 | | Vol. 11.42 – 29 October, 2020 |
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| Researchers demonstrated that respiratory viral infection induced distinct fibroblast activation states, termed ECM-synthesizing, damage-responsive and interferon-responsive states.
[Nature] |
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 | | PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| To what extent stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment are transformed by colorectal cancer cells is unexplored.To dissect alterations in these non-malignant cells, researchers performed single-cell multiomics sequencing of 21 patients with microsatellite-stable colorectal cancers and six cancer-free, elderly individuals.
[Cancer Cell] |
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| Scientists observed that induced Treg, but not natural Treg, significantly inhibited the invasion of collagen-induced arthritis-synovial fibroblasts in both ECM gel and collagen gel condition.
[Science Advances] |
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| Researchers identified humanized bone to be formed by a mosaic of human and mouse collagen, structurally integrated within the same bone organ, as shown by immunohistochemistry. Combining this with materials science techniques, they investigated the ECM of specific human and mouse collagen regions.
[Science Advances] |
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| The fibrotic liver is characterized by the pathological accumulation of ECM proteins. Type VI collagen alpha3 is a biomarker of hepatic fibrosis, and its cleaved form, endotrophin (ETP), plays a critical role in adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance, and breast cancer development. Scientists studied the effects of the Col6a3-derived peptide ETP on the progression of chronic liver diseases, such as NASH and liver cancer.
[Experimental and Molecular Medicine] |
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| The advantage of approaches such as freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) printing is the ability to embed soft biomaterials in a thermoreversible support bath at sizes ranging from a few millimeters to centimeters. Researchers were able to expand this printable size range by FRESH bioprinting a full-size model of an adult human heart from patient-derived MRI data sets.
[ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering] |
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| Scientists combined data from secretome and proteome analysis using mass spectrometry with microarray data from mesenchymal transformed breast cancer cells to elucidate the drivers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell invasion.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| Researchers indicated that needle-injectable and biodegradable calcium peroxide-containing cryogels exhibited antimicrobial activity that holds great promise for a wide variety of biomedical applications, particularly when designing tissue engineering scaffolds.
[Scientific Reports] |
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| Hepatic fibrosis is a disease characterized by excessive deposition of ECM in the liver. The authors investigated whether β-arrestin2 regulated oxidative stress in hepatic fibrosis.
[Acta Pharmacologica Sinica] |
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| Researchers identified distinct cues in the tissue microenvironment that differentially drive neutrophil and macrophage responses to sterile injury. Using live imaging, they found a motile zone for neutrophils, but not macrophages, in collagen-free regions and identified a specific role for interleukin-6 receptor signaling in neutrophil responses to thermal damage.
[iScience] |
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| Dynamic molecular analysis at in vivo drug exposure levels revealed a network of 175 disease-associated proteins and identified common modules of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in vitro, related to mitochondrial and sarcomere function as well as ECM remodeling.
[Communications Biology] |
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| The authors revealed a distinct ossification-related tuberculosis lung signature, which may be associated with the activation of the BMP/SMAD/RUNX2 pathway in Mtb-infected macrophages that could restrain mycobacterial survival and promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
[Communications Biology] |
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| While sustained proliferation caused by oncogenic KRAS-downstream signaling is a main driver of carcinogenesis, there is increasing evidence that it also mediates autocrine effects and crosstalk with the tumour microenvironment (TME). Scientists discuss recent reports connecting KRAS mutations with tumour-promoting inflammation and immune modulation caused by KRAS that leads to immune escape in the TME.
[Nature Communications] |
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| The authors highlight the emerging role of prostate cancer (PCa)-derived extracellular vesicles in reprogramming osteoblasts and support of premetastatic niche formation. Advances in this field will be useful to further deconstruct the complexity of the bone-PCa microenvironment..
[Trends in Cancer] |
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| Investigators highlight how engineering approaches can be used to examine the impact of changes in tissue architecture, ECM composition (i.e., identity and levels of individual ECM components), and cellular- and tissue-level mechanics on tumor progression.
[iScience] |
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| Inivata announced a collaboration with Maverick Therapeutics for the use of Inivata’s RaDaR™ assay to monitor circulating tumor DNA in patients enrolled in the Phase I/II study of MVC-101, Maverick’s lead, conditionally active, T cell-engaging COBRA™ molecule designed to target epidermal growth factor receptor, taking advantage of the tumor microenvironment for T cell activation, triggering T cell-mediated tumor killing.
[Inivata Ltd.] |
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| CohBar, Inc. announced that combination of a CB5138 Analog with nintedanib, the leading standard of care for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, produced enhanced effects compared to nintedanib alone in mice. They showed that treatment with the combination of CB5138-2 and nintedanib produced greater reductions in fibrosis, inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and collagen deposition.
[CohBar, Inc.] |
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| April 11 – April 13, 2021
San Diego, California, United States |
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| | Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine – Blacksburg, Virginia, United States |
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| | Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute – Haining, Zhejiang, China |
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| | H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute – Tampa, Florida, United States |
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| | Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai – New York, New York, United States |
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| | Medical University of Vienna – Vienna, Austria |
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