In Vivo Tracking of T Cells in Humans Unveils Decade-Long Survival and Activity of Genetically Modified T Memory Stem Cells The authors shed light on long-term in vivo clonal relationships among different T cell subtypes, and unveil that T memory stem cells are able to persist and to preserve their precursor potential in humans for up to 12 years after infusion of gene-corrected lymphocytes. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract HIV-1 ​Tat Inhibits Phagocytosis by Preventing the Recruitment of ​Cdc42 to the Phagocytic Cup Researchers found that extracellular ​Tat, at the subnanomolar concentration present in the sera of HIV-1-infected patients, inhibits the phagocytosis of Mycobacterium avium or opsonized Toxoplasma gondii by human primary macrophages. This inhibition results from a defect in mannose- and Fcγ-receptor-mediated phagocytosis, respectively. [Nat Commun] Abstract IL-6-Driven STAT Signaling in Circulating CD4+ Lymphocytes Is a Marker for Early Anticitrullinated Peptide Antibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis Interleukin (IL)-6-mediated signal transduction and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling was investigated in circulating lymphocytes of an independent early arthritis patient cohort, seeking further insight into rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and biomarkers of potential clinical utility. [Ann Rheum Dis] Abstract | Full Article A Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor Produced by Apoptotic T-Cells Inhibits Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Investigators found that a subpopulation of CD4+CD25+ cells from persons with latent tuberculosis infection inhibits growth of M. tuberculosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages. [PLoS Pathog] Full Article Vitamin D3 Induces Tolerance in Human Dendritic Cells by Activation of Intracellular Metabolic Pathways Scientists demonstrate that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, induces human monocyte-derived tolerogenic dendritic cells by metabolic reprogramming. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract HLA-G Expression Levels Influence the Tolerogenic Activity of Human DC-10 Researchers identified a subset of human dendritic cells, named DC-10, that induce adaptive IL-10-producing T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells via the IL-10-dependent human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G/ILT4 pathway. They aimed to define the role of HLA-G in DC-10-mediated Tr1 cell differentiation. [Haematologica] Abstract | Full Article Inhibition of G-Protein βγ Signaling Enhances T Cell Receptor-Stimulated Interleukin 2 Transcription in CD4+ T Helper Cells Researchers determined whether targeting G-protein βγ complexes could provide a useful new approach for modulating interleukin 2 levels in CD4+ T helper cells. [PLoS One] Full Article ROCKing Cytokine Secretion Balance in Human T Cells Investigators demonstrate a new and important role of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) 2 in regulating cytokine secretion in T cells. They found that ROCK2 promotes pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-21, whereas IL-2 and IL-10 secretion are negatively regulated by ROCK2 under Th17-skewing activation. [Cytokine] Abstract | Press Release Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News and Immune Regulation News! |