Endothelial Cell News Volume 4.30 | Sep 9 2019

TOP STORY

Endothelial CDS2 Deficiency Causes VEGFA-Mediated Vascular Regression and Tumor Inhibition

In tumor models, CDP-diacylglycerol synthetase-2 (CDS2) deficiency enhanced the level of tumor-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor-a (VEGFA), which in-turn trapped tumors into a VEGFA-induced vessel regression situation, leading to suppression of tumor growth. [Cell Res] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

A Biomimetic Pancreatic Cancer on-Chip Reveals Endothelial Ablation via ALK7 Signaling

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells invaded through intervening matrix, into vessel lumen, and ablated the endothelial cells, leaving behind tumor-filled luminal structures. Endothelial ablation was also observed in in vivo PDAC models. [Sci Adv] Full Article | Press Release

VE-Cadherin Is Required for Lymphatic Valve Formation and Maintenance

Investigators showed that the adherens junction protein VE-cadherin was required for the upregulation of valve-specific transcription factors. Conditional deletion of VE-cadherin in vivo prevented valve formation in the embryo and caused postnatal regression of nearly all lymphatic valves in multiple tissues. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Derivation of Brain Capillary-Like Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells

The authors describe a two-step differentiation protocol to derive brain capillary-like endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article

Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1 Up-Regulation Ameliorates Senescence-Related Endothelial Dysfunction of Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells

Researchers investigated the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to the senescence of human endothelial progenitor cells expanded in vitro and the underlying molecular mechanism. [Angiogenesis] Abstract

Regulation of Mitochondrial Fragmentation in Microvascular Endothelial Cells Isolated from the Su5416/Hypoxia model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Inducing mitochondrial ROS production in microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) from normoxic rats increased fragmentation. Calcium entry induced by treatment with the TRPV4 agonist, GSK1017920A, was significantly increased in sugen/hypoxia-MVECs and was attenuated with MitoQ treatment. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract

The Role of Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Respiration in the Formation and Functioning of Endothelial Tip Cells during Angiogenesis

Scientists showed that glycolysis was essential for tip cell differentiation, whereas both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration occurred during proliferation of non-tip cells and in sprouting angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) Overexpressing miR-21 Promote Vascularization of Endothelial Cells

Researchers identified the role of exosomes from ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 in regulating/promoting vascularization of endothelial cells. In vitro matrigel angiogenesis assay showed that exosomes secreted by ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 significantly promoted the vascularization of HUVECs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Effects of Age-Dependent Changes in Cell Size on Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Senescence through YAP1

Investigators demonstrated that aged endothelial cells (ECs) were larger than young ECs and that age-dependent increases in EC size controlled EC proliferation and senescence through CDC42-yes-associated protein (YAP1) signaling. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article

Magnesium Sulfate Inhibits Inflammation through P2X7 Receptors in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Scientists demonstrated that magnesium sulfate was efficacious in blocking IL-1β-mediated-inflammation in HUVECs, at both the initiation and propagation phases of inflammation. [Pediatr Res] Abstract

Phenotypic Characteristics of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells In Vitro Support Cell Effectiveness for Repair of the Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier in ALS

Secretion of angiogenic factors by cultured cells provided evidence for a potential mechanism underlying endogenous endothelial cell repair in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through human bone marrow endothelial progenitor cell transplantation, leading to restored barrier integrity. [Brain Res] Abstract

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Hallmarks of Endothelial Cell Metabolism in Health and Disease

Endothelial cells (ECs), often differently from other cell types, rely on distinct metabolic pathways to survive and form new blood vessels; manipulation of EC metabolic pathways alone suffices to alter vessel sprouting; and perturbations of these metabolic pathways can underlie excess formation of new blood vessels in cancer and ocular diseases. [Cell Metab] Abstract

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REGENXBIO Announces Exclusive Worldwide Option and License Agreement with Clearside Biomedical for Evaluation of in-Office Delivery Platform for RGX-314

REGENXBIO Inc. and Clearside Biomedical, Inc. announced an option and license agreement for exclusive worldwide rights to Clearside’s proprietary, in-office SCS Microinjector^™ for the delivery of RGX-314 to the suprachoroidal space to treat wet age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and other conditions for which anti-VEGF treatment is currently the standard of care. [REGENXBIO Inc.] Press Release

Rho Kinase Inhibitor, “Ripasudil Hydrochloride Hydrate” IND application for Phase II clinical study in the United States Indication for Corneal Endothelial Diseases

Kowa Company Ltd. submitted an Investigational New Drug (IND) application to the FDA in order to commence a Phase II clinical study. [Kowa Company Ltd. (PR Newswire Association, LLC.)] Press Release

US Funding Scramble Leaves Science Agencies in Limbo

The US Congress has a busy few weeks in store. When lawmakers return from their summer break on 9 September, they’ll have just three weeks to hammer out a 2020 spending deal – and funding for the National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation and other key science agencies is on the line. [Nature News] Editorial

Animal Registries Aim to Reduce Bias

Registries ask researchers to detail their hypotheses, experimental strategy and analytical plans before studies begin. The intention is to prevent teams from simply cherry-picking significant or desirable findings and to supply the scientific community with a way of learning about experiments that would otherwise go unpublished. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease
February 19-23, 2020
Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

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NEW Science Manager – Vascular Biology (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine)

NEW PhD and Postdoctoral Positions – Neurovascular Biology (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

Research Fellow – Vascular Stem Cell Biology (Queen’s University Belfast)

Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Endothelial Cell Research (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Senior Laboratory Research Scientist – Endothelial Cell Research (The Francis Crick Institute)

PhD Studentship – Circulating Endothelial Cells in Cutaneous Renal Glomerular Vasculopathy (University of Surrey)

Faculty Positions – Basic and Translational Cardiovascular Sciences (New York University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cardiovascular Physiology (University of California, San Diego)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Therapeutics & Angiogenesis (Boston Children’s Hospital)

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