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Pulmonary Cell News| ESC & iPSC News 12.34 August 30, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYZSCAN10 Expression Corrects the Genomic Instability of iPSCs from Aged Donors Researchers demonstrated that iPSCs generated from aged donors (A-iPSCs) exhibit excessive glutathione-mediated reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, which blocks the DNA damage response and apoptosis and permits survival of cells with genomic instability. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Investigators engineered hydrogel scaffolds to form “bio-bridges” within the necrotic lesion cavity, providing physical and trophic support to transplanted human embryonic stem cell-derived cortical progenitors, as well as residual host neurons. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Cytoplasmic and Nuclear TAZ Exert Distinct Functions in Regulating Primed Pluripotency The authors showed that cytoplasmic β-catenin interacts with and retains TAZ, a Hippo pathway effector, in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic retention of TAZ promotes mouse epiblast stem cells (mEpiSC) self-renewal in the absence of nuclear β-catenin, whereas nuclear translocation of TAZ induces mEpiSC differentiation. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract In this study, endothelial phenotype cells generated from human iPSC formed cell networks in co-culture with fibroblasts. Changes of plasmalogen lipids and sphingomyelins in endothelial phenotype cells generated from human iPSC were investigated by reverse-phase ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. [Sci Rep] Full Article Researchers investigated the role of paternally expressed gene-3 (Peg3) in mouse ESCs and during the process of somatic cell reprogramming towards pluripotency. They showed that Peg3 knockdown increases expression of pluripotency genes in ESCs and enhances reprogramming efficiency of both mouse embryonic fibroblasts and neural stem cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Using an RNA-Seq approach, scientists identified Kruppel-like factor (Klf4) as a direct target of gastrulation brain homeobox 2 (Gbx2). Functional studies indicated that Klf4 mediates the self-renewal-promoting effects of Gbx2, as knockdown of Klf4 expression abrogated the ability of Gbx2 to maintain the undifferentiated state of mESCs. They also found that Gbx2 largely depends on Klf4 to reprogram mouse epiblast stem cells to a mESC-like state. [J Biol Chem] Full Article Low Focal Adhesion Signaling Promotes Ground State Pluripotency of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Investigators used the shotgun proteomics technique to compare the proteome of the ground state condition (R2i- and 2i-grown cells) to serum. mESCs had highly adhesive attachment under the serum condition, whereas in the 2i and R2i culture conditions, a loss of adhesion was observed and the cells were rounded and grew in compact colonies on gelatin. [J Proteome Res] Abstract Researchers measured how undifferentiated hPSC behaved following xenotransplant. They directly transplanted undifferentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells and human embryonic stem cells into the adult mouse brain ventricle and analyzed their fates. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract | Editorial An Efficient Method for Generation of Knock-Out Human Embryonic Stem Cells using CRISPR/Cas9 System The authors developed a simple and efficient protocol to permanently downregulate expression of gene of interest in hESCs using CRISPR/Cas9. They selected p53 for their proof of concept experiments and demonstrated that their approach achieved over 80% efficiency in generating hESC clonal sublines that did not express p53 protein. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSSuper Resolution Imaging of Chromatin in Pluripotency, Differentiation, and Reprogramming The development of advanced microscopy methods, such as single molecule localization microscopy, has largely opened a new field of research providing the tools to visualize and quantitatively analyze chromatin fiber organization and thus gene activity at nanoscale resolution in single cells. [Curr Opin Genet Dev] Abstract Variability of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Recent studies have clearly established that human pluripotent stem cell lines can display variable capacity to differentiate into specific lineages. The authors summarize their knowledge concerning the origin of this variability and describe potential solutions currently available to bypass this major challenge. [Curr Opin Genet Dev] Abstract Bioprinting of Stem Cells for Transplantable Tissue Fabrication Stem cells offer several advantages over differentiated cells for use as starting materials, including the potential for autologous tissue and differentiation into multiple cell lines. Cells are combined with various natural and synthetic materials to form bioinks, which are used to fabricate scaffold-based or scaffold-free constructs. Researchers have been successful in bioprinting cartilage, bone, cardiac, nervous, liver, and vascular tissues. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article Scientists describe the history and current state of 3D brain organoid differentiation strategies, a survey of applications of organoids towards studies of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, and the challenges associated with their use as in vitro models of neurological disorders. [J Biomed Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the ESC & iPSC research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSBioTime to Present Data at the Military Health System Research Symposium BioTime, Inc. announced that it will be presenting one podium presentation and two abstracts. BioTime has recently released data from its two lead programs in medical aesthetics and ophthalmology and is now exploring ways to address serious unmet needs for trauma and combat-related injuries. [Press release from BioTime, Inc. discussing research presented at the Military Health System Research Symposium (MHSRS), Washington] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSReprogrammed Cells Relieve Parkinson’s Symptoms in Trials Japanese researchers report promising results from an experimental therapy for Parkinson’s disease that involves implanting neurons made from ‘reprogrammed’ stem cells into the brain. [Nature News] Press Release ISSCR Responds to FDA Announcement of Enforcement Direction for Stem Cell Treatments The ISSCR commends the U.S. FDA for its policy direction and enforcement efforts to provide “bright lines and appropriate oversight” when regulating stem cell treatments and regenerative medicine. The agency reported its enforcement actions against clinics in California and Florida offering unproven stem cell therapies, and announced pending policy and regulatory efforts against these practices. [International Society for Stem Cell Research] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSNSF Reiterates Policy on Teaching Good Research Habits Despite Its Limitations The National Science Foundation (NSF) in Arlington, Virginia, has decided to double down on its implementation of a congressionally mandated policy aimed at reducing research misconduct among NSF-funded scientists, despite a new report that notes problems with the agency’s approach. [Nature News] Editorial China’s Embrace of Embryo Selection Raises Thorny Questions Fertility centers are making a massive push to increase preimplantation genetic diagnosis in a bid to eradicate certain diseases. [Nature News] Editorial Science Suffers as China’s Internet Censors Plug Holes in Great Firewall China is tightening the screws on internet access, again. The latest crackdown—an evolving effort to ban virtual private networks not under government control—could seriously erode scientists’ ability to stay connected with peers abroad. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 51st Miami Winter Symposium Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Technical Director – Personalized Stem Cell Banking (Brilliant Research) NEW Faculty Position – Stem Cell Research (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center) NEW Director – Stem Cell Research Facility (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Position – Islet Biology (Sanofi) Lead Bioengineer – Parkinson’s Disease Research (Scaled Biolabs Inc.) Research Associate – Parkinson’s Disease Research (Scaled Biolabs Inc.) Postdoctoral Scientist – Stem Cell Biology (CRUK Manchester Institute) Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Research (None) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cellular Neuroscience/Stem Cell (UC San Diego) Postdoctoral Position – Mammalian Stem Cell Biology (New York University, School of Medicine) Assistant Professor – Human Anatomy and Cell Science (University Of Manitoba) Assistant Professor – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Harvard University) Post-Doctoral/PhD Position – Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism (University of Freiburg) Junior Principal Investigator – Molecular Oncology (FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology) Assistant Professor – Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (Harvard University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cell Tissue Engineering (Stanford University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Multiple Areas (University of Oklahoma) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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