Extracellular Matrix News Volume 6.43 | Nov 5 2015

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    Extracellular Matrix News 6.43 November 5, 2015

    Extracellular Matrix News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    New Force Sensing Method Reveals How Cells Sense Tissue Stiffness
    To measure the exerted molecular forces, researchers engineered two novel fluorescent biosensors that change their color in response to piconewton forces. By applying the method to the cell adhesion protein talin, they discovered the central mechanism that allows cells to feel their mechanical environment. [Press release from the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry discussing online prepublication in Nature Cell Biology]
    Press Release | Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Interplay between Cadherins and α2β1 Integrin Differentially Regulates Melanoma Cell Invasion
    Scientists found that α2β1 integrin associates with both E-cadherin and N-cadherin to form two adhesive networks, distinguishable by the interaction—or not—of α2β1 integrin with type I collagen. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

    Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Embryonic Stem Cells Directs Highly Uniform Embryoid Body Formation
    Researchers demonstrated that embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were successfully printed with hydrogel into three-dimensional macroporous construct. Upon process optimization, about 90% ESCs remained alive after the process of bioprinting and cell-laden construct formation. [Biofabrication] Full Article | Press Release

    A Chemomechanical Model of Matrix and Nuclear Rigidity Regulation of Focal Adhesion Size
    A chemomechanical model describing the growth dynamics of cell-matrix adhesion structures (i.e., focal adhesions (FAs)) was developed. Investigators showed that there are three regimes for FA evolution depending on their size. [Biophys J] Full Article

    Plasma Membrane Organization of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Resting and Ligand-Bound States
    Scientists used imaging total internal reflection-fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) dynamics on live CHO-K1 plasma membranes in resting and ligand-bound states. They found that overall EGFR organization is sensitive to both cholesterol and the actin cytoskeleton. [Biophys J] Full Article

    MMP14 as a Novel Downstream Target of VEGFR2 in Migratory Glioma-Tropic Neural Stem Cells
    The authors investigated the mechanisms of tumor-tropic migration of an FDA-approved neural stem cell (NSC) line by performing a gene expression analysis. They identified vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) and membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase (MMP14) as molecules whose expression are significantly elevated in migratory NSCs. [Stem Cell Res] Full Article

    Modifying Alginate with Early Embryonic Extracellular Matrix, Laminin and Hyaluronic Acid for Adipose Tissue Engineering
    A new material, HA-L-Alg, was synthesized by linking developmentally essential extracellular matrix constituents hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin(L) to alginate (Alg). HA-L-Alg encapsulated 3T3-L1 cells were found to have a higher proliferation rate over those in Alg-only beads. [J Biomed Mater Res A] Abstract

    Development of a Bovine Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-Biomaterial for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration
    Scientists aimed to develop a decellularized injectable bovine extracellular matrix material that maintains structural and compositional features of native tissue and promotes nucleus pulposus cell and mesenchymal stem cell adaption. [J Orthop Res] Abstract

    Jararhagin Disruption of Endothelial Cell Anchorage Is Enhanced in Collagen Enriched Matrices
    Investigators used two-dimension (2D) or three-dimension (3D) cultures of HUVECs on matrigel and observed the same characteristics as in ex vivo experiments: only the hemorrhagic toxin was able to localize on surfaces or internalize endothelial cells in 2D cultures or in the surface of tubules formed on 3D cultures. The contribution of matrigel, fibronectin and collagen matrices in jararhagin-induced endothelial cell damage was then analyzed. [Toxicon] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Extracellular Matrix Component Signaling in Cancer
    In the environment of tumors, there may be changes in cell populations and their receptor profiles as well as matrix constitution and protein cross-linking. The authors summarize roles of the three major matrix receptor types, with emphasis on how they function in tumor progression. [Adv Drug Deliv Rev] Full Article

    Biomaterials for In Situ Tissue Regeneration: Development and Perspectives
    The recent development of biomaterials used for in situ tissue regeneration is summarized, classified by sources and the design of biomaterials including physical design, chemical composition, and biological functionalization. [J Mat Chem B] Abstract

    Pharmacology of the Cell/Matrix Form of Adhesion
    The author focuses on cell/integrin adhesion based on two specific integrins, α5β1 and αvβ3, activated by the preferential binding of fibronectin, a unique extracellular matrix protein. [Pharmacol Res] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the Extracellular Matrix research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Major Funding for the Kidney Project from NIBIB Quantum Program
    The research journey toward building a fully functioning, surgically implantable artificial kidney as an alternative to kidney transplant and dialysis just took another step forward with the announcement of a $6 million grant to The Kidney Project, headquartered at the UCSF School of Pharmacy. [UCSF School of Pharmacy] Press Release | Video

    TSRI Team Wins $1.8 Million to Study Early Events in Cancer Metastasis
    Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have been awarded a grant of more than $1.8 million from the National Institutes of Health’s National Cancer Institute to investigate the molecular machinery involved in metastasis. [The Scripps Research Institute] Press Release

    Liver-Simulating Device Surpasses Animal-Based Alternatives
    The HEMIBIO consortium has set out to develop a device able to simulate the complex structure of the human liver and to make it available for preclinical toxicity testing as part of the SEURAT-1 initiative. [Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS)] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    Canada Creates Science-Minister Post
    Canada’s new prime minister, Justin Trudeau, created the post of Minister of Science as one of his first acts. Kirsty Duncan, a medical geographer at the University of Toronto, will be the first to hold the job. [Nature News] Editorial

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Stem Cell Models of Neural Regeneration and Disease International Symposium
    February 1-3, 2016
    Dresden, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the Extracellular Matrix community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Professor – Biomedical Science (The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences)

    Postdoctoral Position – Scaffold Design & Drug/Gene Delivery for Neural Tissue Engineering (Nanyang Technological University)

    Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cell Engineering Research (Nanyang Technological University)

    Postdoctoral Position – hPSC-Derived Cardiomyocyte Grafts in Injured Hearts (University Health Network)

    Faculty Position – Neuromuscular Bioengineering (Northwestern University)

    Postdoctoral Position – Structural Studies of Bacterial Protein Secretion (University of Brussels)

    Postdoctoral Position – Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (Northwestern University)

    Postdoctoral Position – Biomaterials for Cell Reprogramming (Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering)

    Director – Oncology Research (Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research)

    Director – Clinical Development (Novadip Biosciences)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Ex Vivo Tumor Organoid Models (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)


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