Enrichment of ​CD56dimKIR+​CD57+ Highly Cytotoxic NK Cells in Tumor-Infiltrated Lymph Nodes of Melanoma Patients Investigators show an expansion of ​CD56dim​CD57dim​CD69+​CCR7+KIR+ NK cells in tumor-infiltrated lymph nodes (TILN). TILN NK cells display robust cytotoxic activity against autologous melanoma cells. [Nat Commun] Abstract IL-28B Is a Key Regulator of B- and T-Cell Vaccine Responses against Influenza Researchers demonstrate that the presence of the IL-28B TG/GG genotype was associated with increased seroconversion following influenza vaccination. In vitro, recombinant IL-28B increased Th1-cytokines and suppressed Th2-cytokines, H1N1-stimulated B-cell proliferation, and IgG-production. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article | Editorial Alarmins MRP8 and MRP14 Induce Stress Tolerance in Phagocytes under Sterile Inflammatory Conditions During sterile inflammation, polytrauma and burn trauma patients initially present with high serum concentrations of myeloid-related proteins (MRPs). Human neonatal phagocytes are primed for hyporesponsiveness by increased peripartal MRP concentrations, which was confirmed in murine neonatal endotoxinemia in wild-type and MRP14−/− mice. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Phase I/II Study Exploring ImMucin, a Pan-Major Histocompatibility Complex, Anti-MUC1 Signal Peptide Vaccine, in Multiple Myeloma Patients ImMucin, a 21-mer cancer vaccine encoding the signal peptide domain of the MUC1 tumor-associated antigen, possesses a high density of T- and B-cell epitopes but preserves MUC1 specificity. This Phase I/II study assessed the safety, immunity and clinical response to intradermal ImMucin vaccines. [Br J Haematol] Abstract | Press Release Foxp3-Mediated Inhibition of Akt Inhibits Glut1 (Glucose Transporter 1) Expression in Human T Regulatory Cells Freshly isolated human Tregs were unable to up-regulate Glut1 in response to TCR and costimulatory signals compared with Tconv. Consequently, the ability of Tregs to use glucose was also reduced. Introduction of Foxp3 into Tconv inhibited Akt activation and Glut1 expression, indicating that Foxp3 can regulate Glut1. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract Melanoma Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-23 Is Associated with Blunted Tumor Immunity and Poor Responses to Immunotherapy Investigators examined the association of matrix metalloproteinase-23 (MMP-23) with the anti-tumor immune response as assessed by the prevalence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. They examined the association between MMP-23 expression and response to immunotherapy. [J Transl Med] Abstract | Full Article Interleukin-10 Receptor-1 Expression in Monocyte-Derived Antigen-Presenting Cell Populations: Dendritic Cells Partially Escape from IL-10’s Inhibitory Mechanisms Compared with lymphocytes and various tissue cells and tissues, blood monocytes expressed the highest interleukin-10 receptor-1 (IL-10R1) levels. The in vitro differentiation of these cells into macrophages provoked a further increase of IL-10R1 surface expression. In contrast, their differentiation into myeloid dendritic cells resulted in reduced surface IL-10R1 levels. [Genes Immun] Abstract Regression of Established Renal Cell Carcinoma in Nude Mice Using Lentivirus-Transduced Human T Cells Expressing a Human Anti-CAIX Chimeric Antigen Receptor Scientists report on the construction of two chimeric antigen receptors that utilize a carbonic anhydrasedomain mapped, human single chain antibody as a targeting moiety but differ in their capacity to provide costimulatory signaling for optimal T cell proliferation and tumor cell killing. [Mol Ther Oncolytics] Full Article CD25 Identifies a Subset of CD4+FoxP3–TIL that Are Exhausted yet Prognostically Favorable in Human Ovarian Cancer Researchers hypothesized that CD25, in addition to demarcating regulatory T cells, might identify effector T cells in cancer. To investigate this, they used multi-parameter flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to analyze tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in primary high-grade serous carcinomas. [Cancer Immunol Res] Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News and Immune Regulation News! |