Human Immunology News 6.02 January 16, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYFast-Tracking T Cell Therapies with Immune-Mimicking Biomaterials With an antigen-presenting cell-mimetic biomaterial scaffold, researchers achieved greater expansion of primary mouse and human T cells than with existing methods; and they demonstrated the approach’s potential in a mouse lymphoma model treated with chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T cells that are engineered to home in on and destroy lymphoma cells. [Press release from the Wyss Institute discussing online prepublication in Nature Biotechnology] Press Release | Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)CX3CR1+ Mononuclear Phagocytes Control Immunity to Intestinal Fungi Investigators identified CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) as being essential for the initiation of innate and adaptive immune responses to intestinal fungi. CX3CR1+ MNPs expressed antifungal receptors and activate antifungal responses in a Syk-dependent manner. [Science] Abstract | Press Release Western Diet Triggers NLRP3-Dependent Innate Immune Reprogramming Researchers investigated whether sterile triggers of inflammation induce trained immunity and thereby influence innate immune responses. Myeloid cell responses toward innate stimuli remained broadly augmented. Western diet-induced transcriptomic and epigenomic reprogramming of myeloid progenitor cells led to increased proliferation and enhanced innate immune responses. [Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract Metabolic Induction of Trained Immunity through the Mevalonate Pathway Scientists report that metabolic signals can induce trained immunity. Pharmacological and genetic experiments revealed that activation of the cholesterol synthesis pathway, but not the synthesis of cholesterol itself, is essential for training of myeloid cells. [Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract The authors report that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with a potent ability to suppress T cells are present during the first weeks of life in mice and humans. MDSC suppressive activity was triggered by lactoferrin and mediated by nitric oxide, PGE2, and S100A9 and S100A8 proteins. [Nat Med] Abstract | Press Release Investigators showed that macrophages released extracellular traps (ETs) comprising DNA fibers and granule proteins in a mouse model of rhabdomyolysis. Heme-activated platelets released from necrotic muscle cells during rhabdomyolysis enhanced the production of macrophage ETs through increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and histone citrullination. [Nat Med] Abstract Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Promote Systemic Sclerosis with a Key Role for TLR8 The authors showed that plasmacytoid dendritic cells infiltrate the skin of systemic sclerosis patients and are chronically activated, leading to secretion of interferon-α and CXCL4, which are both hallmarks of the disease. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release Reprogramming of Pro-Inflammatory Human Macrophages to an Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype by Bile Acids Bile acids act as signaling molecules, affecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine expression in primary human macrophages. Scientists investigated the impact of bile acids, such as taurolithocholic acid, on the transcriptome of human macrophages in the presence or absence of LPS. [Sci Rep] Full Article Human CD4+ CD25+ CD127hi Cells and the Th1/Th2 Phenotype Researchers characterized the CD25+ CD127hi cells. They showed that they are a mix of Th1 and Th2 cells; however, they have a significantly higher relative frequency of pre-committed and committed Th2 cells, and secrete significantly higher levels of Th2-type cytokines than CD25– memory T cells. [Clin Immunol] Abstract Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSImpact of Oncogenic Pathways on Evasion of Antitumor Immune Responses The authors summarize the current knowledge of the influence of oncogenic effects on evasion of antitumor immunity. [Nat Rev Cancer] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSForty Seven Inc. announced an agreement with Genentech Inc. for Genentech to sponsor two clinical trials combining Forty Seven’s CD47 antibody, Hu5F9-G4, with Genentech’s PD-L1 antibody, atezolizumab, in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and with urothelial cancer. [Forty Seven Inc.] Press Release NANOBIOTIX announced it will begin a pre-clinical collaboration with Providence Cancer Institute to study Nanobiotix’s lead product, NBTXR3, a first-in-class nanoparticle designed for direct injection into cancerous tumors and activation by radiotherapy. [Nanobiotix] Press Release Gamida Cell announced the initiation of a Phase I study evaluating its proprietary NAM-expanded natural killer cells (NAM-NK Cells) in patients with relapsed or refractory CD20+ non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. [Gamida Cell] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSMake Replication Studies ‘A Normal and Essential Part of Science,’ Dutch Science Academy Says Scientists, universities, funding agencies, and journals alike should be doing much more to ensure the reproducibility of scientific research, according to a new report released by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. [ScienceInsider] Editorial South Korean Universities Reach Agreement with Elsevier after Long Standoff After a months-long standoff, a consortium of hundreds of South Korean universities has reached a new deal with scientific publisher Elsevier for access to ScienceDirect, a database containing content from 3,500 academic journals and thousands of electronic books. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Keystone Symposia: The Resolution of Inflammation in Health and Disease NEW World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Scientist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Position – Microbiology and Immunology (University of Maryland) Biologist – Immunology (Eli Lilly and Company) Head of Laboratory – Cancer Vaccines/Oncolytic Viruses (Boehringer Ingelheim) Investigator – Immuno-Oncology (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Scientist – Immuno-Oncology (Bristol-Myers Squibb) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Surveillance (University of Massachusetts) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Human Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason) PhD Candidate – Innate Immunity in Lung Adenocarcinoma (Helmholtz Zentrum München) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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