Extracellular Matrix News Volume 6.06 | Feb 19 2015

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    Extracellular Matrix News 6.06 February 19, 2015

    Extracellular Matrix News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Substrate Stress Relaxation Regulates Cell Spreading
    Scientists investigated the influence of extracellular matrix stress relaxation on cell behavior through computational modelling and cellular experiments. Both their computational model and experiments find that spreading for cells cultured on soft substrates that exhibit stress relaxation is greater than cells spreading on elastic substrates of the same modulus, but similar to that of cells spreading on stiffer elastic substrates.
    [Nat Commun]
    Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    ERK-Regulated αB-Crystallin Induction by Matrix Detachment Inhibits Anoikis and Promotes Lung Metastasis In Vivo
    Researchers report that αB-crystallin, an antiapoptotic molecular chaperone implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse poor-prognosis solid tumors, is induced by matrix detachment and confers anoikis resistance. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Biomineralized Matrices Dominate Soluble Cues to Direct Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Adenosine Signaling
    Scientists examined the mechanism through which mineralized matrix suppresses adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells to promote their osteogenic differentiation. [Biomacromolecules] Abstract

    hiPS-MSCs Differentiation towards Fibroblasts on a 3D ECM Mimicking Scaffold
    Investigators developed a functional extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking scaffold that is capable to supply spatial allocation of stem cells as well as anchorage and storage of growth factors to direct stem cells differentiate towards fibroblasts. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Static Stretch Affects Neural Stem Cell Differentiation in an Extracellular Matrix-Dependent Manner
    Researchers delivered a 10% static equibiaxial stretch to neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) and examined effects on differentiation. They found static stretch specifically impacts NSPC differentiation into oligodendrocytes, but not neurons or astrocytes, and this effect is dependent on particular extracellular matrix-integrin linkages. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    PTP-PEST and β8 Integrin Control Spatiotemporal Patterns of RhoGDI1 Activation in Migrating Cells
    β8 integrin and PTP-PEST form protein complexes at the leading edge of migrating cells, and balanced patterns of Rac1 and Cdc42 signaling by controlling the subcellular localization and phosphorylation status of rho GDP dissociation inhibitor 1 (RhoGDI1). [Mol Cell Biol] Abstract

    The Role of Multicellular Aggregation in the Survival of ErbB2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells during Extracellular Matrix-Detachment
    The authors identified a novel mechanism by which anoikis is inhibited in ErbB2 expressing cells: multicellular aggregation during extracellular matrix-detachment. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

    Compaction, Fusion, and Functional Activation of Three-Dimensional Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregate
    To assess the influence of actin-mediated contractility on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) aggregation and properties, actin modulators were added at different stages of aggregation and their impacts on hMSC aggregate compaction and apoptosis were monitored. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

    The Biophysical Properties of Basal Lamina Gels Depend on the Biochemical Composition of the Gel
    Investigators compared four different commercial variants of extracellular matrix, which have all had been purified according to the same protocol. They showed that these differences correlated with the mechanical properties and the microarchitecture of the gels which in turn arise from small variations in their biochemical composition. [PLoS One] Full Article

    A 3D In Situ Cell Counter Reveals That Breast Tumor Cell (MDA-MB-231) Proliferation Rate Is Reduced by the Collagen Matrix Density
    Using a breast tumor cell line, MDA-MB-231, as a model system, researchers demonstrated that MDA-MB-231 cells grew slower within a 3D collagen matrix than on a 2D substrate for an extended growth time with a comparable, initial cell-to-cell distance, and that their cell growth rate decreased with the increase of collagen concentration, showing a linear growth rate rather than an exponential growth rate. [Biotechnol Prog] Abstract

    Increased Microenvironment Stiffness in Damaged Myofibers Promotes Myogenic Progenitor Cell Proliferation
    Scientists studied the effect of damaged myofibers on myogenic progenitor cell (MPC) proliferation and determined whether the structural integrity of the microenvironment contributes to phenotypic changes. They showed that individual myofibers tend to shrink or collapse when cultured ex vivo starting from day 1 and that this is associated with a marked increase in the number of proliferative MPCs. [Skeletal Muscle]
    Abstract | Full Article

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    REVIEWS
    Matrix Metalloproteinases in Destructive Lung Disease
    Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play essential physiologic roles in numerous processes ranging from development to wound repair. Unfortunately, given the broad substrate specificity of the MMP family as a whole, aberrant degradation of extracellular matrix proteins can result in destructive disease. The author reviews key pathophysiological roles for MMPs in emphysema. [Matrix Biol] Full Article

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the extracellular matrix research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    AmnioLife Files Collagen Membrane Preservation Patent
    AmnioLife Corporation announced its plan to commercialize a minimally manipulated amniotic collagen matrix. The company has filed its third patent application related to its non-oxidative drying technology that was designed to preserve the bioavailability of collagen matrix proteins. [AmnioLife Corporation] Press Release

    Kaul Foundation Donates $7 Million for UAB Personalized Medicine Institute
    The Hugh Kaul Foundation has donated $7 million to the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) to establish the Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute at UAB. [University of Alabama at Birmingham]
    Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW SelectBio Stem Cells in Drug Discovery 2015
    June 2-3, 2015
    Cambridge, United Kingdom

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the extracellular matrix community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position in Mechanobiology (CIC Nanogune)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Tumor Cells in Altered Matrix Environments (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

    Director – Vector Production (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    Senior Process Development Engineer (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    PhD Studentship – Experimental Biophysics (ibidi GmbH)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Vascular Bioengineering (University of Pittsburgh)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Bioengineering and Cancer Biology (University of Minnesota)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Wnt Signaling in Development and Disease (Van Andel Research Institute)

    Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Extracellular Matrix Proteomics (Institute of Cancer Research)

    Postdoctoral Scientist – Extracellular Matrix and Cell/Tissue Stiffness (University of Pennsylvania)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Integrin Mediated Tumor Invasion and Metastasis (Stony Brook University)


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