Human Immunology News Volume 1.30 | Oct 8 2013

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    Human Immunology News 1.30 October 8, 2013

    Human Immunology News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    STAT-3 Activation by Differential Cytokines Is Critical for Human In Vivo-Generated Plasma Cell Survival and Ig Secretion
    Investigators analyzed the effect of IL-10, IL-21, and IL-6 on human in vivo-generated plasma cells (PCs) isolated from secondary lymphoid organs, blood (circulating, recently Ag-induced PCs), and bone marrow. PCs from these different organs show specific profiles of receptors for, and responsiveness to, these cytokines required for their survival and sustained Ab secretion. [J Immunol] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Increased Prevalence of Circulating Novel IL-17 Secreting Foxp3 Expressing CD4+ T Cells and Defective Suppressive Function of Circulating Foxp3+ Regulatory Cells Support Plasticity Between Th17 and Regulatory T Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
    Scientists investigated the circulating IL-17 and Foxp3 double expressing CD4+ T lymphocytes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The entire cohort consisted of 79 subjects: 31 patients with Crohn’s disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 20 healthy control subjects. [Inflamm Bowel Dis] Abstract

    Macrophage Phenotype in the Subclinical Gut Inflammation of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
    Long-term evolution of subclinical gut inflammation to overt Crohn’s disease has been described in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. The authors aimed to evaluate macrophage polarization occurring in the inflamed gut of patients with AS. [Rheumatology] Abstract

    Pro-Inflammatory Action of MIF in Acute Myocardial Infarction via Activation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple inflammatory disorders. Scientists determined changes in circulating MIF levels, explored the cellular source of MIF, and studied the role of MIF in mediating inflammatory responses following acute myocardial infarction. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Adipocytokine Profile, Cytokine Levels and Foxp3 Expression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Possible Link to Susceptibility and Clinical Course of Disease
    Adipocytokines may be involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as other autoimmune and inflammatory-related diseases. Researchers compared levels of resistin, visfatin and leptin in three subgroups of MS patients with healthy subjects and also studied their relationship with Foxp3 expression and levels of several pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1 β,tumor necrosis factor-α and human sensitive C-reactive protein. [PLoS One] Full Article

    General Immune Dampening Is Associated with Disturbed Metabolism at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes
    An attempt has been made to describe how clinical and immunological deviations might influence each other close to the diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes. [Pediatr Res] Abstract

    Upregulation of the Inhibitory Receptor ILT4 in Monocytes from Septic Patients
    Immunoglobulin like transcript 4 (ILT4) expression, endotoxin-induced IL-12 and IL-10 production and CD86 expression were investigated in circulating monocytes from 16 patients with severe sepsis and 16 age and sex matched controls. Researchers found that monocytes from patients with severe sepsis express significantly higher levels of ILT4 than monocytes from controls. [Hum Immunol] Abstract

    Involvement of Th17 Cells in Patients of Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder
    The authors assessed expression of Th17 related cytokines, RORγt and distribution of Th17 cells to understand its involvement in bladder cancer. [Hum Immunol] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Targeting Co-Stimulatory Pathways: Transplantation and Autoimmunity
    The authors outline the functional importance of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules in transplantation, tolerance and autoimmunity, and describe how therapeutic blockade of these pathways might be harnessed to manipulate the immune response to prevent or attenuate pathological immune responses. [Nat Rev Nephrol] Abstract

    Oxidative Stress in the Pathology and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    The authors evaluate the complexity of oxidative stress and its relevance to the pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. [Nat Rev Rheumatol] Abstract

    Targeting Interleukin-6 in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases and Cancers
    Based on the rich body of studies on biological activities of IL-6 and its pathological roles, therapeutic strategies targeting the interleukin (IL)-6 pathway are in development for cancers, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Several anti-IL-6/IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies developed for targeted therapy have demonstrated promising results in both preclinical studies and clinical trials. [Pharmacol Ther] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Aubagio® Significantly Reduced Risk of New Clinical Relapse or MRI Lesion in Multiple Sclerosis Study
    Genzyme, a Sanofi company, announced positive new data from the TOPIC study of its once-daily, oral Aubagio® (teriflunomide). The TOPIC trial was designed to assess whether early initiation of Aubagio in patients who experienced their first neurological symptoms suggestive of MS could prevent or delay a second clinical attack, i.e., conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis. [Press release from Genzyme Corporation, a Sanofi company discussing research presented at the 29th Congress of the European Committee for Research and Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS), Copenhagen] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Cancer Vaccine Company DCPrime and Janssen to Collaborate on Potential New Therapy
    DCPrime BV announced that it has entered into a research and optional license agreement with Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The collaboration has been facilitated in conjunction with the Johnson & Johnson London Innovation Centre, where a team of business, science and transaction experts are identifying and building novel early-stage collaborations with emerging companies. [DCPrime BV] Press Release

    EMD Serono Makes First Awards as Part of the Company’s One Million Euro Grant for Multiple Sclerosis Innovation
    EMD Serono, Inc., a subsidiary of Merck KGaA announced the recipients of the company’s inaugural Grant for Multiple Sclerosis Innovation. Four recipients, three from the United States and one from Germany, will share the overall €1 million grant to support their research. [EMD Serono, Inc.] Press Release

    Xencor’s XmAb5871 Enters Phase IIa Study for Autoimmune Disease
    Xencor, Inc. announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase IIa part of its ongoing Phase Ib/IIa clinical trial of XmAb®5871 in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. XmAb5871 is the first in Xencor’s class of therapeutic antibodies targeting the FcγRIIb pathway in B cells, which shows potential to suppress autoimmune disorders without the side effects caused by B cell depletion. [Xencor, Inc.] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 11th International Conference on Innate Immunity
    June 1-6, 2014
    Olympia, Greece

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW PhD Fellowship – Chronic Vagus Nerve Stimulation as Therapy for Colitis (KU Leuven)

    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Autoimmunity (University of Chicago)

    Laboratory Supervisor – Molecular Immunology and Immune Evasion (Cambridge Institute for Medical Research [CIMR])

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Bioinformatics in Human Immunology Research (Singapore Immunology Network [A*STAR])

    Postdoctoral Scientist – Melanoma Biology (Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute)

    PhD Research Position – Immune Tolerance and Autoimmunity (Weizmann Institute of Science)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Mesenchymal Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Cell Culture Media & Matrices (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Quality Control Analyst – Media (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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