Sirolimus-Based Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis Promotes the In Vivo Expansion of Regulatory T Cells and Permits Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation from Haploidentical Donors Scientists explored in 121 patients, mostly with advanced stage diseases, a sirolimus-based, calcineurin-inhibitor-free prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease to allow the infusion of unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cell grafts from partially HLA-matched family donors. [Leukemia] Abstract Human Memory T Cells from the Bone Marrow Are Resting and Maintain Long-Lasting Systemic Memory Researchers showed that human bone marrow professional memory T cells are not activated but are resting in terms of proliferation, transcription, and mobility. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract Abnormally Differentiated CD4+ or CD8+ T-Cells with Phenotypic and Genetic Features of Double Negative T-Cells in Human Fas Deficiency Researchers showed that human autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) double negative T cells have features of terminally differentiated effector memory CD45RA+ (TREMA) cells, but are CD27+CD28+KLRG1– and do not express the transcription factor T-bet. This unique phenotype was also detected among CD4+ or CD8+ ALPS TEMRA cells. [Blood] Abstract IL-1β Promotes the Differentiation of Polyfunctional Human CCR6+CXCR3+ Th1/17 Cells That Are Specific for Pathogenic and Commensal Microbes Scientists examined CCR6+CXCR3+ Th1/17 cells from healthy individuals and found that ex vivo these cells produced the effector cytokines IL-17, IL-22, and IFN-γ in all possible combinations and were highly responsive to both IL-12 and IL-23. [J Immunol] Abstract Hemin Controls T Cell Polarization in Sickle Cell Alloimmunization Because monocytes play a critical role in polarization of T cell subsets and participate in clearance of transfused RBCs, investigators tested the hypothesis that in response to the RBC breakdown product hemin, monocyte control of T cell polarization will differ between alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized sickle cell disease patients. [J Immunol] Abstract Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Expand in Human Pregnancy and Modulate T-Cell Responses Scientists demonstrate that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with a granulocytic phenotype are highly increased in the peripheral blood of healthy pregnant women during all stages of pregnancy compared with non-pregnant controls, whereas numbers of monocytic MDSCs were unchanged. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract Human Renal Fibroblasts Generate Dendritic Cells with a Unique Regulatory Profile Researchers investigated whether renal fibroblasts influence human dendritic cell generation and function. They found that co-culture with renal fibroblasts led to the generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells with significantly reduced CD80, CD83 and CD86 but elevated B7H1 and B7DC expression. [Immunol Cell Biol] Abstract Intense Foxp3+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Infiltration Is Associated with High-Grade Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Counterbalanced by CD8+/Foxp3+CD25+ Ratio Researchers evaluated the content and distribution of Foxp3+CD25+ regulatory T and CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells infiltration and assessed CD8+/Foxp3+CD25+ cell ratio at peritumoral and intratumoral levels in 40 squamous cell carcinomas (20 well-differentiated G1, and 20 moderately- to poorly-differentiated G2-G3) to evidence a correlation with their aggressiveness. [Br J Dermatol] Abstract Intrinsically De-Sialylated CD103+ CD8 T Cells Mediate Beneficial Anti-Glioma Immune Responses Investigators showed by flow cytometry that murine and human CD103+ CD8 T cells respond better than their CD103– counterparts to tumor peptide-MHC I stimulation in vitro and to tumor antigens on gliomas in vivo. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract Interleukin-37 Mediates the Antitumor Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role for CD57+ NK Cells Interleukin (IL)-37 expression in tumor tissues was positively associated with the density of tumor-infiltrating CD57+ natural killer (NK) cells, but not with the CD3+ and CD8+ T cells. Consistently, in vitro chemotaxis analysis showed that IL-37- overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma cells could recruit more NK cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article Heading to ISSCR 2014 in Vancouver? Come Visit Connexon Creative at Booth #507 and Enter to Win $100 Amazon Gift Card! |