Human Immunology News Volume 2.26 | Jul 15 2014

Effect of a Single Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Dose on Intestinal Immunity against Poliovirus in Children Previously Given Oral Vaccine: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) does not induce an intestinal mucosal immune response, but could boost protection in children who are mucosally primed through previous exposure to oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Investigators aimed to assess the effect of IPV on intestinal immunity in children previously vaccinated with OPV. [Lancet] Abstract | Press Release

Early Adaptive Immune Suppression in Children with Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study
Investigators designed a single-center prospective, observational study to test the hypothesis that children with septic shock would have decreased adaptive immune function compared to healthy children and that among septic children, lower adaptive immune function would be associated with the development of persistent infection or new nosocomial infection. [Crit Care] Abstract | Full Article

Folate Receptor-β Constitutes a Marker for Human Proinflammatory Monocytes
Analysis of peripheral blood cells with a mAb to human folate receptor β (FR-β) reveals that only monocytes express FR-β. Molecular characterization of these circulating monocytes further demonstrates that solely the classic/proinflammatory subset (CD14^highCD16⁻) expresses the FR and that only CD14^highCD16⁻ FR-β⁺ monocytes also display the ability to bind folate-linked molecules. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

Transcriptome Analysis of Human Adipocytes Implicates the NOD-Like Receptor Pathway in Obesity-Induced Adipose Inflammation
Researchers uncover a dialogue regulated by interactions among T cell IFNγ and adipocyte class II major histocompatibility complex and NLRP3 inflammasome activity that appears to initiate and escalate adipose tissue inflammation during obesity. [Mol Cell Endocrinol] Abstract

The Frequencies of IFNγ⁺IL2⁺TNFα⁺ PPD-Specific CD4⁺CD45RO⁺ T-Cells Correlate with the Magnitude of the QuantiFERON^® Gold In-Tube Response in a Prospective Study of Healthy Indian Adolescents
QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) is an IFNγ-release assay used in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Researchers explored the quality and/or magnitude of mycobacteria-specific T-cell responses associated with QFT reversion and persistent QFT-positivity. [PLoS One] Full Article

Modulation of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology via Inhibition of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) Reductase
Scientists investigated the effect of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor during differentiation of peripheral human monocytes and murine bone marrow precursors to immature dendritic cells in vitro and assessed their phenotype. [PLoS One] Full Article

The Helminth Trichuris suis Suppresses TLR4-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Macrophages
Scientists investigated the effects of the helminth T. suis soluble products on the phenotype and function of human inflammatory (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-differentiated) macrophages. [Genes Immun] Abstract

Alteration of Naïve and Memory B-Cell Subset in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease Patients After Treatment with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Scientists investigated changes in the numbers, phenotypes, and subpopulations of B lymphocytes in chronic graft-versus-host disease patients who showed a complete response, partial response, or no response after mesenchymal stromal cell treatment. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Abstract

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Hemispherx Biopharma and Bioclones, A Leading South African Biotechnology Company, Join Forces on Novel Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine
Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc. announced a strategic alliance to develop multiple projects with Bioclones (Pty) Ltd., a leading South African biotechnology company. [Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc.] Press Release

Sialix Changes Name to Siamab Therapeutics
Sialix, Inc., a biotechnology company developing cancer immunotherapies, announced that the company has changed its name to Siamab Therapeutics. In addition, the company announced that it has received an additional $2 million in funding as part of its Series B, bringing the total raised to $6 million. [Siamab Therapeutics] Press Release

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Postdoctoral Fellowship – Human Immunology (University of Pennsylvania)

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Principal Investigator Positions – Systems & Synthetic Biology (Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer)

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Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Immunology (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

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Postdoctoral Positions – Epigenetics in Autoimmune Diseases (Weill Cornell Medical School/Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin)

Scientist – Recombinant Molecules and Antibodies (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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