Extracellular Matrix News 10.12 April 4, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers identified miR-204 as a markedly up-regulated microRNA in osteoarthritis cartilage. miR-204 was induced by transcription factors GATA4 and NF-κB in response to senescence signals. Up-regulated miR-204 simultaneously targeted multiple components of the sulfated proteoglycan (PG) biosynthesis pathway, effectively shutting down PG anabolism. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)In Vivo Topology Converts Competition for Cell-Matrix Adhesion into Directional Migration Investigators showed that stromal-cell derived factor 1 (Sdf1) and Sema3A antagonistically controlled cell-matrix adhesion via opposite effects on Rac1 activity at the single cell level. Directional migration at the population level emerged as a result of global Semaphorin-dependent confinement and broad activation of adhesion by Sdf1 in the context of a biased fibronectin distribution. [Nat Commun] Full Article Integrin Activation by the Lipid Molecule 25-Hydroxycholesterol Induces a Proinflammatory Response Treatment of macrophages and epithelial cells with oxysterol 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) resulted in an increase in activated αvβ3 integrin in podosome and focal adhesion matrix adhesion sites. Moreover, activation of pattern recognition receptor on macrophages induced secretion of 25HC, triggering integrin signaling and the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IL-6. [Nat Commun] Full Article Scientists demonstrated a procolonization and proinflammation role of MMP-10 in H. pylori infection. MMP-10 was elevated in gastric mucosa and was produced by gastric epithelial cells synergistically induced by H. pylori and IL-22 via the ERK pathway. [Sci Adv] Full Article Proximal tubules (PT)-specific nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt)-conditional knockout (Nampt CKO) mice exhibited TBM thickening and collagen deposition, which were associated with the upregulation of the profibrogenic gene TIMP-1. Nampt CKO mice also exhibited the downregulation of sirtuins, particularly in Sirt6. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers investigated whether hyaluronan contributed to the UVB-induced inflammatory responses in primary melanocytes. A single dose of UVB suppressed hyaluronan secretion and the expression of hyaluronan synthases HAS2, HAS3, the hyaluronan receptor CD44 and the hyaluronidase HYAL2, as well as induced the expression of inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL-8, CXCL-1 and CXCL-10. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract Anoikis Resistant Mediated by FASN Promoted Growth and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma The authors explored the functions of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in anoikis resistant (AR) osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo and studied the downstream effectors of FASN. They revealed that AR promoted cell proliferation and migration as determined by colony formation assay and transwell assay. In addition, AR assisted tumor growth in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Molecular docking, siRNA techniques, TGF-β1-treated renal cells and unilateral ureteral obstructed mice were used to explore the potential efficacy of the novel matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in mitigating the fibrotic process. [Mol Nutr Food Res] Abstract 3D Structure and Processing Methods Direct the Biological Attributes of ECM-Based Cardiac Scaffolds Investigators demonstrated minor differences in scaffold composition and micro-morphology as well as substantial differences in their mechanical properties, which arise from their production process, highly affected the interactions of the scaffolds with both proliferating cells and functional cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article 3D endothelial cell networks were generated by using human umbilical vein endothelial cells in combination with human adipose tissue derived stromal cells employing human collagen I as hydrogel and decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosa as starter matrix. Matrigel/rat tail collagen I hydrogel was used as control. [Sci Rep] Full Article Researchers showed that hyaluronan (HA) was involved in adipose-derived mesnchymal stem cell-extracellular vessicle (EV) internalization in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Indeed, both removal of HA matrix presence on FLSs and modulation of CD44 levels on EVs affected their recruitment. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Endothelial Cell News & Dermal Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSThe authors dissect the most recent identified mechanisms underlying cancer-associated fibroblast-mediated control of tumor progression and therapy resistance, which include induction of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activation of survival pathways or stemness-related programs and metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. [Mol Cancer] Full Article Thanks to recent technological advances in microscopy and protein engineering, it is now possible to localize single proteins in three dimensions inside integrin-dependent adhesion site (IAS), determine their diffusive behaviors, orientations, and how much mechanical force is transmitted across individual components. Investigators review how researchers have used those tools to investigate how IAS components assemble and dynamically interact to produce diverse functions of adhesive structures. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the extracellular matrix research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSGenerex Biotechnology Partner Olaregen Therapeutix Inc. Selected to Present a Formal Poster Session Generex Biotechnology Corporation announced that its subsidiary Olaregen Therapeutix, Inc. has been selected to present clinical data and a subset analysis of the Excellagen clinical trial dataset in a formal poster presentation. [Press release from Generex Biotechnology Corporation discussing research to be presented at the Diabetic Limb Salvage Meeting, Washington D.C] Press Release Anika to Highlight Regenerative Medicine and Orthobiologics Portfolio Anika Therapeutics, Inc. announced plans to showcase its regenerative medicine and orthobiologics portfolio. The global meeting will feature an educational symposium and hands-on simulated demonstrations on HYALOFAST, an hyaluronic acid-based scaffold for cartilage repair and regeneration, which anchors Anika’s regenerative medicine portfolio. [Press release from Anika Therapeutics, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 2019 Asia Pacific Orthopaedic Association (APOA) Sports Meeting, Kuala Lumpur] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSAmerican Cancer Society Awards New Research and Training Grants The American Cancer Society has approved funding for 93 research and training grants totaling $40,277,750 in the first of two grant cycles for 2019. The grants will fund investigators at 65 institutions across the United States; 86 are new grants while 7 are renewals of previous grants. [The American Cancer Society (EurekAlert)] Press Release The recipients of the AACR-Novocure Tumor Treating Fields research grants were announced on April 2 at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2019 in Atlanta. The grants represent a joint effort between Novocure and the AACR to promote and support innovative research on Tumor Treating Fields. [American Association for Cancer Research (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSRisky Stem-Cell Treatments Come Under FDA Scrutiny — Again The FDA warned rogue stem-cell clinics to stop selling unproven treatments that could harm patients. The agency’s latest effort, like most of its previous ones, consisted only of letters to companies and clinics. [The New York Times] Editorial India’s Clinical-Trial Rules to Speed Up Drug Approvals India has announced new rules for clinical trials that will speed up drug approvals and remove the requirement for large studies to test the efficacy of drugs that have already been approved in other nations. The country will also introduce regulations for universities undertaking research involving people. [Nature News] Editorial Staff Scientists at the University of California Set to Form a First-of-Its-Kind Union There are 5,000 of them within the University of California system, with titles like project scientist or professional researcher. They’re not on the tenure track, but they power one of the world’s most prolific research institutions. Now, organizers are in the final stages of setting up a first-of-its-kind union exclusively for academic researchers who are not faculty, postdocs, or graduate students. [STAT News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Gordon Research Seminar – Collagen Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Scientist – Therapeutics Discovery Division (MD Anderson Cancer Center) NEW Tenure-Track Lecturer – Molecular Biology (University of Cyprus) Scientist – Matrix Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Research – Modelling Bioabsorbable Vascular Scaffolds (NUI Galway) Postdoctoral Position – Vascular Tissue Engineering (BioTis) Faculty Position – Department of Bioengineering (University of Pittsburgh) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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