Human Immunology News Volume 9.01 | Jan 12 2021

May 12, 2022

174

HIN 9.01 | Jan 12 2021

Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies

Vol. 9.01 – 12 January, 2021

TOP STORY

Mapping
the Functional Landscape of T Cell Receptor Repertoires by Single-T Cell Transcriptomics

Scientists developed tessa, a tool to integrate T cell receptors (TCRs) with gene expression of T cells to estimate the effect that TCRs confer on the phenotypes of T cells. Tessa leveraged techniques combining single-cell RNA-sequencing with TCR sequencing.
[Nature Methods]

Abstract

New human primary cell products—frozen leukopaks, regulatory T cells, and more. Click to view products.

PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

The
TGF-β Superfamily Cytokine Activin-A Is Induced during Autoimmune Neuroinflammation and Drives Pathogenic Th17 Cell Differentiation

Researchers examined the T cell-intrinsic role of Activin-A, a TGF-β superfamily member closely related to TGF-β1, in pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation. Activin-A expression was increased in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
[Immunity]

Abstract Graphical Abstract

Tissue-Specific
Transcriptional Imprinting and Heterogeneity in Human Innate Lymphoid Cells Revealed by Full-Length Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing

The authors used full-length Smart-seq2 single-cell RNA-sequencing to unravel tissue-specific transcriptional profiles and heterogeneity of CD127⁺ ILCs across four human tissues.
[Cell Research]

Full Article

IL-2
Regulates Tumor-Reactive CD8⁺ T Cell Exhaustion by Activating the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor

Investigators showed that interleukin-2 (IL-2) acted as an environmental cue to induce CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion within tumor microenvironments.
[Nature Immunology]

Full Article

Asparagine Enhances LCK Signaling to Potentiate CD8⁺
T-Cell Activation and Anti-Tumor Responses

Scientists report that CD8⁺ T-cell activation and anti-tumor responses were strongly potentiated by the non-essential amino acid Asn. Increased Asn levels enhanced CD8⁺ T-cell activation and effector functions against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
[Nature Cell Biology]

Full Article

Mitochondrial
Metabolic Reprogramming Controls the Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death and Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer

Researchers showed that Mitomycin C (MMC) promoted immunogenic cell death (ICD) and in vivo tumor protection. MMC-induced ICD relied on metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells toward increased oxidative phosphorylation.
[Science Translational Medicine]

Abstract

Reprogramming
Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells by Activated T Cells Promotes the Response to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Colorectal Cancer

The levels of infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were significantly higher in the non-responding organoids and were selectively reduced in the responding group, with MDSCs showing increased apoptosis and attenuated functional activity after anti-PD-1 treatment.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]

Full Article

CXCR5
CAR-T Cells Simultaneously Target B Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Tumor-Supportive Follicular T Helper Cells

To target both B cell Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and follicular T helper cells in the tumor microenvironment, researchers applied a chimeric antigen receptor that recognized human CXCR5 with high avidity.
[Nature Communications]

Full Article

The SIRPα–CD47 Immune Checkpoint in NK Cells

Elevated expression of CD47 protected K562 tumor cells and mouse and human MHC class I–deficient target cells against SIRPα⁺ primary NK cells, but not against SIRPα^– NKL or NK92 cells. SIRPα deficiency or antibody blockade increased the killing capacity of NK cells.
[Journal of Experimental Medicine]

Abstract

Cytotoxic
T Cells Isolated from Healthy Donors and Cancer Patients Kill TGFβ-Expressing Cancer Cells in a TGFβ-Dependent Manner

Investigators showed that healthy donors and cancer patients harbor CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells specific for TGFβ-derived epitopes and that cytotoxic T cells with specificity toward TGFβ-derived epitopes were able to recognize and kill cancer cell lines in a TGFβ-dependent manner.
[Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

Abstract

AMOT
Suppresses Tumor Progression via Regulating DNA Damage Response Signaling in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Researchers investigated the expression level and biological function of angiomotin (AMOT) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). AMOT expression was significantly reduced in DLBCL biopsy section, and low AMOT expression was associated with poor clinical prognosis.
[Cancer Gene Therapy]

Full Article

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REVIEWS

Targeting TGFβ Signal Transduction for Cancer Therapy

The authors provide a perspective on synergistic therapies that combine anti-TGFβ therapy with cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]

Full Article

INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

Genentech’s
Novel Anti-TIGIT Tiragolumab Granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Combination with Tecentriq for PD-L1-High Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Genentech announced that tiragolumab, a novel cancer immunotherapy designed to bind to TIGIT, has been granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation by the FDA, in combination with Tecentriq^® for the first-line treatment of people with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer whose tumors have high PD-L1 expression with no EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberrations.
[Genentech]

Press Release

FEATURED EVENT

Mapping
the Functional Landscape of T Cell Receptor Repertoires by Single-T Cell Transcriptomics

The
TGF-β Superfamily Cytokine Activin-A Is Induced during Autoimmune Neuroinflammation and Drives Pathogenic Th17 Cell Differentiation

Tissue-Specific
Transcriptional Imprinting and Heterogeneity in Human Innate Lymphoid Cells Revealed by Full-Length Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing

IL-2
Regulates Tumor-Reactive CD8⁺ T Cell Exhaustion by Activating the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor

Asparagine Enhances LCK Signaling to Potentiate CD8⁺
T-Cell Activation and Anti-Tumor Responses

Mitochondrial
Metabolic Reprogramming Controls the Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death and Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer

Reprogramming
Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells by Activated T Cells Promotes the Response to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Colorectal Cancer

CXCR5
CAR-T Cells Simultaneously Target B Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Tumor-Supportive Follicular T Helper Cells

The SIRPα–CD47 Immune Checkpoint in NK Cells

Cytotoxic
T Cells Isolated from Healthy Donors and Cancer Patients Kill TGFβ-Expressing Cancer Cells in a TGFβ-Dependent Manner

AMOT
Suppresses Tumor Progression via Regulating DNA Damage Response Signaling in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Targeting TGFβ Signal Transduction for Cancer Therapy

Genentech’s
Novel Anti-TIGIT Tiragolumab Granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Combination with Tecentriq for PD-L1-High Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Neuroimmune
Models for Alzheimer’s Risk

> See All Events

Professor or Associate Professor – Rheumatology

Research Scientist – Tumor Microenvironment

Postdoctoral
Associate – Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Postdoctoral
Research – Innate Immunity & Endothelial Permeability

Postdoctoral Researcher – Single-Cell Immunology

> See All Jobs