Human Immunology News Volume 4.34 | Aug 30 2016

TOP STORY

Blockade of αEβ7 Integrin Suppresses Accumulation of CD8⁺ and Th9 Lymphocytes from Patients with IBD in the Inflamed Gut In Vivo

Researchers investigated the role of αEβ7 and α4β7 integrins and their blockade by vedolizumab and etrolizumab for trafficking of IBD T lymphocytes in an in vivo model of homing to and retention in the inflamed gut. [Gut] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Efficient Ex Vivo Analysis of CD4⁺ T-Cell Responses Using Combinatorial HLA Class II Tetramer Staining

Researchers demonstrated a combinatorial staining approach that allows simultaneous characterization of multiple specificities. As proof of principle, they analyzed CD4⁺ T-cell responses to the seasonal influenza vaccine, establishing a frequency hierarchy and examining differences in memory and activation status, lineage commitment and cytokine expression. [Nat Commun] Full Article

PD-L1 Expression in Basaloid Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma: Relationship to PD-1⁺ and CD8⁺ Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells and Outcome

Immunohistochemistry analysis of PD-L1 expression, with three recently validated monoclonal antibodies used in clinical trials, and detection of CD8⁺ and PD-1⁺ tumor-infiltrating T cells was performed on whole-tissue sections from 56 patients following surgery for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

Native Cellulose Nanofibrills Induce Immune Tolerance In Vitro by Acting on Dendritic Cells

Researchers investigated the immunological mechanisms of cellulose nanofibrills (CNFs) in a model of dendritic cell (DC)-mediated immune response. They found that non-toxic concentrations of CNFs impaired the differentiation, and subsequent maturation of human monocyte-derived-DCs. [Sci Rep] Full Article

KLRG1 Restricts Memory T Cell Antitumor Immunity

Scientists showed that killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1 (KLRG1) expression on T cells significantly increased in the tumor microenvironment. KLRG1⁺ T cells exhibited poor proliferative capacity with decreased effector cytokine production. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Expression of Non-Secreted IL-4 Is Associated with HDAC Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death, Histone Acetylation and c-Jun Regulation in Human Gamma/Delta T-Cells

Scientists report the induction of IL-4δ₁₃ expression in human γδ T-cells upon treatment with a sublethal dose of histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid. [Oncotarget] Full Article

CLEC12A-Mediated Antigen Uptake and Cross-Presentation by Human Dendritic Cell Subsets Efficiently Boost Tumor-Reactive T Cell Responses

Investigators investigated whether CLEC12A efficiently delivers tumor Ags into human dendritic cell (DC) subsets, facilitating effective induction of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses. They confirmed that CLEC12A is selectively expressed by myeloid cells, including the myeloid DC subset and the plasmacytoid DC subset. [J Immunol] Abstract

ERβ-Dependent Direct Suppression of Human and Murine Th17 Cells and Treatment of Established Central Nervous System Autoimmunity by a Neurosteroid

Investigators showed that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) suppressed peripheral responses from patients with multiple sclerosis and reversed established paralysis and CNS inflammation in four different experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models, including the 2D2 TCR-transgenic mouse model. DHEA directly inhibited human and murine Th17 cells, inducing IL-10–producing regulatory T cells. [J Immunol] Abstract

Inhibition of CD8⁺ T Cells and Elimination of Myeloid Cells by CD4⁺Foxp3^– T Regulatory Type 1 Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

The authors investigated the potential role of IL-10⁺CD4⁺ Tr1 cells, a regulatory T cell subset with previously identified immunosuppressive functions, in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. [Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol] Abstract

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IL-17 Superfamily Cytokines Modulate Normal Germinal Center B Cell Migration

Researchers review the role of IL-17A on germinal center (GC) cells and discuss, for the first time, common effects of the cognate cytokines IL-25 and IL-17B on GC B cell function. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

Cell Medica and UCL Collaborate to Develop Modified T Cell Receptor Products for the Treatment of Cancer

Cell Medica has signed a research collaboration with UCL (University College London) aiming to utilize UCL’s novel T cell receptor (TCR) technology to generate leading-edge modified TCR products for the treatment of cancer. [Cell Medica] Press Release

AbCellera Completes Antibody Discovery Project with Kodiak Sciences to Identify Lead Therapeutic

AbCellera Biologics Inc. announced the successful completion of its antibody discovery partnership with Kodiak Sciences. [AbCellera Biologics Inc.] Press Release

Go Forth and Replicate!

To make replication studies more useful, researchers must make more of them, funders must encourage them and journals must publish them. [Nature News] Editorial

New Leader of NIH’s Research Watchdog Faces Staff Revolt

Kathryn Partin, who took the helm of ORI in December 2015, has launched a top-to-bottom review of the office, which has been criticized for moving too slowly and meting out sanctions that lack teeth. [ScienceNews] Editorial

South African Academics Warn of Universities on the Brink

More than 1,200 South African academics are warning that the country’s university system is at a tipping point as a result of chronic underfunding. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Cell & Gene Therapy Bioprocessing & Commercialization
October 5-7, 2016
Boston, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Stem Cell Biology & Immunology (Toronto General Research Institute & McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Translational Immunology (University of Eastern Finland)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Utah)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Purdue Center for Cancer Research)

Assistant Associate – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunomodulatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (NYU Langone Medical Center)

Principal Investigator – Cancer Immunology/Immunotherapy (Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Microbiology, Immunology, Biochemistry (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology and Cancer Immunology (Fox Chase Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Molecular/Cellular Immunology (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)

Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine (Stanford University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Thymic and Immune Regeneration (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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