Human Immunology News Volume 6.43 | Oct 30 2018

TOP STORY

High Prevalence of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9-Reactive T Cells within the Adult Human Population

Researchers showed the presence of a preexisting ubiquitous effector T cell response directed toward the most widely used Cas9 homolog from S. pyogenes within healthy humans. [Nat Med] Abstract

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Activated β-Catenin in Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cells Links Inflammatory Environments to Autoimmunity

Scientists identified an imbalance between the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-10 as a shared regulatory T cell signature present in patients with multiple sclerosis and under high-salt conditions. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Control B Cell Accumulation in the Central Nervous System during Autoimmunity

The authors showed that polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells can restrain B cell accumulation during central nervous system autoimmunity. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

CD8⁺ T-Cells Contribute to Lesion Stabilization in Advanced Atherosclerosis by Limiting Macrophage Content and CD4⁺ T-Cell Responses

Investigators set out to determine the role of CD8⁺ T-cells in advanced atherosclerosis. Human endarterectomy samples analyzed by flow cytometry showed a negative correlation between the percentage of CD8⁺ T-cells and macrophages [Cardiovasc Res] Abstract

Lipoxin B₄ Enhances Human Memory B Cell Antibody Production via Upregulating Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression

The authors investigated the effects of lipoxin B₄ on human B cells using cells from healthy donors and donors vaccinated against influenza virus in vitro. [J Immunol] Abstract

Quantitative Assessment of T Cell Clonotypes in Human Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease Tissues

T cell receptor-β deep sequencing of various graft-versus-host disease tissue samples and concurrent peripheral blood obtained from post-transplant patients was performed in combination with functional assays of tissue-infiltrating T cell clones. [Biol Blood Marrow Transplant] Full Article

Construction and Functional Characterization of a Fully Human Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (huCAR)-Expressing Primary Human T Cells

Investigators designed and constructed a second-generation fully huCAR19 containing a fully human single-chain variable fragment fused with a CD8a hinge, a 4-1BB transmembrane domain and intracellular T cell signaling domains of 4-1BB and CD3z. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

miR302c, Sp1, and NFATc2 Regulate Interleukin-21 Expression in Human CD4⁺CD45RO⁺ T Lymphocytes

Scientists established the miRNA profile of CD4⁺CD45RO⁺ versus CD4⁺CD45RA⁺ isolated from healthy volunteers and identified a signature composed of 12 differentially expressed miRNAs. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Frequencies of PD-1- and PD-L1- Positive T CD3⁺CD4⁺, T CD3⁺CD8⁺ and B CD19⁺ Lymphocytes and Its Correlations with Other Immune Cells in Patients with Recurrent Furunculosis

Patients with chronic furunculosis presented with the similar number of lymphocytes, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, CD8⁺CD3⁺ T suppressor lymphocytes, and CD19⁺ B lymphocytes to controls, but significant differences were found between subpopulation of those cells. [Microb Pathog] Abstract

USP7 Deubiquitinates and Stabilizes NOTCH1 in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Scientists report that ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) stabilized NOTCH1. USP7 deubiquitinated NOTCH1 in vivo and in vitro, whereas knockdown of USP7 increased the ubiquitination of NOTCH1. [Signal Transduct Target Ther] Abstract

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Immune Regulation of Metastasis: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities

The authors describe the main mechanisms of immune regulation of metastasis that have been reported to date, and present promising immunotherapeutic options that are currently available, or may become so in the near future, to tackle metastasis. [Dis Model Mech] Abstract

Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapies: Harnessing the Power of the Immune System to Fight Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Researchers review the use of anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy used in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. [Curr Hematol Malig Rep] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field.

Novartis Wins Esteemed Prix Galien Foundation Best Biotechnology Product Award for CAR-T Cell Therapy, Kymriah^®

Novartis was awarded the 2018 Prix Galien USA Award for Best Biotechnology Product for Kymriah^® following its first-in-class approval by the FDA for the treatment of children and young adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. [Novartis AG (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Miriam Merad, MD, PhD, Receives Top Award for Contributions to Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Miriam Merad, MD, PhD, Director of the Precision Immunotherapy Institute and the program leader of the Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group at The Tisch Cancer Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, has received the Cancer Research Institute’s top honor, one previously awarded to two Nobel laureates, for her contributions to cancer immunology and immunotherapy. [Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai] Press Release

Foundational 10,000 Immunomes Project Uses Mass Cytometry to Establish a Reference Standard for the Human Immune System

Fluidigm Corporation announced the publication of the 10,000 Immunomes Project, a seminal human immune reference standard containing mass cytometry immune cell profiles, by investigators at the University of California, San Francisco, and the Northrop Grumman Information Systems Health IT. [Fluidigm Corporation (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

Top Genomics Institute Clears Director of Bullying and Gender Discrimination

The Wellcome Sanger Institute dismissed allegations of harassment and misuse of funds, following an independent investigation. [Nature News] Editorial

Australian Academics Fear Political Interference following Vetoed Projects

Australian universities and researchers have condemned the actions of a government minister who vetoed projects that had been selected for funding by expert panels. Academics say that the government’s interference has undermined the integrity of the peer-review system and could damage the country’s reputation as a desirable place to do research. [Nature News] Editorial

‘Tropical Trump’ Victory in Brazil Stuns Scientists

Former military officer Jair Bolsonaro rode a wave of anti-establishment anger to victory in Brazil’s presidential election on 28 October, leaving many researchers stunned and worried about the future of their country. [Nature News] Editorial

Embattled University Switches Countries in the Face of Controversial Law

An international university in Budapest that has been at the center of a struggle between Hungarian liberals and the country’s right-wing government has decided to transfer its next batch of master’s and doctoral students to Austria. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Keystone Symposia: Integrated Pathways of Disease in NASH and NAFLD
January 20-24, 2019
Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States

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NEW Research Technologist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Host Cell-Mediated Immunity (Temple University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Johns Hopkins University)

Tenure/Tenure Track Faculty Position – Immunology (Wayne State University)

PhD Position – Antigen Presentation and Immune Regulation (Erasmus MC)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Statistical Geneticist/Computational Biologist (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Autophagy and Aging (University of Oxford)

Research Assistant II – Immunology (Baylor College of Medicine)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute)

Faculty Position – Systems Immunology (Benaroya Research Institute)

Project Leader – Immuno-Oncology (CELLECTIS Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Nantes)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Foxp3+ T-Regulatory in Autoimmunity and Transplantation (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia)

Institute Group Leader – Lymphocyte Biology (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

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