Endothelial Cell News Volume 5.00 | Jan 6 2020

TOP STORY

Epac1 Inhibition Ameliorates Pathological Angiogenesis through Coordinated Activation of Notch and Suppression of VEGF Signaling

Epac1 acted as a previously unidentified inhibitor of the γ-secretase/Notch signaling pathway via interacting with γ-secretase and regulating its intracellular trafficking while enhancing vascular endothelial growth factor signaling to promote pathological angiogenesis. [Sci Adv] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Impaired Endothelium-Mediated Cerebrovascular Reactivity Impaired Endothelium-Mediated Cerebrovascular Reactivity Promotes Anxiety and Respiration Disorders in Mice

Scientists found that GPR4, an endothelial H⁺ receptor, and endothelial Gα_q/11 proteins mediated the CO₂/H⁺ effect on cerebrovascular reactivity in mice. CO₂/H⁺ led to constriction of vessels in the brainstem area that controls respiration. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Cutaneous Vascular Endothelial Cells Restricts Psoriasis Development by Negatively Regulating Neutrophil Recruitment.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-deficient microvascular endothelial cells stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines showed increased ICAM-1 expression in vivo and in vitro, which may have facilitated neutrophil recruitment [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract

Epigenetic Priming by Dot1l in Lymphatic Endothelial Progenitors Ensures Normal Lymphatic Development and Function

Genetic ablation of Dot1l in Tie2⁺ endothelial cells (ECs), but not in Lyve1⁺ or Prox1⁺ lymphatic ECs or Vav1⁺ definitive hematopoietic stem cells, led to catastrophic lymphatic anomalies, including skin edema, blood-lymphatic mixing, and underdeveloped lymphatic valves and vessels in multiple organs. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Targeting Endothelial Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) Protects from Metabolic Disorder-Related Impairment of Vascular Function and Post-Ischemic Revascularization

In aortic ring cultures, metabolic disorders impaired vessel sprouting and this alteration was alleviated by deletion of endothelial TXNIP. When subjected to ischemia, mice fed a high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate diet exhibited defective post-ischemic angiogenesis and impaired blood flow recovery in hind limb ischemia. [Angiogenesis] Abstract

Aerobic and Resistance Training Enhances Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function via Upregulation of Caveolin-1 in Mice with Type 2 Diabetes

Caveolin-1 knockdown inhibited the endothelial progenitor cell proliferative and adherent abilities. The aerobic training and resistance training group showed higher levels of caveolin-1 and p-AKT than the control group, but these changes were decreased by caveolin-1-siRNA transfection. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Endothelial Progenitor Cells Promote Viability and Nerve Regenerative Ability of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β Signaling

E ndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were co-cultured and resorted to co-EPCs and co-MSCs. EPCs-derived paracrine factors containing PDGF-BB (platelet-derived growth factor) were detected, and MSCs were pre-treated with PDGF-BB, while co-MSCs were pre-treated with PDGFR inhibitor AG1296. [Aging (Albany NY)] Full Article

Transplantation of iPS-Derived Vascular Endothelial Cells Improves White Matter Ischemic Damage

Fourteen days after induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular endothelial cell transplantation, the infarct area remarkably decreased as compared to that just before the transplantation when evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging or luxol fast blue staining, and remyelination was promoted dramatically in the infarct when assessed by luxol fast blue staining. [J Neurochem] Abstract

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Protect against Palmitate-Induced Lipoapoptosis in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Monounsaturated fatty acids confered protection against the cytotoxic effects of palmitate in vascular endothelial cells; and palmitate-mediated damage, as well as monounsaturated-mediated protection, were due in part to inactivation and activation, respectively, of the metabolic regulator AMPK. [PLoS One] Full Article

Differential Functional Roles of Fibroblasts and Pericytes in the Formation of Tissue-Engineered Microvascular Networks In Vitro

Investigators examined the effects of adding defined stromal cell populations on the self-assembly of endothelial cells (ECs) derived from human endothelial colony forming cells into perfusable microvascular networks (μVNs) in fibrin gels cast within a microfluidic chamber. ECs alone failed to fully assemble a perfusable μVN. [NPJ Regen Med] Full Article

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Vascular Reconstruction: A Major Challenge in Developing a Functional Whole Solid Organ Graft from Decellularized Organs

Scientists summarize the available cell sources that can be used for reendothelialization in addition to different trials performed by researchers to reconstruct vascularization of decellularized solid organs. [Acta Biomater] Abstract

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CryoLife Receives FDA Authorization to Commence PROACT Xa Clinical Trial

CryoLife, Inc. announced that it has received authorization from the FDA pursuant to an Investigational New Drug application to begin the PROACT Xa clinical trial, a prospective, randomized, trial to determine if patients with an On-X mechanical aortic valve can be maintained safely and effectively on apixaban rather than warfarin. [CryoLife, Inc.] Press Release

Chi-Med’s New Drug Application for Surufatinib in Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Granted Priority Review in China

Hutchison China MediTech Limited (Chi-Med) announced that the Center for Drug Evaluation of China’s National Medical Products Administration has granted Priority Review status to the New Drug Application for surufatinib for the treatment of patients with advanced non-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. [Hutchison China MediTech Limited] Press Release

What CRISPR-Baby Prison Sentences Mean for Research

A Chinese court has sentenced He Jiankui, the biophysicist who announced that he had created the world’s first gene-edited babies, to three years in prison for “illegal medical practice”, and handed down shorter sentences to two colleagues who assisted him. [Nature News] Editorial

From Service to Science: NIH Shifts Focus of Mentoring Network Aimed at Boosting Grantee Diversity

As co-director of graduate affairs at the University of Chicago, Nancy Schwartz spent the past 4 years helping faculty members at 15 major research universities become better mentors. The project was supported by the National Research Mentoring Network, a $23 million effort that the National Institutes of Health launched after discovering an embarrassing racial gap in who gets NIH grants. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW EACR-AACR Basic and Translational Research Conference 2020 Conference: Tumor Microenvironment
March 2-4, 2020
Lisbon, Portugal

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NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Pulmonary Vascular Diseases (Boston Children’s Hospital)

NEW PhD Student – Aortic Disease (University Hospital of Cologne)

NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Aortic Disease (University Hospital of Cologne)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Vascular Tissue Engineering (F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG)

NEW Postdoctoral Positions – Bioinformatics and Vascular Biology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Vascular Biology (University of Illinois)

PhD Student – Metabolism and Vascular Function (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

PhD Student – Molecular Obesity Research (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Research Specialist – Cell Biology (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Assistant or Associate Professor – Cardiovascular or Renal Physiology and Pharmacology (University of Southern Denmark)

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