Human Immunology News Volume 1.02 | Mar 26 2013

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    Human Immunology News 1.02 March 26, 2013

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         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    T-Cell Therapy Eradicates an Aggressive Leukemia in Two Children
    Two children with an aggressive form of childhood leukemia had a complete remission of their disease-showing no evidence of cancer cells in their bodies-after treatment with a novel cell therapy that reprogrammed their immune cells to rapidly multiply and destroy leukemia cells. [Press release from Penn Medicine discussing the online prepublication in The New England Journal of Medicine]
    Press Release | Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

    Terminally Differentiated CD8+ T Cells Negatively Affect Bone Regeneration in Humans 
    Studies revealed that delayed fracture healing significantly correlated with enhanced levels of terminally differentiated CD8+ effector memory T cells(CD3+CD8+CD11a++CD28-CD57+ T cells) in peripheral blood. This difference was long lasting, reflecting rather the individual’s immune profile in response to lifelong antigen exposure than a post-fracture reaction. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

    CD19-Targeted T Cells Rapidly Induce Molecular Remissions in Adults with Chemotherapy-Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
    The authors treated five relapsed B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia subjects with autologous T cells expressing a CD19-specific CD28/CD3ζ second-generation dual-signaling chimeric antigen receptor termed 19-28z. All patients with persistent morphological disease or minimal residual disease (MRD)+ upon T cell infusion demonstrated rapid tumor eradication and achieved MRD complete remissions as assessed by deep sequencing polymerase chain reaction. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

    Sensitization via Healthy Skin Programs Th2 Responses in Individuals with Atopic Dermatitis
    Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) have been shown to make effective virus-specific Th1 responses, raising the possibility that the skin itself contributes to driving the AD Th2 immuno-phenotype. To explore the programming of immunological sensitization by the skin, investigators examined the outcome of sensitization through non-lesional skin of AD and healthy controls. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract

    Pathophysiological Hypoxia Affects the Redox State and IL-2 Signaling of Human CD4+ T Cells and Concomitantly Impairs Survival and Proliferation
    The authors investigated the impact of hypoxia on survival, proliferation, cytokine secretion, intracellular energy and redox state of human CD4+ T cells. They found that pathophysiological hypoxia significantly decreased CD4+ T-cell survival after mitogenic stimulation. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

    1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Suppresses TLR8 Expression and TLR8-Mediated Inflammatory Responses in Monocytes In Vitro and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo
    Scientists aimed to determine whether the anti-immune/anti-inflammatory action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is in part mediated through an interplay between 1,25(OH)2D3 and toll-like receptor (TLR)7/8 signaling. [PLoS One] Full Article

    NOD-Like Receptors Mediated Activation of Eosinophils Interacting with Bronchial Epithelial Cells: A Link between Innate Immunity and Allergic Asthma
    Researchers elucidated the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and NOD2-mediated activation of human eosinophils, the principal effector cells for allergic inflammation, upon interacting with human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells in allergic asthma. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

    Fraction of IL-10+ and IL-17+ CD8 T Cells Is Increased in MS Patients in Remission and during a Relapse, but Is Not Influenced by Immune Modulators
    Circulating proportions of CD8+ T cell subsets, including IL-17 and IL-10 producing cells, were assessed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a possible effect of beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, and vitamin D on these cell subsets was investigated. [J Neuroimmunol] Abstract

    Multifunctional T-Cell Analyses to Study Response and Progression in Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy
    Researchers investigated the in vivo functional activity and dynamics of transferred cells by analyzing samples from three representative patients with melanoma enrolled in a clinical trial of adoptive cell transfer with T-cell receptor transgenic T cells targeted against the melanosomal antigen MART-1. [Cancer Discov] Abstract | Press Release

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    REVIEWS

    Type 1 Diabetes: Translating Mechanistic Observations into Effective Clinical Outcomes
    The authors discuss the findings that have led to the current concepts of the disease mechanisms involved in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the clinical studies promoted by these studies. The findings from preclinical and clinical studies support the original proposed model for how T1D develops but have also suggested that this disease is more complex than was originally thought and will require broader treatment approaches. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract

    Protective Autoantibodies in the Rheumatic Diseases: Lessons for Therapy
    The immune system incorporates homeostatic pathways for essential housekeeping functions that involve recognition of oxidation-modified endogenous molecules. Now, the properties of a physiological class of natural autoantibodies, which seem to modulate the severity or even prevent the onset of autoimmune disease, are beginning to be defined. [Nat Rev Rheumatol] Abstract

    Regulation of Mevalonate Metabolism in Cancer and Immune Cells
    This review summarizes major effects of pharmacologic mevalonate pathway regulation in cancer and immune cells that may collaboratively contribute to the efficacy of cancer therapy. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

    INDUSTRY NEWS

    Cellular Biomedicine Group Marks the Launch of China Clinical Trial for TC-DC Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Cellular Biomedicine Group announced that the company launched a clinical trial for TC-DC (Tumor Stem Cell Specific Dendritic Cell) therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer. The clinical trial is the result of collaboration between CBMG, California Stem Cell and Shanghai’s PLA 85 Hospital. It is the first immune cell clinical trial of its kind in China. [Cellular Biomedicine Group]
    Press Release

    European Patent Office to Grant Patent for Macrocure’s CureXcell®

    Macrocure announced that the European Patent Office intends to grant a European patent covering Marcocure’s flagship product, CureXcell®. CureXcell® is a novel approach to treating hard-to-heal wounds by replenishing the imbalanced inflammatory environment in non-healing wounds with a broad array of functionally-active allogeneic immune cells. [Macrocure] Press Release

    St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital Announces Issuance of U.S. Patent for Genetically Modified Human Immune Cells for Cancer Therapy
    The United States Patent and Trademark Office awarded St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital U.S. patent number 8,399,645 for St. Jude’s invention of compositions for genetically modifying human immune cells so they can destroy some of the most common forms of cancer in children and adults. [St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital] Press Release

    POLICY NEWS

    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

    EVENTS

    NEW Controversies in Rheumatology & Autoimmunity (CORA) 2013
    April 4-6, 2013
    Budapest, Hungary

    NEW 26th Annual Canadian Society for Immunology (CSI) Conference
    April 5-8, 2013
    Whistler, Canada

    Visit
    our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Faculty Position – Human Immunology (Translational Health Science and Technology Institute)

    Faculty Positions – Human and Translational Immunology (Yale University)

    Research Fellow – Readership in Immunology (University of Edinburgh)

    Research Positions at Postdoctoral or PhD Level – Molecular Inflammation Research  (NTNU)

    Postdoctoral Position – Type 1 Diabetes and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (University of Florida)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Medical Science (University of Oslo)

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