Terminally Differentiated CD8+ T Cells Negatively Affect Bone Regeneration in Humans Studies revealed that delayed fracture healing significantly correlated with enhanced levels of terminally differentiated CD8+ effector memory T cells(CD3+CD8+CD11a++CD28-CD57+ T cells) in peripheral blood. This difference was long lasting, reflecting rather the individual’s immune profile in response to lifelong antigen exposure than a post-fracture reaction. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release CD19-Targeted T Cells Rapidly Induce Molecular Remissions in Adults with Chemotherapy-Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia The authors treated five relapsed B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia subjects with autologous T cells expressing a CD19-specific CD28/CD3ζ second-generation dual-signaling chimeric antigen receptor termed 19-28z. All patients with persistent morphological disease or minimal residual disease (MRD)+ upon T cell infusion demonstrated rapid tumor eradication and achieved MRD– complete remissions as assessed by deep sequencing polymerase chain reaction. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release Sensitization via Healthy Skin Programs Th2 Responses in Individuals with Atopic Dermatitis Individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) have been shown to make effective virus-specific Th1 responses, raising the possibility that the skin itself contributes to driving the AD Th2 immuno-phenotype. To explore the programming of immunological sensitization by the skin, investigators examined the outcome of sensitization through non-lesional skin of AD and healthy controls. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract Pathophysiological Hypoxia Affects the Redox State and IL-2 Signaling of Human CD4+ T Cells and Concomitantly Impairs Survival and Proliferation The authors investigated the impact of hypoxia on survival, proliferation, cytokine secretion, intracellular energy and redox state of human CD4+ T cells. They found that pathophysiological hypoxia significantly decreased CD4+ T-cell survival after mitogenic stimulation. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Suppresses TLR8 Expression and TLR8-Mediated Inflammatory Responses in Monocytes In Vitro and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo Scientists aimed to determine whether the anti-immune/anti-inflammatory action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is in part mediated through an interplay between 1,25(OH)2D3 and toll-like receptor (TLR)7/8 signaling. [PLoS One] Full Article NOD-Like Receptors Mediated Activation of Eosinophils Interacting with Bronchial Epithelial Cells: A Link between Innate Immunity and Allergic Asthma Researchers elucidated the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and NOD2-mediated activation of human eosinophils, the principal effector cells for allergic inflammation, upon interacting with human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells in allergic asthma. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract Fraction of IL-10+ and IL-17+ CD8 T Cells Is Increased in MS Patients in Remission and during a Relapse, but Is Not Influenced by Immune Modulators Circulating proportions of CD8+ T cell subsets, including IL-17 and IL-10 producing cells, were assessed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a possible effect of beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, and vitamin D on these cell subsets was investigated. [J Neuroimmunol] Abstract Multifunctional T-Cell Analyses to Study Response and Progression in Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy Researchers investigated the in vivo functional activity and dynamics of transferred cells by analyzing samples from three representative patients with melanoma enrolled in a clinical trial of adoptive cell transfer with T-cell receptor transgenic T cells targeted against the melanosomal antigen MART-1. [Cancer Discov] Abstract | Press Release Don’t forget to subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News and Immune Regulation News! |