Targeting Megakaryocytic-Induced Fibrosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms by AURKA Inhibition Researchers showed through pharmacologic and genetic studies that aurora kinase A (AURKA) represents a new therapeutic target in primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Treatment with MLN8237, a selective AURKA inhibitor, promoted polyploidization and differentiation of megakaryocytes with PMF-associated mutations and had potent antifibrotic and antitumor activity in vivo in mouse models of PMF. [Nat Med] Abstract CLEC-2 in Megakaryocytes Is Critical for Maintenance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Bone Marrow The authors identified C-type lectin-like receptor-2 (CLEC-2) signaling as a novel molecular mechanism mediating the production of thrombopoietin and other factors for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells. [J Exp Med] Abstract The Role of CD44 in Fetal and Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Regulation Using a CD44-/- mouse model, conserved functional roles of CD44 are revealed throughout development: CD44 is critical in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor pools, as well as in hematopoietic stem cell migration. [Haematologica] Abstract | Full Article Primary Myeloma Interaction and Growth in Coculture with Healthy Donor Hematopoietic Bone Marrow Researchers established an interactive healthy donor whole bone marrow (BM) based culture system capable of maintaining prolonged survival of primary human primary myeloma cells. This normal BM coculture system was different from using autologous BM that is already affected by the disease. [BMC Cancer] Full Article SWI/SNF Subunits SMARCA4, SMARCD2 and DPF2 Collaborate in MLL-Rearranged Leukemia Maintenance Investigators explored the role of SMARCA4 and the two SWI/SNF subunits SMARCD2/BAF60B and DPF2/BAF45D in leukemia. They observed the selective requirement for these proteins for leukemic cell expansion and self-renewal in-vitro as well as in leukemia. [PLoS One] Full Article LPS-Stimulated Human Bone Marrow Stroma Cells Support Myeloid Cell Development and Progenitor Cell Maintenance Scientists showed that in addition to enhanced myeloid colony formation from human CD34+ cells, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation retains overall higher numbers of CD34+ cells in co-culture assays using bone marrow stromal cells, with eightfold more CD34+ cells that underwent up to three divisions as compared to non-stimulated assays. [Ann Hematol] Abstract Role of Neuropeptide Y in the Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cell Microenvironment Researchers demonstrated that neuropeptide Y deficient mice have significantly reduced hematopoietic stem cell numbers and impaired bone marrow regeneration due to apoptotic destruction of sympathetic nervous system fibers and/or endothelial cells. [BMB Rep] Abstract | Download Full Article CLINICAL RESEARCH Addition of Sorafenib versus Placebo to Standard Therapy in Patients Aged 60 Years or Younger with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (SORAML): A Multicenter, Phase II, Randomized Controlled Trial The authors investigated the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib versus placebo in addition to standard chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia aged 60 years or younger. [Lancet Oncol] Abstract Thiotepa-Based High-Dose Therapy for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study from the EBMT Investigators evaluated potential risks and benefits of thiotepa-based preparative regimens compared with BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) in auto-stem cell transplantation for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma or Hodgkin lymphoma. [Bone Marrow Transplant] Abstract |