Hepatic Cell News 2.28 July 27, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYCombination of Sorafenib with cyclin dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) inhibition synergistically impaired hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting both tumor cell proliferation and migration. A LC-MS/MS based proteomic approach revealed that Cdk5 inhibition interfered with intracellular trafficking, a process crucial for cellular homeostasis and growth factor receptor signaling. [Hepatology] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)The transcriptional co-activator, Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a critical oncogene in several cancers, including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Following recent evidence showing that YAP is regulated by angiotensin II, researchers investigated the effects of an angiotensin receptor blocker, losartan, on two human CCA cell lines with regards to YAP oncogenic regulation. [Cancer Lett] Abstract NADPH Oxidase 5 Promotes Proliferation and Fibrosis in Human Hepatic Stellate Cells Researchers described the expression and functional relevance of NADPH oxidase 5 (Nox5) in the human cell line of hepatic stellate cells LX-2. Functional studies showed that both Nox5β and Nox5ε stimulated the proliferation of LX-2 cells and the collagen type I levels, while Nox5 siRNAs inhibited these effects. [Free Radic Biol Med] Abstract | Graphical Abstract RNA Binding Proteins Control Transdifferentiation of Hepatic Stellate Cells into Myofibroblasts Depleting insulin like growth factor 2 binding protein 3 changed the expression of thousands of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) genes, including multiple targets of TGF-β signaling, and caused HSCs to reacquire a less proliferative, less myofibroblastic phenotype. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article Scientists investigated the effects of Cangju Qinggan Jiangzhi decoction (CQJD) on high fat diet and methionine-choline deficient induced mouse nonalcoholic steatohepatitis pathogenesis. CQJD treatment largely normalized the hepatic injury, lowered the ALT/AST level, and reduced the severity of liver inflammation, as revealed by the decreased inflammatory cytokines levels. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article In mice subjected to 2/3 partial hepatectomy, miR-194 was up-regulated in liver tissues in correlation with hepatocyte growth and in parallel with the down-regulation of the activin receptor ACVR2B. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that ACVR2B was a direct target of miR-194, and overexpression of ACVR2B significantly repressed cell proliferation and G1 to S phase transition and induced cell apoptosis. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Transcriptomic Analysis of Hepatic Cells in Multicellular Organotypic Liver Models Using an organotypic three-dimensional hepatic culture, scientists reported the first transcriptomic study of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs) cultured with hepatocytes. Through computational pathway and interaction network analyses, they demonstrated that hepatocytes, LSECs and KCs had distinct expression profiles and functional characteristics. [Sci Rep] Full Article Cyclooxygenase-2 Up-Regulates Hepatic Somatostatin Receptor 2 Expression In vivo, the up-regulated somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR-2) in liver cirrhosis was inhibited by the addition of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, such as celecoxib. In vitro, the up-regulation of COX-2 by either transfection with COX-2 plasmids or treatment with thioacetamide increased levels of SSTR-2 and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein in the human hepatocyte cell line L02. [Sci Rep] Full Article The reduction in hepatic fibrosis in secretin (Sct)-/-, secretin receptor (SR)-/-, and Sct-/-/SR-/- bile duct ligated (BDL) mice was accompanied by reduced TGF-β1 levels in serum and cholangiocyte supernatant, as well as decreased expression of markers of cellular senescence in cholangiocytes in contrast to enhanced cellular senescence in hepatic stellate cells compared to BDL wild-type mice. [Am J Pathol] Abstract To investigate the role of miR-122 in the development and regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in vitro, researchers used multicellular 3D human liver organoids developed in their laboratory. These organoids consisted of primary human hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, quiescent stellate cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. [PLoS One] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Intestinal Cell News & Pancreatic Cell News. | |
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REVIEWSPotential Mechanisms Underlying the Role of Coffee in Liver Health The authors summarize the evidence on potential mechanisms by which coffee affects liver steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatic carcinogenesis. The experimental models reviewed almost unanimously supported the theorem that coffee indeed may benefit the liver. [Semin Liver Dis] Abstract Coagulation, Microenvironment and Liver Fibrosis The researchers focus on the impact of coagulation in liver fibrogenesis, describe receptors and pathways involved and explore the potential antifibrotic properties of drugs active in hemostasis in studies with cells, animal models of liver damage and humans. [Cells] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the hepatic cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSContraVir Pharmaceuticals Reports Progress in Phase I/IIA Trial of CRV431 ContraVir Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has completed dosing of the first cohort in Part 1 of the Phase I/IIA trial of CRV431. [ContraVir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Assembly Biosciences, Inc. announced that the FDA has granted Fast Track designation to ABI-H0731 for the treatment of patients with chronic Hepatitis B infection. [Assembly Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release Immuron Announces It Has Received a European Patent Grant for NASH Treatment Immuron Limited announced that the European Patent Office has decided to grant a patent for the use of a composition for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). [Immuron (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSPresident Trump can add another tick in the records column: He doubled the length of time that any modern president has gone without a science adviser. [Washington Post] Editorial The UK and Indian governments signaled their commitment to a deeper relationship by jointly announcing four new awards worth £4.8 million under the Civil Nuclear Energy program and seven new awards worth £10.8 million under Phase 2 of the Global research program on health. [GOV.UK] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2018 Congress Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Research (Northwestern University) Postdoctoral Position – High-Throughput Functional Screening of iPSC-Derived Models (KU Leuven) Postdoctoral Position – Liver Cancer Translational Research (IDIBAPS) Postdoctoral Fellows – Translational Oncology (Baylor College of Medicine) Postdoctoral Fellow – Liver Cancer (Loyola University Chicago) Postdoctoral Position – Necroptosis in Liver Diseases (Inserm) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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