Endothelial Cell News Volume 5.08 | Mar 9 2020

TOP STORY

Identification of Two Major Autoantigens Negatively Regulating Endothelial Activation in Takayasu Arteritis

Investigators identified cell-surface autoantigens using an expression cloning system. A cDNA library of endothelial cells was retrovirally transfected into a rat myeloma cell line from which antiendothelial cell antibody-positive clones were sorted with flow cytometry. [Nat Commun] Full Article

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Anti-Angiogenic Effects of VEGF Stimulation on Endothelium Deficient in Phosphoinositide Recycling

Researchers targeted the resynthesis of phosphoinositides consumed during intracellular transduction of pro-angiogenic signals in endothelial cells (ECs), thus harnessing the tumor’s own production of excess stimulatory ligands to deplete adjacent ECs of the capacity to respond to those signals. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Regulation of Cancer Stem Cell Properties, Angiogenesis, and Vasculogenic Mimicry by miR-450a-5p/SOX2 Axis in Colorectal Cancer

As cancer stem cell (CSC) properties have been associated with angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM), the authors aimed to comprehensively investigate whether SOX2 regulated CSC properties, angiogenesis, and VM in colorectal carcinoma and its potential mechanism. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

miR-143 Promotes Angiogenesis and Osteoblast Differentiation by Targeting HDAC7

Investigators found that miR-143 was expressed both in osteoblast cells and CD31^hiendomucin^hi endothelial cells. Serum miR-143 level was negatively correlated with age in humans. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Curcumol Attenuates Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Angiogenesis via Regulating Glis-PROX1-HIF-1α in Liver Fibrosis

Cell angiogenesis and angiogenic protein were examined in primary liver sinusoidal endothelial cells of rats, and multifarious cellular and molecular assays revealed the efficiency of curcumol intervention in fibrotic mice. [Cell Prolif] Full Article

Hypoxia Sensing by Hepatic Stellate Cells Leads to VEGF-Dependent Angiogenesis and May Contribute to Accelerated Liver Regeneration

Researchers clarified the crosstalk of hepatocytes (HC), hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) in accelerated liver growth. In vivo, liver volume, HC proliferation, vascular density and HSC activation were assessed in portal vein ligation (PVL), PVL plus transection, PVL+dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and DMOG alone. [Sci Rep] Full Article

A Dynamic Perfusion Based Blood-Brain Barrier Model for Cytotoxicity Testing and Drug Permeation

The authors utilized a high transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) primary porcine brain microvascular endothelial cell culture to assess the impact of shear stress on barrier formation using the Kirkstall QuasiVivo 600 multi-chamber perfusion system. The application of shear stress resulted in a reorientation and enhancement of tight junction formation on both coverslip and permeable inserts, in addition to enhancing and maintaining TEER for longer, when compared to static conditions. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Polarized Lung Inflammation and Tie2/Angiopoietin-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction during Severe Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection

Using a murine model of lethal O. tsutsugamushi infection, scientists demonstrated pathological characteristics of vascular activation and tissue damage: a significant increase of ICAM-1 and angiopoietin-2 proteins in inflamed tissues and lung-derived endothelial cells, a progressive loss of endothelial quiescent and junction protein, and a profound impairment of Tie2 receptor at the transcriptional and functional levels. [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] Full Article

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase L1 Represses Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting IL-1β/NF-κB/Snail Signaling

Scientists investigated how transcription factors like Snail were regulated by pulmonary hypertension risk factors. They showed that treatment with interleukin 1β induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of HUVECs via activation of NF-κB/Snail pathway, which was further exacerbated by knockdown of protein tyrosine phosphatase L1. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract

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Cellular Adaptation to Hypoxia through Hypoxia Inducible Factors and Beyond

The best-studied mechanism of response to hypoxia involves hypoxia inducible factors, which are stabilized by low oxygen availability and control the expression of a multitude of genes, including those involved in cell survival, angiogenesis, glycolysis and invasion/metastasis. Importantly, changes in oxygen can also be sensed via other stress pathways as well as changes in metabolite levels and the generation of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria. [Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol] Abstract

Targeting Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Kidney Disease

The renal lymphatic system is important for fluid homeostasis in the kidney, as well as the transport of immune cells and antigens. Experimental studies suggest that the lymphangiogenic factor VEGFC might have protective effects in polycystic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. [Nat Rev Nephrol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field.

Outlook Therapeutics Announces LYTENAVA™ (Bevacizumab-Vikg), Anticipated Brand Name for ONS-5010, If Approved

Outlook Therapeutics, Inc. announced that it has received FDA tentative approval of the Tradename for ONS-5010 as LYTENAVA™. [Outlook Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

The W. Garfield Weston Foundation Makes One-of-a-Kind, $16.7-Million Philanthropic Grant to Revolutionize the Treatment of Brain Disorders

The W. Garfield Weston Foundation, through its Weston Brain Institute, has made a landmark $16.7-million philanthropic grant to establish the Weston Family Focused Ultrasound Initiative at Sunnybrook. This initiative is set to revolutionize the treatment of brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, brain cancer and ALS. [The W. Garfield Weston Foundation (Newswire, Inc.)] Press Release

New Trump Rules Aim to Fuel Sharing of Patient Health Records by Smartphone

President Trump’s top health care aides said they will finalize federal rules requiring health providers and insurers to make health records available to patients in an easily accessible electronic format, a policy shift aimed at fueling broader efforts to use patient data to develop new software tools and services. [STAT News] Editorial

Trump Administration Expands Reach of EPA Secret Science Proposal

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a controversial proposal to limit the scientific research used in the federal rule-making process. The draft “Strengthening Transparency in Regulatory Science” is part of the agency’s persistent effort to rework the foundation on which public health and environmental rules are crafted. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Seminar: Signal Transduction by Engineered Extracellular Matrices
July 18-19, 2020
Manchester, New Hampshire, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellow – Cardiovascular Disease (Queen’s University Belfast)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Endothelial Mechanotransduction (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Pancreatic-Endothelial Cell Interactions (German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Research Associate – Blood Vessel Formation (The University of Manchester)

Research Fellow – Vascular Biology (Queen’s University Belfast)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Endothelial Injury in Type 2 Diabetes (Karolinska Institutet)

PhD Candidate – Autoimmunity and Kidney Diseases (Radboud University Medical Centre)

Career Scientist – Neurosurgery and Regenerative Medicine (Mayo Clinic)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Neurodegeneration and Vascular Functions (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

PhD Position – Aging (Lausanne University Hospital)

Post-Doctoral Fellow – Metabolic Regulation of Vascular Formation (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation)

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