Human Immunology News Volume 2.30 | Aug 12 2014

Erythropoietin Priming Improves the Vasculogenic Potential of G-CSF Mobilized Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Scientists tested the effect of priming granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells with erythropoietin to augment its therapeutic efficacy. [Cardiovasc Res] Abstract

Polyacrylic Acid-Coated and Non-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Cytokine Activation in Human Blood Cells through TAK1, p38 MAPK and JNK Pro-Inflammatory Pathways
Investigators evaluated the in vitro effect of polyacrylic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) and non-coated ION on the production of six cytokines (interleukin 1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interferon gamma and interleukin 10) by human peripheral blood cells, and to determine the inflammatory pathways involved in this production. [Arch Toxicol] Abstract

Adaptive Immune Contexture at the Tumor Site and Downmodulation of Circulating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Response of Solitary Fibrous Tumor Patients to Anti-Angiogenic Therapy
Researchers studied the in situ and systemic immune status of advanced solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) patients and the effects of sunitinib malate in association with the clinical efficacy. Frequencies of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells and T-cell functions was assessed ex vivo in SFT patients prior to and during anti-angiogenic therapy. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Isolation of Dengue Virus-Specific Memory B Cells with Live Virus Antigen from Human Subjects following Natural Infection Reveals the Presence of Diverse Novel Functional Groups of Antibody Clones
To improve upon their ability to recover and study rare but durable and potently neutralizing natural dengue virus (DENV)-specific antibodies, investigators isolated human DENV-specific B cells using a primary screen of binding to live virus, followed by a secondary screen with a high-throughput flow cytometry-based neutralization assay to identify DENV-specific B cell lines prior to generation of hybridomas. [J Virol] Abstract

Triggering of NF-κB in Cytokine-Matured Human DCs Generates Superior DCs for T-Cell Priming in Cancer Immunotherapy
Scientists show that human monocyte-derived, cytokine-cocktail-matured dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with constitutively active mutants of IκB kinases by mRNA electroporation further upregulated maturation markers and secreted enhanced amounts of cytokines, including IL-12p70, which was produced for more than 48 hours after transfection. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

A MicroRNA Profile of Human CD8⁺ Regulatory T Cells and Characterization of the Effects of MicroRNAs on Treg Cell-Associated Genes
Researchers investigated the microRNA expression profile of human natural CD8⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T (Treg) cells and the impact of microRNAs on molecules associated with immune regulation. [J Transl Med] Full Article

Correlation between Frequencies of Blood Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, Regulatory T Cells and Negative Prognostic Markers in Patients with Castration-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Investigating the frequency and function of immune suppressive cell subsets in the peripheral blood of 41 patients with prostate cancer (PC) and 36 healthy donors (HD) showed a significant increase in circulating CD14⁺ HLA-DR^low/neg monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells in patients with PC compared to HD. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract

Novel Method to Characterize Immune Cells from Human Prostate Tissue
An efficient and robust method was developed to process prostate tissue and isolate immune cells for phenotypic analysis by multicolor flow cytometry as downstream application. [Prostate] Abstract

Altered Distribution of Peripheral Blood Memory B Cells in Humans Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi
Investigators measured circulating lymphocytes of various phenotypes based on the differential expression of CD19, CD4, CD27, CD10, IgD, IgM, IgG and CD138 in a total of 48 T. cruzi-infected individuals and 24 healthy controls. [PLoS One] Full Article

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FDA Modifies Tekmira’s TKM-Ebola Clinical Hold to Partial Hold
Tekmira Pharmaceuticals Corporation, a leading developer of RNA interference therapeutics, announced that the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has verbally confirmed they have modified the full clinical hold placed on the TKM-Ebola Investigational New Drug Application to a partial clinical hold. [Tekmira Pharmaceuticals Corporation] Press Release

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