Human Immunology News 5.15 April 18, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYT-Cell Invigoration to Tumor Burden Ratio Associated with Anti-PD-1 Response Researchers used immune profiling of peripheral blood from patients with stage IV melanoma before and after treatment with the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-targeting antibody pembrolizumab and identified pharmacodynamic changes in circulating exhausted-phenotype CD8 T cells. [Nature] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)RNase 7 Downregulates TH2 Cytokine Production by Activated Human T-Cells Isolated human CD3+ T-cells were stimulated with RNase 7 and screened for possible effects by mRNA microarray analysis. The results of the mRNA microarray were confirmed in isolated CD4+T-cells and in polarized TH2 cells using skin derived native RNase 7 and a recombinant ribonuclease-inactive RNase 7 mutant. [Allergy] Abstract Scientists characterized the process of IFN-β induction by c-di-AMP and GMP–AMP (cGAMP) in an in vitro model on the basis of primary mouse dendritic cells. Results obtained show decreased IFN-β production upon prolonged cell stimulation. They demonstrated that this effect depends on c-di-AMP/cGAMP-mediated down-regulation of stimulator of IFN gene (STING) protein levels. These results were confirmed by using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived dendritic cells. [FASEB J] Abstract Investigators determined whether imatinib mesylate (IM) interferes with IL-7 or T cell receptor signaling to explain lower T cell counts in patients. In vitro studies confirmed IM interference with TCR signaling through the inhibition of ERK phosphorylation and they showed a similar effect on IL-7 signaling and STAT5 phosphorylation. [Blood Cancer J] Full Article Phenotypic Characterization of Regulatory T Cells from Antiretroviral Naïve HIV-1 Infected People Scientists showed that in antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infection, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are dominated by effector and effector memory cells. In contrast Tregs from HIV negative people were mainly naïve and central memory cells. [Immunology] Abstract High interleukin-2 levels led to a decrease in overall generation of early memory T cells by both decreasing central memory T cells and augmenting effectors. T memory stem cells were present variably during T-cell expansion. [Cytotherapy] Full Article Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and B and T cell neogenesis indexes were analyzed together at different time points in a prospective study of 50 patients. Principal component analysis was used as the first step of multivariate analysis to address issues related to a high number of variables versus a relatively low number of patients. [PLoS One] Full Article Researchers found that in peripheral blood, CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells or CD14+ monocytes, from osteoarthritis patients presented significantly elevated T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 and galectin-9 expression compared to those from healthy controls. [Inflammation] Abstract In Vitro Immunoregulatory Effects of Thymoglobulin on Human Immune Cell Subpopulations Investigators elucidated possible mechanisms underlying the suppressive activity of thymoglobulin (ATG). For in vitro studies, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were incubated with ATG or control Ig for various time points. [Immunol Lett] Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSImmune Dysregulation in Immunodeficiency Disorders: The Role of T-Cell Receptor Sequencing The authors discusses how recent advances in T-cell receptor next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have led to the in-depth characterization of CDR3 sequences and an exponential growth in examinable parameters. Specifically, they highlight the use of junctional diversity as a means to differentiate intrinsic T-cell defects from secondary causes of repertoire perturbation in primary immunodeficiency disorders. [J Autoimmun] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSNivalis Therapeutics and Alpine Immune Sciences Agree to Combine Nivalis Therapeutics, Inc. and Alpine Immune Sciences, Inc. jointly announced that they have entered into a definitive merger agreement under which Alpine will merge with a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nivalis in an all-stock transaction. [Nivalis Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release Rigel Submits New Drug Application to FDA for Fostamatinib in Chronic ITP Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that it has submitted a New Drug Application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for fostamatinib in patients with chronic and persistent immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). [Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Novartis announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted breakthrough therapy designation to CTL019, an investigational chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed and refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), who have failed two or more prior therapies. [Novartis AG] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSFrench-Election Fears Unite Scientists in Defense of Liberal Democracy For scientists in France, the presidential contest is often a chance to debate research and science-related issues. When Nicolas Sarkozy was elected a decade ago, for example, university reforms and environmental policy featured prominently in the campaigns. But this time, science has barely been mentioned — elbowed out by political scandals and the rise of Marine Le Pen’s far-right Front National party. [Nature News] Editorial Republican Scientists Negotiate the Trump Era Conservative academics face a growing tension between their politics and the liberal atmosphere on many US campuses. [Nature News] Editorial With This New System, Scientists Never Have to Write a Grant Application Again Almost every scientist agrees: Applying for research funding is a drag. Writing a good proposal can take months, and the chances of getting funded are often slim. Funding agencies, meanwhile, spend more and more time and money reviewing growing stacks of applications. That’s why two researchers are proposing a radically different system that would do away with applications and reviews; instead scientists would just give each other money. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma (ICML) Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Scientist – Innate Immune Biology in Cirrhosis (The Foundation for Liver Research) Postdoctoral Scholar – Multiple Sclerosis (University of Washington) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Inflammation and Immuno-Oncology (Yale School of Medicine) Research Assistant – Immunology (University of Cambridge) Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Translational Immunology (The University of Utah) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune-Oncology (Johnson and Johnson) Postdoctoral Researcher – Development of Immune System (Lund University) Research Investigator – Immuno-Oncology (Bristol-Meyers Squibb) Assistant Associate – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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