Human Immunology News 6.27 July 10, 2018 | |
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TOP STORYGenetic Determinants of Co-Accessible Chromatin Regions in Activated T Cells across Humans Investigators analyzed ATAC-seq and RNA-seq profiles from stimulated primary CD4+ T cells in up to 105 healthy donors. They found that regions of accessible chromatin are co-accessible at kilobase and megabase resolution, consistent with the three-dimensional chromatin organization measured by in situ Hi-C in T cells. [Nat Genet] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Researchers showed that when antigen-bearing dendritic cells (DCs) contacted T cells, DCs initiated anti-pathogenic programs. Signals of this interaction were transmitted from the T cell to the DC, through extracellular vesicles that contain genomic and mitochondrial DNA, to induce antiviral responses via the cGAS/STING cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway and expression of IRF3-dependent interferon regulated genes. [Nat Commun] Full Article Tomosyn Functions as a PKCδ-Regulated Fusion Clamp in Mast Cell Degranulation Scientists found that the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) binding protein tomosyn-1 inhibited Fce receptor I-stimulated degranulation of mast cells. After mast cell activation, tomosyn-1 was phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues, dissociated from the SNARE protein syntaxin (STX) 4, and associated with STX3. [Sci Signal] Abstract Engagement of CD226 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of VAV1 and synergized with T cell receptor (TCR) signals to specifically enhance the production of interleukin-17 (IL-17) by primary human CD4+ T cells. [Sci Signal] Abstract The authors identified a novel subset of CD45+CD33lowCD11bdim myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Investigators demonstrated that treatment of human dendritic cell (DC) with polyphenols limited DC maturation, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and prevented induction of allospecific T cell responses, in a manner partially dependent on carbon monoxide. [Sci Rep] Full Article Innate and Adaptive Immune Dysregulation in Critically Ill ICU Patients The authors evaluated whether ICU patients who developed persistent critical illness displayed an immune profile similar to an aged immune phenotype and any associations with patient outcomes. [Sci Rep] Full Article Reprogramming of Th1 Cells into Regulatory T Cells through Rewiring of the Metabolic Status Researchers established a culture method for inducing Foxp3 from mouse and human T helper 1 (Th1) cells. This was achieved simply by resting Th1 cells without TCR ligation before stimulation in the presence of transforming growth factor beta. [Int Immunol] Abstract Blood and urine samples were collected from 18 steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome patients before rituximab, and after one month and one year or at first relapse. T and B lymphocytes and urinary CD80 excretion were determined by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. [Pediatr Res] Abstract B Lymphocytes Can Be Activated to Act as Antigen Presenting Cells to Promote Anti-Tumor Responses Scientists showed that B lymphocytes from cervical cancer patients responded to treatment with sCD40L and IL-4 by increasing the CD80+CD86+ population, therefore potentially increasing their ability to activate T cells. [PLoS One] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSThe Elusive Case of Human Intraepithelial T Cells in Gut Homeostasis and Inflammation Investigators review the literature on the involvement of human intraepithelial T cells in gut homeostasis and inflammation, and how these cells are influenced by the microbiota and dietary antigens. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSThomas Jefferson University and BioVaxys LLC announced that they have entered into an exclusive worldwide license agreement for a technology comprising highly-targeted, patient-specific, immunotherapeutic vaccines to treat ovarian cancer, melanoma, and other solid tumor types. [Thomas Jefferson University (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release TxCell SA announced it has exercised its exclusive option to in-license the intellectual property rights of one of its academic partners, the University of British Columbia, onto the HLA-A2 CAR-regulatory T cell (Treg) program. [TxCell SA] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSReport Advocates Broader Return of Research Results A 335-page report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine urges researchers and regulators to return more biological data to the people whose samples yielded it in the first place. [ScienceInsider] Editorial New Scheme for Overseas Researchers to Come to the UK The new ‘UKRI Science, Research and Academia’ scheme, which allows non-EEA researchers, scientists and academics to come to the UK for up to 2 years, opened on Friday 6 July, the Immigration Minister announced. The new scheme, which is being added to the Tier 5 visa route, has been introduced to reflect and encourage the ongoing growth of the research sector in the UK. [UK Visas and Immigration] Editorial Germany’s Prestigious Max Planck Society Investigates New Allegations of Abuse The Max Planck Society, one of Germany’s wealthiest and most prestigious research organizations, is investigating fresh allegations of bullying and sexual harassment following an anonymous survey at one of its institutes. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 2nd AACR International Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunotherapy (California Institute for Biomedical Research) Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Professorship – Molecular Immune Regulation (Kiel University) PhD Student – Cellular Immunotherapy (Glycostem Therapeutics) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunoengineering for Muscle Regeneration (Duke University) PhD Student Positions – Immunology (Multiple Locations) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Boston University School of Medicine) Scientist/Senior Scientist – Lentivirus Production (Obsidian Therapeutics) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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