Human Immunology News Volume 4.20 | May 24 2016

Functional Dichotomy of Vδ2 γδ T Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infections: Role in Cytotoxicity but Not for IFN-γ Production
Researchers analyzed the phenotype and function of Vδ2 γδ (Vδ2) T cells in 43 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients compared to 39 healthy controls. Vδ2 T cells from HCV-infected patients were activated and differentiated into effector cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

LFA-1/ICAM-1 Ligation in Human T Cells Promotes Th1 Polarization through a GSK3β Signaling–Dependent Notch Pathway
The authors report that the integrin LFA-1 cross-linking with its ligand ICAM-1 in human PBMCs or CD4⁺ T cells promotes Th1 polarization by upregulating IFN-γ secretion and T-bet expression. [J Immunol] Abstract

Lung Injury Combined with Loss of Regulatory T Cells Leads to De Novo Lung-Restricted Autoimmunity
Researchers found that human lung recipients who suffer respiratory viral infections experienced a decrease in peripheral regulatory T cells. Pre-existing lung allograft injury from donor-directed Abs or gastroesophageal reflux led to new collagen type V and k-α1 tubulin Abs post respiratory viral infection. [J Immunol] Abstract

Impaired CD8⁺ T Cell Responses upon Toll-Like Receptor Activation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Investigators evaluated the effect of Toll-like receptor activation on T cells in common variable immunodeficiency patients undergoing intravenous immunoglobulin replacement using synthetic ligands. [J Transl Med] Full Article

Induction of Apoptosis by HBI-8000 in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Is Associated with Activation of Bim and NLRP3
Scientists evaluated the effects of HBI-8000 on adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)-derived cell lines and primary cells obtained from Japanese ATL patients. In most cases HBI-8000 induced apoptosis in both primary ATL cells and cell lines. [Cancer Sci] Abstract

Erythropoietin Exerts Direct Immunomodulatory Effects on the Cytokine Production by Activated Human T-Lymphocytes
Researchers studied the direct impact of erythropoietin-β on the activation status of human T lymphocytes following activation by particles loaded with antibodies against human CD2, CD3, and CD28. [Int Immunopharmacol] Abstract

A Fully Human IgG1 Anti-PD-L1 MAb in an In Vitro Assay Enhances Antigen-Specific T-Cell Responses
Scientists showed for the first time that the addition of avelumab to an antigen-specific IVS assay increased the frequency of activated antigen-specific CD8⁺ T lymphocytes, and did so to a greater extent than that seen with commercially available programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-blocking antibodies, reduced CD4⁺ T-cell proliferation and induced a switch in the production of Th2 to Th1 cytokines. [Clin Transl Immunol] Full Article

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Pelican Therapeutics Awarded $15.2 Million to Develop Novel Immune Therapy for Multiple Cancers
Pelican Therapeutics announced that it won a $15,245,222 million New Company Product Development Award from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas. The award will enable Pelican to develop agonists directed at TNFRSF25, a recently discovered T cell costimulator for immuno-oncology indications. [Pelican Therapeutics (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

IL-23 Inhibitor Risankizumab Induces Remission in Phase II Study in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Crohn’s Disease
Results were presented from a proof-of-concept, Phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled study in Crohn’s disease with investigational biologic, risankizumab, a compound from Boehringer Ingelheim research and recently licensed by AbbVie. [AbbVie Inc.] Press Release

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