Human Immunology News 4.29 July 26, 2016 | |
| |
TOP STORYNOX4-Dependent Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages Scientists showed that deficiency of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) resulted in reduced expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, which is a key mitochondrial enzyme in the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway. The reduced FAO resulted in less activation of the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat-containing receptor, pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in human and mouse macrophages. [Nat Med] Abstract | |
| |
PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Tandem CAR T Cells Targeting HER2 and IL13Rα2 Mitigate Tumor Antigen Escape Researchers created a CAR that joins a HER2-binding scFv and an IL13Rα2-binding IL-13 mutein to make a tandem CAR exodomain (TanCAR) and a CD28.ζ endodomain. They determined that patient TanCAR T cells showed distinct binding to HER2 or IL13Rα2 and had the capability to lyse autologous glioblastoma. [J Clin Invest] Full Article This study examined B10 cells across the entire age range of normal human development, and their changes during pediatric autoimmunity. The phenotype and numbers of blood B10 cells were examined in healthy individuals and children with autoimmunity by flow cytometry. [Arthritis Rheumatol] Abstract Inhibiting Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2) in normal human T cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus decreased the number and function of T follicular helper cells induced by activation ex vivo. [Sci Signal] Abstract CEACAM1 Mediates B Cell Aggregation in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity The authors demonstrated a key role of carcinoembryogenic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) in B cell aggregate formation in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and a B cell-dependent mouse model of MS. [Sci Rep] Full Article Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) Inhibits Human T Cell Signaling and Function by Disrupting Lipid Dynamics Scientists have mechanistically examined if GML affects the signaling and functional output of human primary T cells. They found that GML potently altered order and disorder dynamics in the plasma membrane that resulted in reduced formation of LAT, PLC-γ, and AKT microclusters. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists profiled the mRNA and protein expression of known Netrin-1 receptors on human CD4+ T cells. Neogenin, uncoordinated-5 (UNC5)A, and UNC5B were expressed at low levels in unstimulated cells, but they increased following mitogen-dependent activation. [J Immunol] Abstract The authors showed that manipulation of the length of the costimulation and addition of IL-21 enhance the ex vivo expansion of memory stem T cells. [J Transl Med] Full Article Investigators performed a comparative study of five different preparations of Viscum album on maturation and activation of human dendritic cells and ensuing CD4+ T cell responses. [Molecules] Full Article The Pro-Oxidative Drug WF-10 Inhibits Serial Killing by Primary Human Cytotoxic T-Cells Researchers demonstrated that WF-10, a pro-oxidative compound, inhibits cytotoxic T-cell (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity. WF-10 did not influence early steps of target-cell killing, but impaired the ability of CTLs to detach from the initial target cell and to move to a second target cell. [Cell Death Discov] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
| |
REVIEWSIdentification, Isolation, and Functional Assay of Regulatory T Cells The authors go through the basic methods for regulatory T cell (Treg) isolation as well the efficiency of the commonly exerted in vitro assays of Tregs-mediated immune suppression. [Immunol Invest] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
| |
INDUSTRY NEWSKite Pharma, Inc. announced that it has entered into an exclusive, worldwide license agreement with The Regents of the University of California, on behalf of the University of California, Los Angeles, for technology to advance the development of off-the-shelf allogeneic T-cell therapies from renewable pluripotent stem cells. [Kite Pharma, Inc.] Press Release X-Chem and AbbVie Enter into Multi-Target Drug Discovery Partnership X-Chem, Inc. announced a multi-target drug discovery agreement with AbbVie. The collaboration is focused on the discovery and development of novel treatments for diseases in oncology and immunology. [X-Chem, Inc.] Press Release Celgene Corporation and the Lymphoma Study Association announced that the Lymphoma Academic Research Organisation (LYSARC) reported initial data from a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, international clinical study. [Celgene Corporation] Press Release | |
| |
POLICY NEWSEurope Overhauls Rules for ‘First-In-Human’ Trials in Wake of French Disaster The European Union is beefing up protections for volunteers in Phase I clinical trials in the wake of a disastrous clinical study in Rennes, France, that resulted in the death of one volunteer and the hospitalization of five others. The European Medicines Agency in London announced in a “concept paper” that it wants to improve strategies to identify and reduce risks in “first-in-human” studies on healthy volunteers. [ScienceInsider] Editorial | Article Chinese Scientists to Pioneer First Human CRISPR Trial Chinese scientists are on the verge of being first in the world to inject people with cells modified using the CRISPR–Cas9 gene-editing technique. A team led by Lu You, an oncologist at Sichuan University’s West China Hospital in Chengdu, plans to start testing such cells in people with lung cancer. The clinical trial received ethical approval from the hospital’s review board. [Nature News] Editorial Scientific Literature: Information Overload Recent bibliometrics show that the number of published scientific papers has climbed by 8–9% each year over the past several decades. In the biomedical field alone, more than 1 million papers pour into the PubMed database each year — about two papers per minute. [Nature News] Editorial Exactly one month after Britain’s momentous decision to leave the European Union, around 4500 scientists and friends of science will assemble in Manchester, UK, for the opening of the EuroScience Open Forum, Europe’s largest interdisciplinary research conference. [Science] Editorial Trump vs Clinton: Worlds Apart on Science Science is slowly coming into focus in the US presidential campaign. Although neither Republican Donald Trump nor Democrat Hillary Clinton has emphasized core research issues, the candidates — and their parties — are beginning to flesh out their positions on climate change, education, biomedical research and other topics that involve the scientific community. [Nature News] Editorial Public Is Wary of Using Technologies to Enhance Human Performance, Survey Finds A new poll finds that Americans have serious questions about the use of new technologies to enhance the lives of healthy people. Those with strong religious beliefs are especially troubled by the prospect of such enhancements, seeing them as meddling with nature. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
| |
EVENTSNEW International Workshop on Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia & Symposium on Multiple Myeloma Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the human immunology community.
| |
JOB OPPORTUNITIESResearch Associate – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Scientist – Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology and Cancer Immunology (Fox Chase Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal immunology (KU Leuven) Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuro-Immunology (UT Austin) Tenure Track Positions – Chemical Immunology (Institute for Chemical Immunology) Postdoctoral Scientist – Immune Focused In Vitro Research (Celentyx Ltd) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
| |
Have we missed an important article or publication in Human Immunology News? Click here to submit! Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here. | |
|