Endothelial Cell News 4.21 June 17, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYTemporally controlled RANK removal in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) revealed that lymphatic RANK activation during embryogenesis and shortly after birth was required for the differentiation of sinusoidal macrophage (SM) subtypes. Moreover, RANK expression by LECs was necessary for SM restoration after inflammation-induced cell loss. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)The effects of TGF-β1 blockade on endothelial cell (EC)-forkhead box transcription factor P1 (Foxp1)-deletion mediated pro-fibrotic and pro-hypertrophic phenotypic changes were confirmed by pharmacological inhibition, and more specifically by RGD-peptide magnetic nanoparticle target delivery of TGF-β1-siRNA to ECs. [Circulation] Abstract A system was created in a micropatterned hydrogel construct housed in an elastomeric microdevice that enabled co-culture of primary human vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts to achieve de novo formation, anastomosis, and controlled perfusion of 3D vascular networks. [ACS Nano] Abstract The endothelium expressed high levels of tight junction proteins and functional efflux pumps, and it displayed selective transcytosis of peptides and antibodies previously observed in vivo. Increased barrier functionality was accomplished using a developmentally-inspired induction protocol that included a period of differentiation under hypoxic conditions. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release Endothelial ERK1/2 Signaling Maintains Integrity of the Quiescent Endothelium An ensemble computational intelligence strategy, comprising deep learning and probabilistic programming of RNA-seq data, causally linked the loss of ERK1/2 in HUVECs in vitro to activation of TGFβ signaling, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, suppression of eNOS, and induction of endothelin-1 expression. [J Exp Med] Abstract | Press Release Piezo1 signaled lung vascular hyperpermeability by promoting the internalization and degradation of the endothelial adherens junction (AJ) protein VE-cadherin. Breakdown of AJs was the result of activation of the calcium-dependent protease calpain and degradation of the AJ proteins VE-cadherin, β-catenin, and p120-catenin. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article | Press Release Regenerative and Durable Small-Diameter Graft as an Arterial Conduit Mechanical properties of implanted grafts closely approximated the native abdominal aorta properties after just one week in vivo. Endothelialized grafts evidenced controlled healthy remodeling with delayed and reduced macrophage infiltration alongside neo vasa vasorum-like structure formation, reduced calcification, and accelerated tunica media formation. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract Focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-tyrosine 861F endothelial cells showed decreased Vegfr-2 and Tie-2 expression with an enhancement in β1-integrin activation. This corresponded with a decrease in Vegf-a-stimulated response, but an increase in Vegf-a+Ang-2- or conditioned medium from tumor cells- stimulated cellular/angiogenic responses, mimicking responses in end stage tumors with elevated Ang-2 levels. [Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article Positive Feedback Defines the Timing, Magnitude, and Robustness of Angiogenesis In silico modeling predicted that positive-feedback-mediated amplification of VEGF signaling generated an ultrasensitive bistable switch that underpinned quick and robust tip-stalk decisions. Investigators defined a positive-feedback loop exhibiting these properties in vivo, whereby Vegf-induced expression of the atypical tetraspanin, tm4sf18, amplified Vegf signaling to dictate the speed and robustness of endothelial cell selection for angiogenesis. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Hypertension-endothelial progenitor cells displayed increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, abnormal mitochondrial ultrastructure, and mtDNA oxidative injury, which was coincided with impaired in vitro function and in vivo reendothelialization capacity. [Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol] Abstract | Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Extracellular Matrix News & Cell Therapy News. | |
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REVIEWSEndosomes and Autophagy: Regulators of Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Homeostasis in Health and Disease Diseases affecting the pulmonary endothelium are linked to altered endosomal or autophagic processing, leading to enhanced degradation of macromolecules and potential cell death. Efforts to target this imbalance have yielded limited success as treatments for lung injuries, which may be due to the complexity of both processes. It is possible that endosomal trafficking proteins, such as Rab GTPases and LAMTORs, may be novel therapeutic targets. [Antioxid Redox Signal] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSHutchison China MediTech Limited (Chi-Med) announced that the independent Data Monitoring Committee of the Phase III pivotal study of surufatinib in advanced neuroendocrine tumors – extra-pancreatic (SANET-ep) has completed a planned interim analysis. [Hutchison China MediTech Limited] Press Release RIBOMIC, Inc. announced positive top-line results from its SUSHI study, Phase I/IIa single ascending dose clinical study of RBM-007, anti-FGF2 aptamer, in nine subjects with wet age-related macular degeneration. [RIBOMIC, Inc.] Press Release Genentech announced that the FDA has accepted the company’s supplemental Biologics License Application and granted Priority Review for the use of Rituxan®, in combination with glucocorticoids, for the treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis in children two years of age and older. [Genentech, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSTrump Issues Executive Order That Could Reduce Scientific Advice President Donald Trump issued an executive order to cut back the number of advisory committees by at least a third by the end of September, according to a statement from the White House. The federal advisory committee system is the formal structure for government agencies to seek advice from experts including scientists. [The Scientist] Editorial China Clamps Down on Foreign Use of Chinese Genetic Material and Data China has announced new regulations for the use of human genetic resources that come from Chinese participants. The rules, announced on June 10, require international scientists using biomaterials from China to have a Chinese collaborator and go into effect on July 1. [The Scientist] Editorial Big Changes Needed to Fight Harassment, Group Tells US Biomedical Agency The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) should make sweeping changes to how it funds research as part of its efforts to reduce sexual harassment in science, a working group advising the agency on the issue said on 13 June. The NIH should treat sexual misconduct as seriously as research misconduct, the group told agency director Francis Collins and his top advisers at a meeting in Bethesda, Maryland. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW EMBL Conference: Cancer Genomics Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Faculty Positions – Cardiovascular Biomedical Research (Virginia Tech) NEW PhD Position – Vascular Biology (Karolinska Institutet) Postdoctoral Fellow – Endothelial Dysfunction in Inflammatory Disease (Seattle Children’s Hospital) Assistant/Associate Professor – Vascular Physiology & Disease (Stanford Medicine) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Neurovascular Imaging Research (University of Nevada) Professorship Position – Vascular Metabolism (Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Diseases (Rutgers University) Faculty Position – Vision Science (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center) Assistant/Associate Adjunct Professor – Cardiovascular Medicine (UC Davis) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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