Human Immunology News Volume 3.05 | Feb 10 2015

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    Human Immunology News 3.05 February 10, 2015

    Human Immunology News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Skin Based Immunity Secrets Revealed
    Scientists discovered a new mechanism by which immune cells in the skin act as the body’s border control, revealing how these cells sense whether lipid or fat-like molecules might indicate the presence of foreign invaders. [Press release from Monash University discussing publication in Nature Immunology]
    Press Release | Abstract
    Learn More: UM729, a Novel Small Molecule for Ex Vivo Expansion of Human HSCs

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    In Vivo Tracking of T Cells in Humans Unveils Decade-Long Survival and Activity of Genetically Modified T Memory Stem Cells
    The authors shed light on long-term in vivo clonal relationships among different T cell subtypes, and unveil that T memory stem cells are able to persist and to preserve their precursor potential in humans for up to 12 years after infusion of gene-corrected lymphocytes. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract

    HIV-1 ​Tat Inhibits Phagocytosis by Preventing the Recruitment of ​Cdc42 to the Phagocytic Cup
    Researchers found that extracellular ​Tat, at the subnanomolar concentration present in the sera of HIV-1-infected patients, inhibits the phagocytosis of Mycobacterium avium or opsonized Toxoplasma gondii by human primary macrophages. This inhibition results from a defect in mannose- and Fcγ-receptor-mediated phagocytosis, respectively. [Nat Commun] Abstract

    IL-6-Driven STAT Signaling in Circulating CD4+ Lymphocytes Is a Marker for Early Anticitrullinated Peptide Antibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Interleukin (IL)-6-mediated signal transduction and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling was investigated in circulating lymphocytes of an independent early arthritis patient cohort, seeking further insight into rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and biomarkers of potential clinical utility. [Ann Rheum Dis]
    Abstract | Full Article

    A Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor Produced by Apoptotic T-Cells Inhibits Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    Investigators found that a subpopulation of CD4+CD25+ cells from persons with latent tuberculosis infection inhibits growth of M. tuberculosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article

    Vitamin D3 Induces Tolerance in Human Dendritic Cells by Activation of Intracellular Metabolic Pathways
    Scientists demonstrate that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, induces human monocyte-derived tolerogenic dendritic cells by metabolic reprogramming. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

    HLA-G Expression Levels Influence the Tolerogenic Activity of Human DC-10
    Researchers identified a subset of human dendritic cells, named DC-10, that induce adaptive IL-10-producing T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells via the IL-10-dependent human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G/ILT4 pathway. They aimed to define the role of HLA-G in DC-10-mediated Tr1 cell differentiation. [Haematologica]
    Abstract | Full Article

    Inhibition of G-Protein βγ Signaling Enhances T Cell Receptor-Stimulated Interleukin 2 Transcription in CD4+ T Helper Cells
    Researchers determined whether targeting G-protein βγ complexes could provide a useful new approach for modulating interleukin 2 levels in CD4+ T helper cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

    ROCKing Cytokine Secretion Balance in Human T Cells
    Investigators demonstrate a new and important role of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) 2 in regulating cytokine secretion in T cells. They found that ROCK2 promotes pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-21, whereas IL-2 and IL-10 secretion are negatively regulated by ROCK2 under Th17-skewing activation. [Cytokine] Abstract | Press Release

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    REVIEWS
    Pathogen Manipulation of B Cells: The Best Defense Is a Good Offence
    The authors provide a summary of recent advances in elucidating direct B cell-pathogen interactions and highlight how targeting this specific cell population benefits different pathogens. [Nat Rev Microbiol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

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    SCIENCE NEWS
    Biothera Immunotherapy Binds to Multiple Immune Cell Receptors to Kill Cancer
    Biothera’s late stage cancer immunotherapy drug binds to multiple innate immune cell receptors to exert enhanced cytotoxicity against tumor cells. [Press release from Biothera discussing research to be presented at the Keystone Tumor Immunology Symposium, Banff] Press Release

    Lycera Announces Research Showing Promising Anti-Cancer Activity of Novel, Oral Immunotherapy Candidates
    Lycera Corp. announced that promising data for the anti-tumor activity of the company’s oral, selective RORγ agonist product candidates were presented. [Press release from Lycera Corp. discussing research presented at the Keystone Tumor Immunology Symposium, Banff] Press Release

    Compugen Presents New Results Supporting CGEN-15049 as Potential Cancer Immunotherapy Target
    New experimental results for CGEN-15049, a novel immune checkpoint protein discovered by Compugen Ltd. as a target for cancer immunotherapy were presented. [Press release from Compugen Ltd. discussing research presented at the Keystone Tumor Immunology Symposium, Banff] Press Release

    IOmet Pharma to Present Data on Pre-Clinical Cancer Immunotherapy Programs
    IOmet Pharma presented data on its preclinical IDO, TDO and IDO/TDO Dual Inhibitor programs. [Press release from IOmet Pharma discussing research presented at the Keystone Tumor Immunology Symposium, Banff] Press Release

    From our sponsor: Learn how ex vivo models drive progress in HIV research. Read the research profiles.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Stanford Launches Major Effort to Expedite Vaccine Discovery with $50 Million Grant
    Stanford University announced that it has received a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to accelerate efforts in vaccine development. The $50 million grant over 10 years will build on existing technology developed at Stanford and housed in the Human Immune Monitoring Core, and will establish the Stanford Human Systems Immunology Center. [Stanford University] Press Release

    Genalyte, Collaborators Gear Up for Phase Two of Tumor-Associated Antigen Panel Development
    Having completed the first phase of a $1 million National Cancer Institute grant to develop a panel of tumor-associated antibodies to help detect cancer and assess patient response to immune-modulating cancer drugs, Genalyte is now gearing up to manufacture a set of chips covering this panel to support the second phase of the project. [Genalyte] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    No More Money and Time Down the Drain
    A worldwide group of antibody experts appeal for a standardized approach to the creation and use of antibodies in research and therapeutics. [Garvan Institute] Press Release | Editorial

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    EVENTS
    NEW Keystone Symposium – T Cells: Regulation and Effector Function
    March 29-April 3, 2015
    Snowbird, United States

    NEW Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) 2015
    June 24-27, 2015
    San Diego, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Senior Process Development Engineer (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    NEW Director – Vector Production (Sangamo BioSciences, Inc.)

    Scientist – Recombinant Molecules and Antibodies (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate – Innate/Adaptive Immune Components in the Microenvironment of Basal-Like Breast Cancers (King’s College London)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy (United Arab Emirates University)

    Manufacturing Scientists – Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy (Autolus)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Innate-Adaptive Interface in Autoimmunity (Singapore Immunology Network A*STAR)

    Postdoctoral Position – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (The Technical University of Denmark)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cancer-Related Inflammation (Institute of Human Genetics)

    Senior Research Scientist – Immunohistochemistry (iTeos Therapeutics)

    Research Scientist – Cancer Immunotherapy (iTeos Therapeutics)


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