Human Immunology News Volume 9.12 | Mar 30 2021

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    HIN 9.12 | Mar 30 2021


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 9.12 – 30 March, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Gain-of-Function Variants in SYK Cause Immune Dysregulation and Systemic Inflammation in Humans and Mice

    Researchers identified damaging monoallelic SYK variants in six patients with immune deficiency, multi-organ inflammatory disease such as colitis, arthritis and dermatitis, and diffuse large B cell lymphomas.
    [Nature Genetics]

    Abstract

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    Single-Cell Profiling of Myeloid Cells in Glioblastoma across Species and Disease Stage Reveals Macrophage Competition and Specialization

    Scientists employed single-cell RNA sequencing and CITE-seq to map the glioblastoma immune landscape in mouse tumors and in patients with newly diagnosed disease or recurrence.
    [Nature Neuroscience]

    Abstract

    The Survival and Function of IL-10-Producing Regulatory B Cells Are Negatively Controlled by SLAMF5

    The authors identified SLAMF5 for controlling IL-10+ regulatory B cell (Breg) maintenance and function. In EAE, the deficiency of SLAMF5 in B cells causes accumulation of IL10+ Bregs in the central nervous system and periphery.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    Expansions of Adaptive-Like NK Cells with a Tissue-Resident Phenotype in Human Lung and Blood

    Scientists showed that human lung and blood contains adaptive-like CD56brightCD16 NK cells with hallmarks of tissue residency, including expression of CD49a.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Full Article

    Fc-Optimized Anti-CCR8 Antibody Depletes Regulatory T Cells in Human Tumor Models

    CCR8 was expressed by Tregs in both murine and human tumors, and unlike CCR4, a Treg depletion target in the clinic, CCR8 was selectively expressed on suppressive tumor Tregs and minimally expressed on proinflammatory effector T cells
    [Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    Alternative Splicing of the Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Receptor SLAMF6 Generates a Dominant Positive Form, Boosting T Cell Effector Functions

    Investigators showed that in humans, SLAMF6 has three splice isoforms involving its V-domain. Although the canonical receptor inhibited T-cell activation through SAP recruitment, the short isoform SLAMF6∆17-65 had a strong agonistic effect.
    [Cancer Immunology Research]

    Abstract

    Quantification of T Cell Clonality in Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type-1 Carriers Can Detect the Development of Adult T Cell Leukemia Early

    Scientists showed that adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) could be detected early in HTLV-1-carriers through quantification of T-cell receptor (TCR)Vβ subunit diversity on T-cells infected with HTLV-1 using an ‘oligoclonality index’.
    [Blood Cancer Journal]

    Full Article

    Intestinal CD8+ T Cell Responses Are Abundantly Induced Early in Human Development but Show Impaired Cytotoxic Effector Capacities

    Researchers investigated the maturation of the CD8+ T cell compartment in human fetal, infant and adult intestinal tissues. CD8+ T cells exhibiting a memory phenotype were already detected in fetal intestines and increased after birth.
    [Mucosal Immunology]

    Full Article

    A Novel lncRNA TCLlnc1 Promotes Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma Progression through Acting as a Modular Scaffold of HNRNPD and YBX1 Complexes

    A novel lncRNA was identified overexpressed in the main subtypes of peripheral T cell lymphoma, and designated as T cell lymphoma-associated lncRNA1.
    [Cell Death & Disease]

    Full Article

    The CD28-Transmembrane Domain Mediates Chimeric Antigen Receptor Heterodimerization with CD28

    CARs containing a CD28-TMD, but not a CD8-TMD, formed heterodimers with the endogenous CD28 in human T cells, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation and CAR-dependent proliferation of anti-CD28 stimulation.
    [Frontiers in Immunology]

    Full Article

    Resident and Circulating Memory T Cells Persist for Years in Melanoma Patients with Durable Responses to Immunotherapy

    In a cohort of metastatic melanoma survivors with exceptional responses to immunotherapy, researchers probed memory CD8+ T-cell responses across tissues, and across several years.
    [Nature Cancer]

    Abstract

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    REVIEWS

    The Clinical Development of Antibody–Drug Conjugates – Lessons from Leukemia

    Scientists describe the key components of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) structure and function and focus on the clinical development and subsequent utilization of two leukemia-directed ADCs.
    [Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology]

    Abstract

    Targeting Macrophages in Cancer Immunotherapy

    The authors summarize the role of macrophages in current immunotherapies and the advantages of targeting macrophages.
    [Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]

    Full Article

    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    CARISMA Therapeutics Announces First Patient Dosed in Landmark Clinical Study Evaluating Engineered Macrophages in Humans

    CARISMA Therapeutics Inc. announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase I multi-center clinical trial for CT-0508, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 targeted chimeric antigen receptor macrophage.
    [CARISMA Therapeutics Inc.]

    Press Release

    FEATURED EVENT

    European Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Conference

    April 21 – 23, 2021
    Virtual

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Innate Immunology

    Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne – Lausanne, Switzerland

    Faculty Position – Brain Immunology and Glia

    University of Virginia – Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

    Postdoctoral Fellow Position – B Cell Biology

    University of Toronto – Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Postdoc/Research Scientist – Immunology

    H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute – Tampa, Florida, United States

    Research Fellow – RNA Biology

    Dana-Farber Cancer Institute – Boston, Massachusetts, United States

    > See All Jobs

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