Ltd. and Merck & Co., Inc., announced that the European Commission has granted a marketing authorization for the oral receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor LENVIMA^® as a single agent for the first-line treatment of adult patients with advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who have received no prior systemic therapy. [Eisai Co., Ltd.] Press Release

Massive £30-Million Grant Will Be Awarded to One Cardiovascular Research Team

A lucky group of researchers will soon walk away with £30 million (US$39 million) to study the heart and circulatory system — one of the largest single grants for medical research in the world. [Nature News] Editorial

Senate Approves $2B Boost for NIH in $850B+ Spending Bill

For the fourth year in a row, the Senate has approved a significant increase in funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The $2 billion boost raises the agency’s funding about 5% to $39.1 billion for fiscal year 2019 and comes as part of an $854 billion package combining spending bills for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services, Education and Labor. [FierceBiotech] Editorial

AAAS Insiders Petition to Revoke Honors of Sexual Harassers

Using the hashtag #TimesUpAAAS, 36 researchers recognized by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for their science communication work posted an open letter asking the society not to bestow honors on those “who have engaged in harassment and discrimination.” The organization says it’s working on a policy. [The Scientist] Editorial

Dartmouth Misconduct Case Highlights the Mistreatment of Junior Scientists

The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice probably isn’t the most collegial of places these days. That’s because Dartmouth officials agreed with Samir Soneji, an associate professor at the New Hampshire university, that his colleague Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, a leading expert on cancer screening and overtreatment, used data that belonged to Soneji and a collaborator in California in a subsequent publication without even a hat tip. [STAT News] Editorial

No-Deal Brexit ‘Worse than Thought’ for Science

The impact of a no-deal Brexit on British science could be worse than previously thought, according to a new analysis. The campaign group Scientists for EU has studied the Brexit technical notes released by the government. One of the documents states the UK would no longer be eligible for three of the EU’s major funding programs. [The BBC] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Seminar: Vascular Cell Fate, Metabolism and Targeting
January 20-25, 2019
Ventura, California, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Assistant Professor of Research – Organ-Associated Endothelial & Cardiomyocyte Regeneration (University of Maryland School of Medicine)

Faculty Positions – Cardiovascular Research (Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lymph Node Vasculature (Uppsala University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (National Institutes of Health)

Assistant Professor – Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center)

Scientist – Cardiovascular Research (University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics)

Senior Postdoctoral Research Position – Cardiovascular Research (University of Tennessee)

Research Scientist – Corneal Cells (The Veneto Eye Bank Foundation)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Cancer and Vascular Biology (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Position – Cardiovascular Development and Congenital Heart Disease (Thomas Jefferson University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Stem Cell Biology (University of Illinois at Chicago)

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