Human Immunology News Volume 3.27 | Jul 14 2015

The Prion Protein Inhibits Monocytic Cell Migration by Stimulating β1 Integrin Adhesion and Uropod Formation
The authors investigated the role of PrP in the adhesion and (transendothelial) migration of human (pro)monocytes and found that PrP regulates β1 integrin-mediated adhesion of monocytes. [J Cell Sci] Abstract

T Cells Derived from Human Melanoma Draining Lymph Nodes Mediate Melanoma-Specific Antitumor Responses In Vitro and In Vivo in Human Melanoma Xenograft Model
Investigators analyzed tumor-draining lymph nodes from patients with stage III melanoma who were undergoing routine lymph node dissection. Following short-term culture activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 microbeads and expansion in low concentrations of IL-2, the melanoma-draining lymph node cells were ~60% CD4-activated and ~40% CD8-activated T cells. [J Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

Transcription Regulates HIF-1α Expression in CD4⁺ T Cells
Investigators observed that depletion of oxygen alone was not sufficient to induce hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in T cells. However, when hypoxic T cells were stimulated, HIF-1α was expressed and this was dependent on nuclear factor-κB- and nuclear factor of activated T cell-mediated transcriptional upregulation of Hif-1α mRNA. [Immunol Cell Biol] Abstract

Analysis of CD8⁺ Treg Cells in Patients with Ovarian Cancer: A Possible Mechanism for Immune Impairment
To demonstrate whether the tumor microenvironment could convert CD8⁺ effector T cells into suppressor cells, scientists used an in vitro transwell culturing system. Compared with the CD8⁺ T cells cultured alone, the CD8⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) induced in vitro by coculture with SK-OV-3/A2780 showed increased CTLA-4 and Foxp3 expression and decreased CD28 expression. [Cell Mol Immunol] Full Article

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Depletes Tryptophan, Activates General Control Nonderepressible 2 Kinase and Downregulates Key Enzymes Involved in Fatty Acid Synthesis in Primary Human CD4⁺ T-Cells
The effect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) on enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis was evaluated in primary human cells both in MLRs in the presence or not of the IDO inhibitor 1-DL-methyl-tryptophan, and in stimulated CD4⁺ T-cells in the presence or not of the general control nonderepressible 2 kinase activator tryptophanol. [Immunology] Abstract

In Vitro Evidence for Immune-Modulatory Properties of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides: Direct Effect on Human Monocyte Derived Dendritic Cells
Researchers investigated the immune-modulatory potential of non-digestible short chain galacto- and long chain fructo-oligosaccharides mimicking the natural distribution of oligosaccharides in human breast milk in presence or absence of certain lactic acid bacteria strains in human monocyte derived dendritic cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Serine Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor 1 (SRSF1) Contributes to the Transcriptional Activation of CD3ζ in Human T Cells
Researchers showed that SRSF1 regulates transcriptional activation of CD3ζ. Specifically, overexpression and silencing of SRSF1 respectively increases and decreases CD3ζ total mRNA and protein expression in Jurkat and primary T cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

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apceth and University of Cologne to Join Forces on Combination Cellular Immunotherapies for Cancer
apceth announced a broad partnership with the Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, to combine technologies and expertise, on the development of immunotherapies for solid tumors and hematological malignancies. [apceth GmbH & Co. KG] Press Release

Fate Therapeutics and Regents of the University of Minnesota Enter into Research Collaboration for Translation of Natural Killer Cell Cancer Immunotherapies
Fate Therapeutics, Inc. announced that it has entered into a research collaboration with Regents of the University of Minnesota for the development of natural killer cell-based cancer immunotherapeutics. [Fate Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Adaptimmune Announces FDA Acceptance of Investigational New Drug (IND) Application for MAGE-A10 T in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Adaptimmune announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted the company’s IND application for autologous genetically modified T-cells expressing enhanced T cell receptors specific for MAGE A10 in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, and that the IND is now active. [Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc] Press Release

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