Human Immunology News Volume 2.29 | Aug 5 2014

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    Newsletter Issue

    Human Immunology News 2.29 August 5, 2014

    Human Immunology News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Transplantation Shown to Be Highly Effective in Treating Immune Deficiency in Children
    Babies who are born with severe combined immunodeficiency can be successfully treated with a transplant of blood-forming stem cells. A review of more than 240 patient cases found transplants to be quite effective, especially when performed early in life. [Press release from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discussing online prepublication in The New England Journal of Medicine] Press Release | Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Defective PTEN Regulation Contributes to B Cell Hyperresponsiveness in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    Investigators performed fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in B cells from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and found that all SLE B cell subsets, except for memory B cells, showed decreased expression of PTEN compared with B cells from healthy controls. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract

    Activated Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Associated with a Reduced Susceptibility to Graft-versus-Host Disease
    Researchers investigated longitudinally the effects of induction chemotherapy, conditioning radiochemotherapy, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on composition, phenotype, and recovery of circulating innate lymphoid cells in 51 acute leukemia patients. [Blood] Abstract

    Treatment with Chemotherapy and Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Multiple Wilms’ Tumor 1 (WT1)-Specific MHC Class I/II-Restricted Epitopes for Pancreatic Cancer
    Researchers performed a Phase I trial to investigate the safety, clinical responses, and WT1-specific immune responses following treatment with dendritic cells pulsed with a mixture of three types of WT1 peptides, including both MHC class I and II-restricted epitopes, in combination with chemotherapy. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

    Effective Treatment with Intravenous Immunoglobulins Reduces Autoreactive T-Cell Response in Patients with CIDP
    The authors investigated changes in autoreactive T-cell responses against PMP-22 and P2 antigen as well as a T-cell memory repertoire in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) induced by repeated intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. [J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry] Abstract

    TLR4 Activation Enhances the PD-L1-Mediated Tolerogenic Capacity of Colonic CD90+ Stromal Cells
    Researchers demonstrate that stimulation of TLR4 on human CD90+ myofibroblasts/fibroblasts (CMFs) upregulates programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1), but not PD-L2, and reinforces CMF-mediated suppression of CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. [J Immunol] Abstract

    Inflammatory Conditions Distinctively Alter Immunological Functions of Langerhans-Like Cells and Dendritic Cells In Vitro
    Scientists investigated the immune responses of human immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells and Langerhans cell-like cells upon stimulation with different TLR ligands in the presence or absence of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. [Immunology] Abstract

    Human Treg Cells Are Characterized by Low/Negative CD6 Expression
    Researchers present evidence that CD4+CD25hiCD6lo/- natural regulatory T (Treg) cells have high expression of FOXP3 and exhibit in vitro suppressive activity on CD8+ T-cell proliferation. [Cytometry A] Abstract

    The Role of CD4+ T Cells in BKV-Specific T Cell Immunity
    Scientists demonstrate a comprehensive flow cytometric analysis of the polyomavirus BK (BKV)-specific T cell response that permits access to the majority of T cells specific for immunodominant BKV antigens. [Med Microbiol Immunol] Abstract

    Modulation of Both Activator Protein-1 and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signal Transduction of Human T Cells by Amiodarone
    Amiodarone, a common and effective antiarrhythmic drug, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects such as reducing the activation and movement of neutrophils. Investigators elucidated the effects and possible underlying mechanisms of amiodarone on human T cells. [Exp Biol Med] Abstract

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    A New System for High-Throughput Cell Isolation Directly from Whole Blood

     
    REVIEWS
    Dendritic Cells, Monocytes and Macrophages: A Unified Nomenclature Based on Ontogeny
    The mononuclear phagocyte system has historically been categorized into monocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages on the basis of functional and phenotypical characteristics. The authors suggest that these cells can be classified primarily by their ontogeny and secondarily by their location, function and phenotype. [Nat Rev Immunol] Editorial

    Human Innate Lymphoid Cells
    Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are lymphoid cells that do not express rearranged receptors and have important effector and regulatory functions in innate immunity and tissue remodeling. The authors provide an overview of the characteristics of ILCs in the context of health and disease. [Blood] Abstract

    Social Networking of Human Neutrophils within the Immune System
    Novel aspects of neutrophil biology have shed new light not only on the potential complex roles that neutrophils play during inflammation and immune responses, but also in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory disorders including infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. [Blood] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Incyte Announces Clinical Trial Agreement to Evaluate Combination of Two Novel Cancer Immunotherapies
    Incyte Corporation announced that it has entered into a clinical trial agreement with Genentech to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of Incyte’s oral indoleamine dioxygenase-1 inhibitor, INCB24360, in combination with Genentech’s PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, MPDL3280A, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. [Incyte Corporation] Press Release

    Cancer Research Institute to Bestow Top Scientific Prize for Breakthrough Discoveries in Cancer Immunotherapy
    The Cancer Research Institute will present its annual William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Tumor Immunology to four individuals for their collective contributions to the discovery of the programmed cell death-1 receptor pathway, a new immune system checkpoint that has been shown in clinical studies to be a highly promising target in cancer immunotherapy. [Cancer Research Institute] Press Release

    FDA Advisory Committee Panel Provides Favorable Recommendation on Baxter’s HyQvia for Primary Immunodeficiency
    Baxter International Inc. and Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the Blood Products Advisory Committee of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) voted 15-1 that HyQvia (Immune Globulin Infusion 10% [Human] with Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase), Baxter’s investigational subcutaneous treatment for patients with primary immunodeficiency, has a favorable risk/benefit profile. [Baxter International Inc.] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Advances in Cancer Immunotherapies 2014
    October 15-16, 2014
    Singapore, Singapore

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Host-Fungal Interactions (University of Birmingham)

    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Macrophage Functions (Cochin Institute)

    Senior Manager – Inflammation, Fibrosis Biomarkers (Gilead Sciences)

    Professor – Medicine, Microbiology and Immunobiology (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard)

    Postdoctoral Position – Human Heart Transplantation Immunology (Columbia University)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Human Immunology (University of Pennsylvania)

    Principal Investigator Positions – Systems & Synthetic Biology (Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer)

    Postdoctoral Scientist – Immune Focused In Vitro Analytics (Celentyx Ltd.)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Immunology (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

    Scientist – Recombinant Molecules and Antibodies (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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