A Human Immunodeficiency Caused by Mutations in the PIK3R1 Gene Scientists identified two different heterozygous splice site mutations that affect the same splice site in PIK3R1, which encodes the p85α subunit of PI3K. The hypothetical loss of p85α-mediated inhibition of p110 activity was supported by elevated phosphorylation of the known downstream signaling kinase AKT in patient T cell blasts. [J Clin Invest] Full Article Identification of a Human Neonatal Immune-Metabolic Network Associated with Bacterial Infection A system-level investigation of neonatal systemic responses to infection shows a surprisingly strong but unbalanced homeostatic immune response; developing an elevated set-point of myeloid regulatory signaling and sugar-lipid metabolism with concomitant inhibition of lymphoid responses. [Nat Commun] Full Article In Vivo Attenuation and Genetic Evolution of a ST247-SCCmecI MRSA Clone after 13 Years of Pathogenic Bronchopulmonary Colonization in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis: Implications of the Innate Immune Response Investigators tracked the 13-year evolution of a single methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone in a male patient with cystic fibrosis, evaluating both the host immunogenic response and the microbial variations. The immunogenicity of initial and evolved isolates was evaluated by incubation with innate immune cells from healthy volunteers. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract PIM1 Kinase Phosphorylates the Human Transcription Factor FOXP3 at Serine 422 to Negatively Regulate Its Activity under Inflammation Previous reports have suggested that human CD4+CD25hiFOXP3+ T regulatory cells have functional plasticity and may differentiate into effector T cells under inflammation. Researchers identified residue S422 of human FOXP3 as a phosphorylation site that regulates its function, which is not present in murine Foxp3. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article A MicroRNA Profile of Human CD8+ Regulatory T Cells and Characterization of the Effects of MicroRNAs on Treg Cell-Associated Genes Researchers investigated the microRNA expression profile of human natural CD8+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and the impact of microRNAs on molecules associated with immune regulation. [J Transl Med] Full Article FOXP3 and CTLA4 Overexpression in Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow as a Sign of Accumulation of CD4+ T Regulatory Cells Scientists characterized the expression of regulatory T- and T-helper-17-related genes in total myeloma bone marrow samples to assess their role as biomarkers, prognostic factors, and possible therapeutic targets in this incurable disease. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract | Full Article Inhibition of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2) in Human Myeloid Dendritic Cells Induces Potent Tolerogenic Functions during LPS Stimulation Scientists demonstrate that inhibition of efflux transporters ABCG2 induced the generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) from human peripheral blood myeloid DCs (mDCs). ABCG2 expression was present in mDCs and was further increased by LPS stimulation. [PLoS One] Full Article Immunotoxicity Assessment of Rice-Derived Recombinant Human Serum Albumin Using Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells To assess the risk potential of human serum albumin (HSA) derived from Oryza sativa (OsrHSA) before a first-in-human trial, researchers compared OsrHSA and plasma-derived HSA, evaluating the potential for an immune reaction and toxicity using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. [PLoS One] Full Article Decreased Percentage of CD4+Foxp3+TGF-β+ and Increased Percentage of CD4+IL-17+ Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Asthmatics Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways with the proven role of Th2 cells in its pathogenesis. The role and characteristics of different subsets of CD4+ cells are much less known. Investigators analyzed the incidence of different subsets of CD4+ T cells, in particular different subsets of CD4+ cells with the co-expression of different cytokines. [J Inflamm] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News and Immune Regulation News! |