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Pulmonary Cell News| ESC & iPSC News 14.00 January 9, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators showed that the Baf45 subunit Dpf2 maintained pluripotency and ESC differentiation potential. Dpf2 co-occupied enhancers with Oct4, Sox2, p300, and the BAF subunit Brg1, and deleting Dpf2 perturbed ESC self-renewal, induced repression of Tbx3, and impaired mesendodermal differentiation without dramatically altering Brg1 localization. [Cell Stem Cell] Full Article | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Lysosomal Signaling Licenses Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation via Inactivation of Tfe3 Researchers showed differentiation-specific and non-canonical regulation of Rag GTPase in ESCs and identified point mutations in a Tfe3 domain required for cytoplasmic inactivation as potentially causal for a human developmental disorder. [Cell Stem Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Direct Generation of Human Naive Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Somatic Cells in Microfluidics Expression of the OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and cMYC factors in combination with NANOG for 12 days generated naive iPSCs (niPSCs) that were free of transgenes, karyotypically normal and displayed transcriptional, epigenetic and metabolic features indicative of the naive state. Importantly, niPSCs efficiently differentiated into all three germ layers. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract Investigators provide detailed protocols that describe how to establish expanded-potential stem cells from single eight-cell-stage blastomeres or whole eight-cell pre-implantation mouse embryos, or by conversion of mouse ES cells or iPS cells reprogrammed from fibroblasts. [Nat Protoc] Abstract Using mouse ESCs, the authors showed that transposable elements (TEs) were suppressed by heterochromatic marks like H3K9me3, and were also labeled by all major types of chromatin modification in complex patterns, including bivalent activatory and repressive marks. They identified 29 epigenetic modifiers that significantly deregulated at least one type of TE. [Nat Commun] Full Article Type I Interferon Response Impairs Differentiation Potential of Pluripotent Stem Cells Scientists confirmed that only iPSCs failed to respond to viral RNA, type I interferon, or viral infection. To ascertain the consequences of restoring the antiviral response in the context of pluripotency, they engineered a system to engage these defenses in iPSCs. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article Researchers screened inhibitors of cell cycle progression and identified nocodazole as the most efficient small molecule to synchronize human PSCs (hPSCs) in the G2/M phase. Following nocodazole treatment, hPSCs remained pluripotent, retained a normal karyotype and could successfully differentiate into the three germ layers and functional cell types. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Bioenergetic Changes Underline Plasticity of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells Multiparametric bioenergetic analysis revealed that pluripotent and reversibly committed cells were energetically flexible, depending on both OXPHOS and glycolysis. They exhibited high mitochondrial respiration in the presence of the main energetic substrates and could also rely on glycolysis in the presence of OXPHOS inhibitor. [Stem Cells] Abstract Scientists used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B from iPSCs with heterogenous HLA-B and showed that the HLA-B knockout iPSCs resulted in less immunogenicity in HLA-B antisera than that in the control. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article Porcine-iPSCs were seeded at high cell density to a neural induction medium containing the dual Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD) inhibitors, a TGF-β inhibitor and BMP4 inhibitor. The dSMADi-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) showed NPC markers such as PLAG1, NESTIN and VIMENTIN and higher mRNA expression of Sox1 compared to the control. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Cell Therapy News & Mesenchymal Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSSirtuins in Metabolic and Epigenetic Regulation of Stem Cells The authors highlight current knowledge on sirtuins in stem cells, including their functions in pluripotent stem cells, embryogenesis, and development as well as their roles in adult stem cell maintenance, regeneration, and aging. [Trends Endocrinol Metab] Abstract Investigators review recent progress in defining the functional role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in stem cell biology with a specific focus on the underlying mechanisms. They also discuss recent findings on a new family of evolutionary conserved lncRNAs transcribed from ultraconserved elements, which show perfect conservation between human, mouse, and rat genomes, and that are emerging as new player in this complex scenario. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the ESC & iPSC research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSSana Biotechnology Launches Focusing on Engineering Cells to Create a New Class of Medicines Sana Biotechnology, Inc., a new company focused on creating and delivering engineered cells as medicines for patients, announced its launch. [Sana Biotechnology, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release ViaCyte, Inc. announced 165 new patents were issued in 2018. These issued patents provide protection to the company’s core technologies in the United States, European Union, and other jurisdictions around the world and further reinforce ViaCyte’s already strong intellectual property position in pluripotent cell-derived and implantable cell replacement therapies for insulin-requiring diabetes and other potential indications. [ViaCyte, Inc.] Press Release FUJIFILM Cellular Dynamics to Establish New Production Facility for iPS Cells for Cell Therapy FUJIFILM Cellular Dynamics, Inc. will establish a new cGMP-compliant production facility with an investment of about 21 million US dollars in order to enhance its production of iPS cells for cell therapy. [FUJIFILM Cellular Dynamics, Inc.] Press Release The FDA has warned Genetech, Inc. and its president, Edwin N. Pinos for marketing stem cell products without FDA approval and for significant deviations from current good tissue practice and current good manufacturing practice requirements, including some violations that may have led to microbial contamination, potentially causing serious blood infections in patients. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSColombia Creates Its First Science Ministry Colombian scientists are cautiously optimistic after the country’s Senate voted to create the nation’s first Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. [Nature News] Editorial Bipartisan Bill on Sexual Harassment Signals Strong Interest by Congress The new chairperson of and top Republican on the science committee in the US House of Representatives have teamed up to introduce legislation that would require federal research agencies to adopt a common policy on sexual harassment. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Taiwanese Biochemist Cleared of Corruption A Taiwanese court has cleared biochemist Wong Chi-huey of corruption. Wong, a former head of Taiwan’s foremost research institution, Academia Sinica, had been accused of accepting shares as a bribe for helping the Taiwanese biopharmaceutical firm OBI Pharma secure the rights to use enzyme-synthesis technology that he had developed. Wong denies he did anything illegal. [Nature News] Editorial Rusty Gage Named President of Salk Institute Following two stints as interim president, neuroscientist Rusty Gage has been appointed to a five-year term as the head of the Salk Institute, the institution announced. Gage stepped in for the previous president, Nobel laureate Elizabeth Blackburn, after she announced her retirement following several faculty members’ filings of gender discrimination lawsuits against the research organization. [The Scientist] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 2nd International Translational & Regenerative Medicine Conference Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Genetics and Epigenomics of iPSC Biology (Stanford University) Scientist – Cell Culture Media and Cell Line Development (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Advanced Research Assistant – Cellular Generation & Phenotyping (Wellcome Sanger Institute) Postdoctoral Fellows – Human iPSC Cell Differentiation Research (Boston Children’s Hospital) Assistant/Associate Adjunct Professor – Cardiovascular Medicine (UC Davis) Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells and Diabetes (A*STAR) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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