Endothelial Cell News Volume 4.35 | Oct 21 2019

TOP STORY

Proteomic Atlas of Organ Vasculopathies Triggered by Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis

Using in vivo chemical labeling and high-resolution mass spectrometry, researchers demonstrated the presence of a vascular proteome that was perfusable and shared across multiple organs. This proteome was enriched in membrane-anchored proteins, including multiple regulators of endothelial barrier functions and innate immunity. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Engineering Transferrable Microvascular Meshes for Subcutaneous Islet Transplantation

Scientists demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating microvascular meshes from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells, opening a way to engineer patient-specific microvasculature. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Endothelial Cell Pyroptosis Plays an Important Role in Kawasaki Disease via HMGB1/RAGE/Cathespin B Signaling Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

In vitro, exposure of HUVECs to Kawasaki disease sera-treated THP1 cells resulted in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent pyroptosis induction, as evidenced by elevated expression of caspase-1, GSDMD, cleaved p30 form of GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18, and increased lactic dehydrogenase release and TUNEL and propidium iodide-positive cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

6′-Sialylgalactose Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2-Mediated Angiogenesis

6′-sialylgalactose effectively suppressed VEGF-A-induced VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and subsequent in vitro angiogenesis in HUVECs without inducing cytotoxicity. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

PKM2 Regulates Endothelial Cell Junction Dynamics and Angiogenesis via ATP Production

Investigators showed that pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2)-silencing decreases ATP required for proper VE-cadherin internalization/traffic at endothelial cell-cell junctions. [Sci Rep] Full Article

A Collagen Gel-Coated, Aligned Nanofiber Membrane for Enhanced Endothelial Barrier Function

HUVECs cultured on Col-ANM exhibited remarkably enhanced endothelial barrier function with high expression levels of intercellular junction proteins of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin, a high TEER, and a cellular permeability compared with the artificial porous membranes in commercial cell culture well inserts. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Integrated Exosomal miRNA and Transcriptome Analysis of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Scientists investigated the miRNA functions systematically by examining both exosomal small RNA and mRNA of endothelial cells in Wistar Kyoto rats versus spontaneously hypertensive rats. [Hypertens Res] Abstract

Acellular PCL Scaffolds Laden with Fibroblast/Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix for Bone Regeneration

Successive culture and decellularization of fibroblasts and endothelial cells grown on polycaprolactone microfibers was used to develop a bioactive scaffold with heterogeneous decellularized extracellular matrix mimicking endothelial basement membrane. [J Biomed Mater Res A] Abstract

Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Induces Inflammatory Responses of Vascular Endothelial Cells through Activating TLR-Mediated Pathway

Anti-toll-like receptor (TLR)2 IgG or TAK242, an inhibitor of TLR4, decreased the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 by HUVECs and reduced the expression of corresponding TLRs [Toxicol Ind Health] Abstract

Cancer-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Angiogenesis by Heparin-Bound, Bevacizumab-Insensitive VEGF, Independent of Vesicle Uptake

Investigators showed that cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) could stimulate endothelial cell migration and tube formation independently of uptake. These responses were mediated by the 189 amino acid isoform of VEGF on the surface of sEVs. [Commun Biol] Full Article

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Tumor Endothelial Heterogeneity in Cancer Progression

The authors provide an overview of the diversity of tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and discuss the interaction between TECs and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. [Cancers] Full Article

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Innovent and Chi-Med Expand Global Collaboration to Evaluate the Combination of Sintilimab and Surufatinib in Solid Tumors

Innovent Biologics, Inc. and Hutchison China MediTech Limited announced the expansion of their global collaboration agreement to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Innovent’s Tyvyt^® , a fully human anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monoclonal antibody, in combination with Chi-Med’s surufatinib, a novel inhibitor of VEGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and colony stimulating factor-1 receptor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. [Innovent Biologics, Inc.] Press Release

Genentech’s Tecentriq in Combination with Avastin Increased Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival in People with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Genentech announced that the Phase III IMbrave150 study, evaluating Tecentriq^® in combination with Avastin^® as a treatment for people with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who have not received prior systemic therapy, met both of its co-primary endpoints demonstrating statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival compared with standard-of-care sorafenib. [Genentech] Press Release

miRagen Announces New Clinical Data Showing MRG-110 Positively Impacted Tissue Repair and New Blood Vessel Growth

miRagen Therapeutics, Inc. announced new data from two Phase I clinical trials of MRG-110, miRagen’s microRNA-92 inhibitor, in which administration of MRG-110 was observed to increase angiogenesis, as demonstrated by increased perfusion and histological markers of neoangiogenesis, as well as reduce alpha-smooth muscle actin expression, which has been show to correlate with activation of myofibroblasts. [miRagen Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Novartis Receives FDA Approval for Beovu^®, Offering Wet Amd Patients Vision Gains and Greater Fluid Reductions vs Aflibercept

Novartis announced that the FDA approved BEOVU^® injection, also known as RTH258, for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. [Novartis] Press Release

$3 Billion Ballot Proposition Will Decide Fate of Texas Cancer Research Funding Agency

On 5 November, Texas residents will decide whether to sustain CPRIT, the second largest public source of cancer funding in the United States after the federal government. At stake is its generous support for 123 tenure-track faculty like Cole, who investigates cancer and DNA repair. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Indian Government Tightens Rules on Academic Collaboration with China

India is tightening the rules for academic collaborations with its neighbor and main rival, China. Under a new policy, universities and research institutes must seek permission from the ministries of Home Affairs and External Affairs before signing a collaboration agreement or memorandum of understanding with a Chinese institution. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Brexit Hits UK Science Funding and Workforce

The first figures have emerged demonstrating that Brexit uncertainty has adversely affected UK research. They show Britain’s annual share of EU research funding has fallen by nearly a third since 2015. [The BBC] Editorial

NEW Advances in Drug Repositioning
December 3, 2019
New York, New York, United States

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NEW Research Fellow – Vascular Diseases (Queen’s University Belfast)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Drug and Gene Delivery Research (University of Pittsburgh)

Postdoctoral Associate – Vascular Disease (University of Miami)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Ophthalmology (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow and Graduate Student – Cardiovascular Sciences (University of Calgary)

Postdoctoral Position – Liver Macrophage Niche (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Position – Alzheimer’s disease (Icahn School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Vascular Biology (New York University Winthrop Hospital)

PhD and Postdoctoral Positions – Neurovascular Biology (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

Faculty Positions – Basic and Translational Cardiovascular Sciences (New York University)

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