Human Immunology News Volume 5.34 | Aug 29 2017

TOP STORY

First Atlas of B-Cell Clones in Human Body Forms New Foundation for Infectious Disease Research

A new “anatomic atlas” of how B cells – the immune system’s producer of antibodies – link up to form networks has been charted by researchers. This map will be an important resource for researchers and clinicians studying infectious diseases, the microbiome, vaccine responses, and tissue-specific immunity. [Press release from Penn Medicine discussing online prepublication in Nature Biotechnology] Press Release | Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Alloimmune Responses of Humanized Mice to Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapeutics

An in-depth analysis of graft-infiltrating human lymphocytes and splenocytes revealed that humanized mice incompletely model human immune responses toward allogeneic stem cells and their derivatives. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

Evaluating the Effect of Immune Cells on the Outcome of Patients with Mesothelioma

Researchers systematically assessed the prognostic and predictive value of infiltrating adaptive and innate immune cells in a large cohort of patients with advanced mesothelioma. [Br J Cancer] Full Article

Estrogen Receptor α/HDAC/NFAT Axis for Delphinidin Effects on Proliferation and Differentiation of T Lymphocytes from Patients with Cardiovascular Risks

Scientists investigated the effect of delphinidin on proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes from healthy subjects and metabolic syndrome patients. Delphinidin decreased the proliferation stimulated by different agents acting through different mechanisms. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Patients with Medulloblastoma at Diagnosis and during Standard Irradiation and Chemotherapy (PBTC N-11)

The authors evaluated circulating levels of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and other lymphocyte subsets in patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma undergoing surgery compared to a control cohort of patients undergo craniectomy for correction of Chiari malformation and further determined the impact of standard irradiation and chemotherapy on this cell population. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract

Dynamics of Regulatory T Cells (T_regs) in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The phenotypic and functional characteristics of Treg CD4⁺CD25⁺FoxP3⁺ subsets in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients were assessed by multicolor flow cytometry and its effector component by Western blot and qRT-PCR. [J Surg Oncol] Abstract

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and RNA-Containing Immune Complexes Drive Expansion of Peripheral B Cell Subsets with an SLE-Like Phenotype

B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were isolated from blood of healthy individuals and stimulated with immune complexes consisting of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-IgG and U1snRNP. Expression of cell surface molecules as well as IL-6 and IL-10 production were determined by flow cytometry and immunoassays. [PLoS One] Full Article

Altered Blood Cytokines, CD4 T Cells, NK and Neutrophils in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Scientists investigated the association of obstructive sleep apnea with potential alterations in 14 Th1/Th2 and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, CD4 and CD8 T cells, NK cells, and the NADPH oxidase activation and phagocytic functions in neutrophils. [Immunol Lett] Abstract

Human Lung Tumor FOXP3⁺ Tregs Upregulate Four “Treg-Locking” Transcription Factors

Researchers studied the phenotypic, functional, epigenetic, and transcriptional features of Tregs in 92 patients with non–small-cell lung cancer, comparing the features of Tregs within tumors versus corresponding blood, lung, and lymph node samples. [JCI Insight] Full Article

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The Transcriptional Program, Functional Heterogeneity, and Clinical Targeting of Mast Cells

The authors document the biology of mast cells and introduce new concepts and opinions regarding their role in human diseases beyond immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic responses and antiparasitic functions. [J Exp Med] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

TSRI Awarded $11 Million Grant Renewal by NIAID for Long-Running Study of Immunity, Inflammation

The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) has been awarded a five-year, $11.2 million grant from the National Institute for Allergic and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The award is a continuation of support for a long-running, collaborative project to reveal the detailed workings of the mammalian immune system. [The Scripps Research Institute] Press Release

Gilead Sciences to Acquire Kite Pharma for $11.9 Billion

Gilead Sciences, Inc. and Kite Pharma, Inc. announced that the companies have entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which Gilead will acquire Kite for $180.00 per share in cash. [Gilead Sciences, Inc.] Press Release

Protalex Doses First Patient in Third Cohort of European Phase Ib Study of PRTX-100 in ITP

Protalex, Inc. announced that following a planned interim analysis of data from the second dose cohort of its European Phase Ib study of PRTX-100 in adults with persistent/chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), the company has initiated enrollment in the third cohort of this dose-escalating study. [Protalex, Inc.] Press Release

Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D. on the FDA’s New Policy Steps and Enforcement Efforts to Ensure Proper Oversight of Stem Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine

In the last few days alone, the FDA has taken steps in Florida and California to address a number of especially troubling products being marketed. But unfortunately, these are examples of a larger pool of actors who claim that their unproven and unsafe products will address a serious disease, but instead put patients at significant risk. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Editorial

FDA Warns US Stem Cell Clinic of Significant Deviations

The FDA posted a warning letter issued to US Stem Cell Clinic of Sunrise, Florida, and its Chief Scientific Officer Kristin Comella for marketing stem cell products without FDA approval and for significant deviations from current good manufacturing practice requirements, including some that could impact the sterility of their products, putting patients at risk. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Editorial

NEW Cell Symposia: Human Immunity
October 22-24, 2017
Banff, Alberta, Canada

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (Malaghan Institute of Medical Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology Cell Based Assay (Turnstone Biologics Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology Relating to Type 1 Diabetes (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Protein Engineering Scientists – Oncology, Autoimmune and Infectious Diseases (Immunocore)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Regulation of Immune Responses (University of Iowa)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Immune Signaling and Metabolism (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Immunology (Harvard Medical School, Joslin Diabetes Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Inflammatory Diseases (University of Pennsylvania)

Assistant Professor – Cell Science (University of Manitoba)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Autoimmune Disease Research (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason)

Postdoctoral Fellow – B Cells in Autoimmune Diseases (Inserm)

Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Biology and Immunology (Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Neuroimmunology (Duke University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cell Biology and Innate Immunity (The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Innate Immunity (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Assistant, Associate or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

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