Human Immunology News Volume 2.20 | May 27 2014

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    Human Immunology News 2.20 May 27, 2014

    Human Immunology News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    New Study Offers ‘Tremendous Hope’ for Allergic Asthma Sufferers
    Investigators found that giving a mild allergic asthma patient an antibody – which blocks a specific protein in the lungs – significantly improves symptoms such as wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing after patients had inhaled an environmental allergen. [Press release from McMaster University discussing online prepublication in The New England Journal of Medicine] Press Release | Full Article
    How Ex Vivo Models Drive Progress in HIV Research: Read the Research Profiles

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Ipilimumab versus Placebo after Radiotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer That Had Progressed after Docetaxel Chemotherapy (CA184-043): A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Trial
    Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 to enhance antitumor immunity. Scientists assessed the use of ipilimumab after radiotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that progressed after docetaxel chemotherapy. [Lancet Oncol]
    Abstract | Press Release

    IL-15.IL-15Rα Complex Shedding following Trans-Presentation Is Essential for the Survival of IL-15 Responding Natural Killer and T Cells
    Investigators define an unprecedented cytokine pathway in which the interleukin (IL)-15.IL-15Rα complex cleaved from presenting cells allows responding cells to internalize, store and use IL-15.IL-15Rα complex for their own proliferation and survival. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

    Increased Mitochondrial Apoptotic Priming of Human Regulatory T Cells after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
    Quantitation of mitochondrial apoptotic priming was used to compare susceptibility of regulatory T cells, conventional CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells to intrinsic pathway apoptosis in 57 patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 25 healthy donors. [Haematologica] Abstract | Full Article

    MiRNome and Transcriptome Aided Pathway Analysis in Human Regulatory T Cells
    Scientists simultaneously analyzed miR and mRNA transcript levels in resting and activated human regulatory T cells in comparison with non-regulatory conventional T cells. [Genes Immun] Abstract

    Enterococcus faecalis from Healthy Infants Modulates Inflammation through MAPK Signaling Pathways
    Investigators demonstrated that E. faecalis, isolated from healthy newborns, suppress inflammatory responses activated in vivo and in vitro. They found E. faecalis attenuates proinflammatory cytokine secretions, especially interleukin-8, through JNK and p38 signaling pathways. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Human Lung Epithelial Cells Contain Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Late Endosomal Vacuole and Are Efficiently Recognized by CD8+ T Cells
    Researchers demonstrated that airway epithelial cells efficiently stimulate interferon gamma release by M. tuberculosis-reactive CD8+ T cells as well as HLA-B45 and HLA-E restricted T cell clones. [PLoS One]
    Full Article

    Reconstitution of Regulatory T-Cell Subsets after Allogeneic Hematopoietic SCT
    The reconstitution of total and subsets of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was prospectively analyzed by flow cytometry in 185 consecutive recipients at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The levels of total, naive and memory Tregs increased, mainly within the memory subset, but remained lower than healthy controls up to 2 years after transplantation. [Bone Marrow Transplant] Abstract

    The CD4 T Cell Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
    Prior immunization with a formalin-inactivated (FI-RSV) vaccine resulted in enhanced disease in infants following a natural respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. A T helper 2 CD4 T cell response has been implicated to be a major contributor in mediating vaccine-enhanced disease. [Immunol Res] Abstract

    Expression and Effects of High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Cervical Cancer
    Researchers investigated the significance of high-mobility group box1 (HMGB1) and T-cell-mediated immunity and prognostic value in cervical cancer. HMGB1, forkhead/winged helix transcription factor p3, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-10 protein expression was analyzed in 100 cervical tissue samples including cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and healthy control samples using immunohistochemistry. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract

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    A New System for High-Throughput Cell Isolation Directly from Whole Blood

