Human Immunology News 4.43 November 1, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYInvestigators present an analysis of 50 of a total of 236 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell lines grown from individual handpicked islets or clones directly sorted from handpicked, dispersed islets from nine donors with type 1 diabetes. Seventeen of these T cell lines and clones reacted to a broad range of studied native islet antigens and to post-translationally modified peptides. [Nat Med] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Neutrophils License iNKT Cells to Regulate Self-Reactive Mouse B Cell Responses As increased concentrations of this cytokine are found in inflammatory diseases, researchers investigated the origin of the B cell response and its regulation. They identified an accumulation of B cell–helper neutrophils in the spleen that interacted with innate-type invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) to regulate B cell responses. [Nat Immunol] Abstract PARP9 and PARP14 Cross-Regulate Macrophage Activation via STAT1 ADP-Ribosylation Investigators showed, with global proteomic analysis of macrophage cell lines treated with either IFNγ or IL-4, that PARP9 and PARP14 regulate macrophage activation. In primary macrophages, PARP9 and PARP14 have opposing roles in macrophage activation. [Nat Commun] Full Article Defective Replication Stress Response Inhibits Lymphomagenesis and Impairs Lymphocyte Reconstitution Using a gamma radiation-induced replication stress T-cell lymphoma mouse model, researchers observed a significant inhibition of lymphomagenesis in mice lacking one or both alleles of Smarcal1. Notably, a quarter of the Smarcal1-deficient mice did not develop tumors. [Oncogene] Abstract Impact of Tofacitinib Treatment on Human B-Cells In Vitro and In Vivo Scientists assessed the effect of tofacitinib on B-lymphocyte differentiation and function. Tofacitinib treatment strongly impaired in vitro plasmablast development, immunoglobulin secretion and induction of B-cell fate determining transcription factors, Blimp-1, Xbp-1, and IRF-4, in naïve B-cells. [J Autoimmun] Abstract dnTGF-βRII Il2ra−/− (Il2ra−/−Tg) mice spontaneously developed multi-organ autoimmune diseases with expansion of pathogenic T cells and enhanced germinal center response at 3–4 weeks of age. Importantly, peripheral Treg cells from Il2ra−/−Tg mice demonstrated an activated Th1-like stable phenotype and normal in vitro suppressive function, while thymus Treg increased but manifested decreased suppressive function. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Scientists showed that fever-range hyperthermia accelerates the rate of neutrophil apoptosis at neutral pH but markedly increases neutrophil survival induced by low pH. An opposite effect was observed in lymphocytes; hyperthermia plus low pH prevents lymphocyte activation and promotes the death of lymphocytes and lymphoid cell lines. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Survival of Mature T Cells Depends on Signaling through HOIP The authors showed that in T-HOIPΔlinear mice lacking the ubiquitin ligase activity of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, thymic CD4+ or CD8+ T cell numbers were markedly reduced with severe defects in NKT cell development. [Sci Rep] Full Article Pollen/TLR4 Innate Immunity Signaling Initiates IL-33/ST2/Th2 Pathways in Allergic Inflammation Researchers explored a novel pollen/TLR4 innate immunity in allergic inflammation. In experimental allergic conjunctivitis induced by short ragweed pollen, typical allergic signs, stimulated IL-33/ST2 signaling and overproduced Th2 cytokine were observed in ocular surface, cervical lymph nodes and isolated CD4+ T cells of BALB/c mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors’ aim was to investigate the interleukin 16 (IL-16) serum levels and IL-16 mRNA skin expression in psoriasis patients in correlation with disease severity and mRNA skin expression for CD4. Moreover, the IL-16 skin localization was assessed and the -295 T/C IL-16 polymorphism was analyzed. [PLoS One] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSFood Allergy: Immune Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Immunotherapy The authors discuss the diagnosis and treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy in the context of the immune mechanisms associated with healthy tolerance to common foods, the inflammatory response underlying most food allergies, and immunotherapy-induced desensitization. They highlight promising research advances, therapeutic innovations and the challenges that remain. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract Autoimmunity and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: New Pathophysiology Recent data suggest that symptoms in a subset of subjects with irritable bowel syndrome result from an overabundance of bacteria in the small intestine that in turn results from an initial case of acute bacterial gastroenteritis. [Am J Gastroenterol Suppl] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSBellicum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, a leading European pediatric research center and hospital, announced that they have entered into an expanded collaboration focused on preclinical and clinical development of CD19 and other CAR T and TCR therapeutics engineered with Bellicum’s CaspaCIDe® molecular safety switch technology. [Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release TissueGene, Inc. announced an exclusive licensing and development agreement between Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation of Japan and TissueGene’s Asia licensee, Kolon Life Science of Korea. The agreement between the two companies focuses on the development and commercialization of Invossaâ„¢, the world’s first cell-mediated gene therapy for degenerative osteoarthritis for the Japanese market. [TissueGene, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd. announced that it has reached an agreement with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on the final design of a global pivotal Phase III trial for its lead drug candidate, Piclidenoson, in the treatment of psoriasis. Can-Fite intends to initiate the Phase III trial in the second half of 2017. [Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd.] Press Release Immune Therapeutics, Inc. announced that the Ministry of Health and Prevention Division of Pharmacy in the Republic of Senegal accepted for review the company’s New Drug Applications for LodonalTM as a stand-alone or adjunct therapy non-toxic in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, cancer and as an immune booster. [Immune Therapeutics (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release Eisai Co., Ltd. announced that enrollment has commenced in MISSION AD, a Phase III clinical program of the beta secretase cleaving enzyme (BACE) inhibitor E2609 in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease in the United States. E2609 was discovered by Eisai and is being jointly developed by Eisai and Biogen Inc. as a potential Alzheimer’s disease modifying treatment. [Eisai Co. Ltd.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSPublisher Pulls 58 Articles by Iranian Scientists over Authorship Manipulation A tranche of 58 articles authored by 282 Iran-based researchers were retracted by a leading scientific publisher, which said it had found signs that the peer review and publication processes had been compromised. [Nature News] Editorial Young Scientists Ditch Postdocs for Biotech Start-Ups There is a vanguard of young biomedical scientists who have started companies instead of taking the conventional academic path and pursuing postdoctoral studies after their PhDs. Among the factors driving this change are an infusion of money into early-stage biotech investing, the emergence of biotech incubators and the scarcity of academic jobs in science. [Nature News] Editorial Beyond Trump vs Clinton: A Scientist’s Guide to the US Election Choices that voters make will influence other levels of government — and some of these decisions will steer the course of science and science policy. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Global Forum on Transplantation Research and Technologies Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Scientist – Cellular Immunotherapy R&D (Celgene Corporation) Scientist – T Cells in Autoimmune Diabetes (Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen) Assistant Professor – Microbiology and Immunology (University of California, San Francisco) Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (Brigham and Women’s Hospital) Principal Investigator – Immunology (Singapore Immunology Network) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (Klinikum der Universität München) Faculty Positions – Immunology (Ohio State University) Research Associate – Cellular Therapy (California Institute for Biomedical Research) Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Immunology (University of California San Diego School of Medicine) Faculty Positions – Various Areas (Jackson Laboratory) Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Utah) Postdoctoral Fellow – Metastatic Breast Cancer (Purdue Center for Cancer Research) Assistant Associate – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Human Immunology News Volume 4.43 | Nov 1 2016