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Pulmonary Cell News| ESC & iPSC News 12.46 November 22, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators characterized dedifferentiating cells using several lineage-tracing strains and single-cell mRNA-seq, and they showed that Sox2 is required for initiating dedifferentiation and that inhibition of Ezh2 promoted multipotent progenitor expansion. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Structural and Spatial Chromatin Features at Developmental Gene Loci in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Scientists showed that both chromatin interaction profiles and nuclear positions at developmental gene loci differ between human somatic cells and human PSCs, and that changes in the chromatin interactions are closely related to the nuclear repositioning. [Nat Commun] Full Article Role of Estrogen Receptor Beta in Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Researchers examined whether estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) influences differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into neural lineages, they compared control and ERβ knockout mouse ESCs at defined stages of neural development and examined the effects of an ERβ-selective ligand with a combination of global and targeted gene-expression profiling and the expression of key pluripotency markers. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract Persistent oxidative phosphorylation in aged tissue donor (Archive)-iPSCs generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to excessive elevation of glutathione (a ROS-scavenging metabolite) and a blunted DNA damage response. Expression of glucose transporter 3 in A-iPSCs recovered the metabolic defect, DNA damage response, and histone acetylation status. [Cell Rep] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Investigators report that miR-302 is sufficient to enable neural differentiation of differentiation-incompetent Dgcr8−/− ESCs. Their data showed that miR-302 directly suppresses the tumor suppressor p53, which is modestly upregulated in Dgcr8−/− ESCs and serves as a barrier restricting neural differentiation. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract Scientists demonstrated that OCT4 phosphorylation on serine 347 by c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) plays an important role in its stability, transcriptional activities, and self-renewal of mouse ESCs. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article Specification of Murine Ground State Pluripotent Stem Cells to Regional Neuronal Populations Researchers developed protocols for neural fate restriction of mouse PSCs, using knowledge of embryonic development and recent progress with human equivalents. Neural subtypes generated included those of the dorsal forebrain, ventral forebrain, ventral midbrain and hindbrain. [Sci Rep] Full Article Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Amnion in Chemically Defined Conditions The authors describe episomal reprogramming of mesenchymal stem cells from the human amnion to pluripotency (AM-iPSC) in chemically defined conditions. The AM-iPSC expressed markers of embryonic stem cells, readily formed teratomas with tissues of all three germ layers present and had a normal karyotype after around 40 passages in culture. [Cell Cycle] Abstract It has been previously shown that mouse ESCs seeded in a type I collagen matrix demonstrate a loss of pluripotent marker expression and differentiate towards an osteogenic lineage. Researchers examined if this effect was mediated in part through Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) dependent integrin activity and/or mechano-transduction. [BMC Cell Biol] Full Article PEG-4MAL Hydrogels for In Vitro Culture of Human Organoids and In Vivo Delivery to Sites of Injury Scientists describe a protocol for the synthesis of a fully defined, synthetic hydrogel based on a four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) macromer that supports the in vitro generation and culture of human intestinal organoids (HIOs). They also provide guidelines for localized in vivo delivery of synthetic hydrogel-encapsulated HIOs that promotes engraftment and improved colonic wound repair in mice. [Protoc exch] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSNoncoding RNAs in the Regulation of Pluripotency and Reprogramming The most studied class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the context of pluripotency and reprogramming is microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition to canonical microRNAs, other types of small RNAs with miRNA-like function are expressed in PSCs. Another class of ncRNAs, long ncRNAs, are also involved in pluripotency and reprogramming regulation.The authors briefly summarize recent advances in this field and describe existing genome-editing approaches to study ncRNA functions. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract MicroRNAs: Important Regulators of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Generation and Differentiation Researchers summarize advances in research and the application of iPS cells, as well as recent progress in the use of microRNAs for iPS cell generation and differentiation. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the ESC & iPSC research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSCincinnati Children’s Launches Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine Seven years ago Cincinnati Children’s scientists first used pluripotent stem cells to mimic natural human development and grow working human intestine in a lab. Today medical center doctors can bioengineer the gastrointestinal tissues of sick children to find clues about a child’s disease and how to treat it. [Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center] Press Release | Video With an increased focus from commercial ventures on pre-clinical research and clinical trials and a significant advance in cell and gene therapy manufacturing capability, this follows a consistent trend of growth across the industry since the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult was established five years ago. [Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSFDA Announces Comprehensive Regenerative Medicine Policy Framework The FDA announced a comprehensive policy framework for the development and oversight of regenerative medicine products, including novel cellular therapies. The framework – outlined in a suite of four guidance documents – builds upon the FDA’s existing risk-based regulatory approach to more clearly describe what products are regulated as drugs, devices, and/or biological products. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release Director of HHS Scientific Fraud Office Is out after Stormy 2-Year Tenure The controversial director of the office that polices research fraud in U.S.-funded biomedical labs is temporarily moving to another agency. Kathy Partin has been removed after nearly two years as director of the U.S. Office of Research Integrity in Rockville, Maryland, according to Retraction Watch. [ScienceInsider] Editorial European Medicines Agency Will Move to Amsterdam The European Medicines Agency, charged with evaluating human and animal medicinal products for the European Union, will relocate to Amsterdam after it was selected in a draw of lots between it and Milan. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Hungary Rewards Highly Cited Scientists with Bonus Grants Some top researchers prosper in Hungary as country tries to improve its international standing in science. [Nature News] Editorial Sudden Shift at a Public Health Journal Leaves Scientists Feeling Censored For much of its 22-year existence, few outside the corner of science devoted to toxic chemicals paid much attention to the International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health. But now, a feud has erupted over the small academic publication, as its editorial board — the scientists who advise the journal’s direction and handle article submissions — has accused the journal’s new owner of suppressing a paper and promoting “corporate interests over independent science in the public interest.” [Pro Publica Inc.] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW SYStem – Symposium for the Next Generation of Stem Cell Researchers NEW Pluripotent Stem Cell Training NEW Pluripotent Stem Cell Training Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Bioengineer – Stem Cells (Scaled Biolabs Inc.) NEW Postdoctoral Researchers – Stem Cell Metabolism (University of Helsinki) NEW Postdoctoral Fellows – Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Stanford University) Quality Control Analyst – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Research Scientist – Global Research for Stem Cells (Novo Nordisk) Postdoctoral Fellow – iPSC Research (Kyoto University) Strategic Marketing Manager – Toxicology and Safety Pharmacology (Cellular Dynamics International) Head of Facility – Gene Editing and Embryology (European Molecular Biology Laboratory) Faculty Positions – Stem Cells or Organoid Models (Center for Stem Cell & Organoid Medicine) Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells, Development and Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine) Postdoctoral Position – Wound Healing (University of Connecticut Health Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Multiple Areas (University of Oklahoma) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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