     
    REVIEWS
    Emerging Role of IL-17 and Th17 Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    IL-17 blockers have moved successfully into the clinical space, as illustrated in psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis. However, recent fundamental studies highlighted unexpected aspects of IL-17/Th17 biology whose comprehension may prevent disappointing results of IL-17 targeting such as those obtained in Crohn’s disease. [Clin Immunol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Generex Announces Presentation of Primary Efficacy Data & Immunological Response from the Phase II Study of AE37 Cancer Vaccine
    Generex Biotechnology Corporation announced two upcoming presentations demonstrating that certain patients with early stage breast cancer who receive AE37 may benefit in terms of reduced risk of relapse. AE37 was designed to generate a robust response to the HER2 protein, particularly in CD4+ T helper cells, which have been shown to be critical in the generation of a new immune response. [Press release from Generex Biotechnology Corporation discussing research to be presented at the 2014 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

    Immunovaccine’s Novel Immunotherapy Triggers Partial Response and Generates Potent Immune Responses in Ovarian Cancer Clinical Study
    Immunovaccine Inc. announced new positive clinical data on the Company’s lead cancer vaccine candidate, DPX-Survivac. Results presented from the Phase I/Ib clinical study demonstrate promising early evidence of clinical activity for DPX-Survivac in ovarian cancer patients, including one patient who experienced a partial response. [Press release from Immunovaccine Inc. discussing research to be presented at the 2014 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

    ‘Encouraging’ Period of Stable Disease Suggested in Direct Injection Vaccine Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
    Research shows that the ‘first in man’ series of vaccine injections given directly into a pancreatic cancer tumor is not only well tolerated, but also suggests an “encouraging” period of stable disease. [Press release from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey discussing research presented at the AACR Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment Conference, New Orleans] Press Release

    SMi present their inaugural conference on Immunogenicity

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Bristol-Myers Squibb and Incyte Enter Clinical Collaboration Agreement to Evaluate Combination Regimen of Two Novel Immunotherapies
    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and Incyte Corporation announced the establishment of a clinical trial collaboration to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of a combination regimen of Bristol-Myers Squibb’s investigational PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, and Incyte’s oral indoleamine dioxygenase-1 inhibitor, INCB24360, in a Phase I/II study. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

    Prima’s CVac Patent Application Receives US Notice of Allowance Prima BioMed Ltd.
    Prima BioMed Ltd. announced that the company received a Notice of Allowance from the United States Patent and Trademark Office for Patent Application 11/561,204 “Compositions for immunotherapy and uses thereof” which protects its CVac™ technology; currently in development for ovarian and pancreatic cancer. This application protects the method of composition and method of use of Prima’s CVac for the generation of a cytotoxic T cell response against the mucin 1 antigen. [Prima Biomed Ltd.] Press Release

    Calibr Receives Grant from the Wellcome Trust to Develop a Novel Immunotherapy to Treat Prostate Cancer
    The California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr) has received a Translation Award from the Wellcome Trust to develop a novel semi-synthetic antibody-based immunotherapy to treat hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The novel therapeutic agent engages the patient’s own immune system to selectively destroy prostate tumor cells. [PR Newswire Association, LLC] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW IBC’s 25th Annual Antibody Engineering & Therapeutics Conference
    December 7-11, 2014
    Huntington Beach, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Senior Scientist – Immunology (Alector LLC)

    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin)

    NEW Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Cellular Immunology (Alector LLC)

    PhD Candidate – Immune Monitoring (Erasmus MC)

    Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer Research (University of Chicago)

    PhD Studentship – Characterization of Human Antibodies Removed from the Repertoire in Central Tolerance (King’s College London)

    Principal Investigator – Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation (Inflammation Research Center – VIB-UGent)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Inflammatory Mechanisms in Chronic Rhinosinusitis (Johns Hopkins University)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Systemic Autoimmunity (Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation)

    Director of GMP/GLP Quality Operations (University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine)

    PhD Research Position – Immune Tolerance and Autoimmunity (Weizmann Institute of Science)

    Research Technologist – hPSC (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – PSC Biology and Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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