Human Immunology News Volume 4.42 | Oct 25 2016

TOP STORY

Regulatory T Cell Specificity Directs Tolerance versus Allergy against Aeroantigens in Humans

Investigators used antigen-reactive T cell enrichment to identify antigen-specific human regulatory T cells (Tregs). They demonstrated dominant Treg-mediated tolerance against particulate aeroallergens, such as pollen, house dust mites, and fungal spores. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Programs for the Persistence, Vigilance and Control of Human CD8⁺ Lung-Resident Memory T Cells

Scientists characterized memory T cells expressing integrin αE that reside within the epithelial barrier of human lungs. These cells had specialized profiles of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules, consistent with their unique localization. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Fucoidan Inhibits CCL22 Production through NF-κB Pathway in M2 Macrophages: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer

The authors focused on the effect of fucoidan on macrophages, especially the M2 subtype. They demonstrated that fucoidan down-regulated partial cytokines and chemokines, especially a M2-type chemokine CCL22. [Sci Rep] Full Article

PD-L1 Is a Critical Mediator of Regulatory B Cells and T Cells in Invasive Breast Cancer

Elevated CD19⁺ CD24⁺ CD38⁺ regulatory B cells (Bregs) were observed in PBMCs of invasive carcinoma of breast patients compared with that in patients with fibroadenoma or healthy individuals, and a positive correlation existed between Bregs and CD4⁺ CD25⁺ CD127⁻ regulatory T cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Marsdenia tenacissimae Extraction (MTE) Inhibits the Proliferation and Induces the Apoptosis of Human Acute T Cell Leukemia Cells through Inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway via PTEN Enhancement

Scientists evaluated the effects of MTE on the proliferation and apoptosis of Jurkat cells and lymphocytes from T-ALL (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia) patients. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Mapping Urinary Chemokines in Human Lupus Nephritis: Potentially Redundant Pathways Recruit CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T Cells and Macrophages

Investigators assessed various chemokine pathways in human Lupus nephritis by comparing urinary chemokine concentrations with the expression of corresponding chemokine receptors on urinary leukocytes. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

DUSP23 Is Overexpressed and Linked to the Expression of DNMTs in CD4⁺ T Cells from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

The authors evaluated the transcriptional expression of DUSP23 in CD4⁺ T cells from 30 SLE patients and 30 healthy controls. [Clin Exp Immunol] Abstract

FcμR in Human B Cell Subsets in Primary Selective IgM Deficiency, and Regulation of FcμR and Production of Natural IgM Antibodies by IGIV

Researchers investigated IgMFcR (FcμR) expression in naïve marginal zone, IgM memory, and class-switched memory B cells in patients with selective IgM deficiency and healthy controls. [Hum Immunol] Abstract

Immunotoxic Effects of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles: Inhibition of Mitogen-Induced Proliferative Responses and Viability of Human and Murine Lymphocytes In Vitro

The immunomodulatory potential of gold nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles was investigated in vitro using murine splenic and human peripheral blood lymphocytes in terms of effects on viability and mitogen-induced proliferation. [J Immunotoxicol] Abstract

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T Cell Genesis: In Vitro Veritas Est?

The authors discuss recent strategies for the generation of T cells from human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and pluripotent stem cells in vitro. Continued advancement in the generation of human T cells in vitro will expand their benefits and therapeutic potential in the clinic. [Trends Immunol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

TxCell and University of British Columbia Start Collaboration to Develop CAR-Tregs in Solid Organ Transplantation

TxCell SA announced the signature of a strategic R&D collaboration agreement with the University of British Columbia. This collaboration agreement covers the development of a CAR-Treg-based cellular immunotherapy for the prevention of graft rejection in the context of solid organ transplantation. [TxCell SA] Press Release

Debiopharm International SA Announces Clinical Collaboration with the Merck-Pfizer Alliance in Cancer Immunotherapy

Debiopharm International announced that it has entered into a collaboration agreement with Merck and Pfizer to evaluate Debio 1143, an oral, small molecule inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins), in combination with avelumab, an investigational fully human anti-PD-L1 IgG1 monoclonal antibody, in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. [Debiopharm International SA] Press Release

Opsona Therapeutics Ltd. Receives Orphan Designation for Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) with OPN-305, a First-in-Class Monoclonal Antibody that Blocks Toll-Like Receptor 2

Opsona Therapeutics Ltd announced that it has received orphan drug designation from the United States Food and Drug Administration for myelodysplastic syndromes. [Opsona Therapeutics Ltd] Press Release

Review Finds Misconduct in Events Surrounding WHO Fetal Growth Study

For the first time in its 68-year history, the World Health Organization (WHO) has concluded that researchers are guilty of research misconduct. An independent review commissioned by WHO has found that “research ethics misconduct occurred” in a multimillion-dollar global study on fetal growth led by researchers at the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Two Major California Research Institutes Will Merge

One of the biggest nonprofit biomedical research outfits in the world is getting a new translational medicine research arm, aimed at speeding the conversion of basic research insights into novel medicines. Officials at the Scripps Research Institute announced that it will merge with the California Institute for Biomedical Research, which was launched in 2012 as a nonprofit version of a drug development company. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

To Save Money, NSF Requires University Cost-Sharing for Rotators

The National Science Foundation (NSF) has decided that universities should pay 10% of the salaries of faculty members working temporarily at the agency. NSF hopes the new policy will demonstrate its commitment to saving taxpayer dollars without alienating the academic community that it relies upon to stay on the cutting edge of basic science. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 18^th International Conference on Immunology (ICI) 2016
December 12-13, 2016
Bangkok, Thailand

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Scientist – T Cells in Autoimmune Diabetes (Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Anti-Tumor Immunity in Tetraspanin-Deficient Mice (Radboud University Medical Center)

Assistant Professor – Microbiology and Immunology (University of California, San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellow or Research Associate – Immunology (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center – Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

Principal Investigator – Immunology (Singapore Immunology Network)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Klinikum der Universität München)

Faculty Positions – Immunology (Ohio State University)

Research Associate – Cellular Therapy (California Institute for Biomedical Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Immunology (University of California San Diego School of Medicine)

Faculty Positions – Various Areas (Jackson Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Stem Cell Biology & Immunology (Toronto General Research Institute & McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Utah)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Purdue Center for Cancer Research)

Assistant Associate – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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